MLS B3 Group A

pernicious Anemia

• Pernicious anemia is a type of vitamin B12

anemia.
• the other name of pernicious anemia is
Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
• The body needs vitamin B12 to make red
blood cells.
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• You get this vitamin from eating foods such

as meat, poultry, shellfish, eggs, and dairy
products. A special protein, called intrinsic
factor (IF), binds vitamin B12 so that it can
be absorbed in the intestines.
 What is the main cause of
pernicious anemia?

• A lack of vitamin B12 (vitamin B12 deficiency)

causes the signs and symptoms of pernicious
anemia.
• Without enough vitamin B12, your body can't
make enough healthy red blood cells, which
causes anemia.
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• Pernicious anemia is one cause of vitamin
B12 deficiency anemia.
• It’s thought to mainly be caused by an
autoimmune process that makes a person
unable to produce a substance in the
stomach called intrinsic factor
 Types of pernicious anemia

• Pernicious anemia is one of two major types

of "macrocystic" or "megaloblastic" anemia.
• These terms refer to anemia in which the red
blood cells are larger than normal.
• (The other major type of macrocystic anemia is
caused by folic acid deficiency.)
 What is the function of pernicious
anemia?
• Pernicious anemia (per-NISH-us uh-NEE-me-uh) is a
condition in which the body can't make enough
healthy red blood cells because it doesn't have
enough vitamin B12.
• Vitamin B12 is a nutrient found in some foods.
• The body needs this nutrient to make healthy red
blood cells and to keep its nervous system working
properly.
 Clinical features

• Symptoms of pernicious anemia may include:

• fatigue, shortness of breath, rapid heart rate,
jaundice or pallor, tingling and numbness of
hands and feet, loss of appetite, diarrhea,
unsteadiness when walking, bleeding gums,
impaired sense of smell, and confusion.
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 pernicious anemia prevention

• You can take steps to prevent pernicious

anemia caused by dietary factors. 
• Eating foods high in vitamin B12 can help
prevent low vitamin B12 levels.
• Good food sources of vitamin B12 include:
Breakfast cereals with added vitamin B12.
 What happens if pernicious
anemia is left untreated?
• Pernicious anemia leads to reduced levels of
oxygen in the body, which can produce
generalized symptoms, such as fatigue, weakness,
and shortness of breath.
• Left untreated, pernicious anemia can cause
permanent damage to the nervous system.
Fortunately, pernicious anemia can be treated
successfully.