DEVELOPMENTAL

STAGES IN MIDDLE AND

LATE ADOLESCENCE
GROW OLD vs.
GLOW UP
 Early Adolescence
Middle Adolescence
Late Adolescence

(KIMMEL AND WEINER 1995)

Early Adolescence

The ages 11 through 14 years are

often referred to as early
adolescence. These years are an
exciting time of many varied and
rapid changes.
From ages 11 through 14, a child develops in four main
areas:
Physical development. Adolescence is a time of change
throughout the body. A growth spurt usually occurs near the
time of puberty. Girls begin to develop breasts and start their
periods. Boys grow facial hair. Both boys and girls grow pubic
hair. Boys may lag behind girls in height during these years,
but they usually end up taller.
Cognitive development. This is how the brain
develops the abilities to think, learn, reason, and
remember. Kids this age typically focus on the present,
but they are starting to understand that what they do
now can have long-term effects. They are also
beginning to see that issues are not just clear-cut and
that information can be interpreted in different ways.
Emotional and social development. As they start to
move from childhood into adulthood, adolescents feel the
urge to be more independent from their families. Often,
friends replace parents as a source of advice. When at
home, adolescents may prefer spending time alone to
being part of the family. Still, family support is important to
help them build a strong sense of self.
Sensory and motor development. Kids this age may be
a little awkward or clumsy. Their brains need time to adjust
to longer limbs and bigger bodies. Getting regular
moderate exercise can improve coordination and help
your child build healthy habits.
Sensory and motor development. Kids
this age may be a little awkward or
clumsy. Their brains need time to adjust
to longer limbs and bigger bodies. Getting
regular moderate exercise can improve
coordination and help your child build
healthy habits.
 Middle Adolescence (Ages 14 to 17)
Physical changes from puberty continue during middle
adolescence.  Most males will have started their growth spurt, and
puberty-related changes continue. They may have some voice cracking,
for example, as their voices lower.  Some develop acne. Physical
changes may be nearly complete for females, and most girls now have
regular periods.
At this age, many teens become interested in romantic and sexual
relationships. They may question and explore their sexual identity―which
may be stressful if they do not have support from peers, family, or
community. Another typical way of exploring sex and sexuality for teens of
all genders is self-stimulation, also called masturbation.

Many middle adolescents have more arguments with their parents as

they struggle for more independence. They may spend less time with
family and more time with friends. They are very concerned about their 
appearance, and peer pressure may peak at this age.  
The brain continues to change and mature in this
stage, but there are still many differences in how a
normal middle adolescent thinks compared to an
adult. Much of this is because the frontal lobes are the
last areas of the brain to mature―development is not
complete until a person is well into their 20s! The frontal
lobes play a big role in coordinating complex decision
making, impulse control, and being able to consider
multiple options and consequences. Middle adolescents
are more able to think abstractly and consider "the big
picture," but they still may lack the ability to apply it in
the moment. 
 Late Adolescence (18-21… and beyond!)
Late adolescents generally have completed
physical development and grown to their full adult
height. They usually have more impulse control by
now and may be better able to gauge risks and
rewards accurately. 
10 APPROPRIATE
TASK FOR MIDDLE
AND LATE
ADOLESCENCE
TASK 1: Adjust to Sexually
Maturing Bodies and
Feelings
TASK 2: Develop and
Apply Abstract Thinking
Skills
TASK 3: Develop and
Apply a More Complex
Level of Perspective
Taking
TASK 4: Develop
and Apply New
Coping Skills
TASK 5: Identify Meaningful
Moral Standards, Values,
and Belief Systems
TASK 6: Understand and
Express More Complex
Emotional Experiences
TASK 7: Form Friendships
that are Mutually Close and
Supportive
TASK 8: Establish Key Aspects
of Identity
TASK 9: Meet the Demands of
Increasingly Mature Roles and
Responsibilities
TASK 10: Renegotiate
Relationships with Adults in
Parenting Roles
 Activity
BACK TO YOUR FUTURE SUCCESS
DIRECTIONS: Take an imaginary journey entitled BACK
TO YOUR SUCCESS guided by the series of events in
your personal timeline. In the roadmap marked with the
three stages of adolescence development: Early
Adolescence. Middle Adolescence and Late adolescence,
write major events and powerful experiences that made a
strong influence in your lfe. In the late adolescence
expressway, you are free to foreshadow the events and
persons you wish to be included in your journey to the
future.