Business Plan is a written document that provides

information on the business or project to be

undertaken as a whole. It includes management
plan, marketing plan, operations plan, and finance
plan.

The information contained in the Business Plan used

to make feasibility expectations, predicting
success and recommending strategies for the
projects involved.
A Business Plan is a document in which a business
opportunity, or a business already under way, is
identified, described and analysed, examining its
technical, economic and financial feasibility. The Plan
develops all of the procedures and strategies necessary
in order to convert the business opportunity into an
actual business project.
 It is an indispensable tool in order to start up a business
project, independently of the size of the project
and/or of the amount of business experience of the
entrepreneur.
 It provides an answer to simple questions about a new
business or a business already under way:
1. Entrepreneurs
2. Shareholders
2. Bankers/Creditors/ Financial
intuitions
3. Investor
4. Management/ Employees
5. Client/Customers
6. Suppliers

6
 A business plan has two primary
purposes.
1.Used to help run your company with a more cohesive
vision. It is your roadmap. By truly analyzing your plan
for marketing, sales, manufacturing, website design,
etc., you greatly improve your chances for success.

2. The second purpose of a business plan tends to be

the reason most clients request. That is, a financial
institution or other lender will not invest in your
company unless you can demonstrate that you have a
roadmap to success.

7
1. Creates the opportunity for success.
2. Sets the business mission
3. Determines the company’s main competitors
4. Determine the company’s performance
5. Determine the right way of managing a
business
6. Increases the stakeholders’ confidence
7. Determines barriers to the venture
 Sections Description
Business Concept • Plan how to make business success
Administrative/ • Remuneration of staff and responsibilities
Management Plan • List of office equipment
• Administrative budget.
Operational/Production • Business operation involves the processing of input to produce
Plan output.
• Form a flowchart
• Listed all materials, machines, equipment and manpower
• Layout plan and budget
Marketing Plan • target market and customers
• Clearly describe product/services will be offered to customers
• Analysis potential customers
• Develop and future sales and profit need
Financial Plan • Contains entrepreneur income, cash flow statement, balance
sheet and other.
• All financial information in administrative, operational and
marketing combined together
1. Simple / specific
2. Measurable
3. Achievable
4. Realistic/relevant
5. Time-bound

10
 PART B : Main Body of the Business
Plan
1. Introduction : Business
Description
PART A
: 2. Purpose
1. Cover letter
3. Company Background
2. Cover page
4. Owner/Partners Background
3. Executive summary
5. Location of Business
4. Table of content
6. Administrative/Management
5. Main body of the business
plan
plan
7. Marketing plan
6. Appendices
8. Operations plan
• Identify the company, its background, structure and
location
• Describe what the company does, and the market it serves
• Describe the market potential for the company’s products
and services, market trends, etc.
• Outline the backgrounds and experience of the top
management team
• Describe the funding required, the purposes for which it
will beused, the collateral available (if for a lender), and
the expected outcomes
• Do it in one or two pages
Brief Company Introduction
oMission statement - Location, size, history
oMarket and products -Overview of company
oObjectives capabilities

• Products / Services
– What does it do?
– Uniqueness
– Competitive Advantage
• Technology
– Brief description
– Applications
• Commercialization Status
– Brief overview
13
• Set The Stage
• Industry Definition and Description
o Major players within the industry
o Factors driving dynamics
o New products and developments
• Legislation and Policies Driving the Industry
• Historical and Future Trends

• Market Definition
– Primary Market
– Secondary Markets
• Market Size and Trends
– Current total revenues
– Predicted annual growth rate
14
 Direct Competitors
oWho are they?
oSize and product breadth
oRevenues and profitability
oStrengths and weaknesses
oMarket shares
 Indirect Competitors

Customer Characteristics
– Who are they?
– Why do they buy?
– Need satisfied by the
product/service
– How is the need currently filled?
– What are the alternatives?
– Who makes the decision to buy? 1
– How frequently do they purchase? 5
• Statement of Opportunity
• Marketing and Sales Objectives
• Existing Customers
• Potential Customers
o Prospects targeted
o How prospects will be targeted and qualified
• Marketing Programs
o Direct Mail/ Trade Shows/ Advertising/ Internet
o Publicity/Public Relations
o Marketing Budget
• Pricing
o Basis for targeted price point
16
o Margins and profitability by volume levels
• Sales Plan
o Sales force structure – (direct or reps)
o Sales expectations/quotas
o Margins given to intermediaries
o Service and warranties
o Sales Budget
o Organizational chart indicating planned growth

• Product/Service Strategy
• Pricing Strategy
• Distribution Strategy
• Advertising and Promotion Strategy
• Sales Strategy
• Marketing and Sales Forecasts
17
 • R & D Plan
o Objectives
o Milestones and current status
o Difficulties and risks
o Staffing
o R & D Budget and assumptions

• Stages of product development

• Production process (Use of flow charts)
• Manufacturing/Production Plan
– Objectives
– Facilities
– Staffing
– Subcontractors
– Quality Control
– Budget / Operating Expenses
1
8
• Company Organization
• Management Team
• Administrative Expenses  Human Resource Plan

Management Team o Staffing Objectives

i. President
o Organizational
ii. VP Finance
Structure
iii. VP Sales o 3-5 year growth plan
iv. VP Marketing
o Budget
v. VP Manufacturing
vi. Board of Advisors
19
 Financial Objectives
oTime to Cash Flow Positive
oTime to profitability
 Financial Assumptions
 Capital Requirements
 Exit Scenario

i. Pro-forma Cash Flow

Projections
ii. Pro-forma Profit & Loss
Statements
iii. Pro-forma Balance Sheet 21
1. Financial Statements
2. Photo or drawing of your product
2. Photo of location
3. Sales & profitability forecast charts
4. Market survey & documentation
5. Customer List
6. Sample press releases, adverts
7. Price lists, catalogues
22
1. Keep the business plan short and precise
2. Be focused
3. Reveal the people involved and their roles
4. Avoid the use of jargon language
5. Information should be based on previous
studies
6. Realistic and objective
7. Know the company strengths and weakness
8. Know the competition strengths and
weakness
The Business Model Canvas (BMC) gives you the
structure of a business plan without the overhead
and the improvisation of a ‘back of the napkin’
sketch without the fuzziness (and coffee rings).

Business Model Canvas is a strategic management

and lean startup template for developing new or
documenting existing business models. It is a
visual chart with elements describing a firm's or
product's value proposition, infrastructure,
customers, and finances. 24
2
5
 Together these elements provide a pretty coherent
view of a business’ key drivers–

Customer Segments: Who are the customers? What do they

think? See? Feel? Do?

Value Propositions: What’s compelling about the proposition?

Why do customers buy, use?

Channels: How are these propositions promoted, sold and

delivered? Why? Is it working?

Customer Relationships: How do you interact with the customer

through their ‘journey’?

Revenue Streams: How does the business earn revenue from

the value propositions? 26
Key Activities: What uniquely strategic things does the
business do to deliver its proposition?

Key Resources: What unique strategic assets must the

business have to compete?

Key Partnerships: What can the company not do so it can

focus on its Key Activities?

Cost Structure: What are the business’ major cost drivers?

How are they linked to revenue?

https://www.alexandercowan.com/business-model-canvas-
templates/ 27
 There are many advantages of cyber business over the
traditional business. Cyber business is more than e-
commerce.

 There are some set rules and principles of cyber

business by following which an organization can
enhance revenue as well as over all profit in cyber
business
Few of the very common principles of cyber
business ;

Customer trust
Security measures in electronic transaction
system
Cyber law in cyberspace
Customer Trust
Security measures in electronic transaction system
Cyber law in cyberspace
What is cyber law?
a.Digital Signature Act 1997
b.Computer Crimes Act 1997
c.Communications and Multimedia Act 1998
There are several planning required to
develop a successful cyber business.
The planning required;
 Business plan
 Web site design plan
 Marketing plan
 Financial plan
 Management plan
Criteria to be prepared prior to start a cyber
business;
Online business legal structure
Business licenses and insurances
Accounting / bookkeeping system
Business bank account
 Steps to create a cyber business
1. Business name
2. Website development
3. Website launching
4. Website marketing
5. Website update and maintenance