English

Grammar
Punctuation

And here your subtitle

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 PRESENTER =)

Hell
o!
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 💖 Identify and label all the punctuation available.
💖 use punctuation correctly in a sentence.
💖 answer questions on punctuation on virtual
learning platform.
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 LET US GET TO
KNOW
PUNCTUATIONS =)
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 WHAT IS PUNCTUATION ?
😇 Punctuation is the system of signs or symbols given to a reader to
show how a sentence is constructed and how it should be read.
😇 Punctuation shows how the sentence should be read and makes
the meaning clear.
😇 Every sentence should include at least a capital letter at the start,
and a full stop, exclamation mark or question mark at the end.
😇 This basic system indicates that the sentence is complete.
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 TYPES OF
PUNCTUATION =)
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 COMMA ,
Vestibulum congue

HuEe ‘

FVU
estL
RmOcoPng

ibL
ulum
IGN

STcoO
S

buTlu
SIC

stiS
A

ngP
B OF TION
VeO

ue .
AP T UA
U NC
P
QU OueN
Ve E I
M stibuluSm TI M
AcTong!
AR con O L A lum K
Cestib AR
K gueN
u
X
E V M
?
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 COLAN :
Vestibulum congue

B
Vest (...)
gue
/

RA
Hon

ibulu
SLASm c

CmKE
S IGN

ibulu
SIC

cong
A

TSue
B OF TION
Vest
UA
QU U NC
T
AT P
AVRest AT -e
Kibulum IO EN o n gu

“...co N
c
ib P
m
...guen M ulu
st Y
..” VH
e
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 THE COMMA ,
The comma is useful in a sentence when the writer wishes to:
● pause before proceeding
EG : They finished dinner in pin-drop silence, but Alex knew that he would have to apologize.
● add a phrase that does not contain any new subject
EG: The boy, who knew that his mother was about to arrive, ran quickly towards the opening
door.

● separate items on a list

EG: We brought pizzas, burgers, chocolate, and a chocolate cake on tour.
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● use more than one adjective (a describing word, like beautiful)

EG: The boy was happy, eager and full of anticipation at the start of his summer holiday.
 THE FULL STOP .
A full stop should always be used to end a sentence. The full stop indicates that a point
has been made and that you are about to move on to further explanations or a related
point.

EG :
Alex was a little boy when he first saw a person dying. He was so shocked and panicked that he could
not sleep for several days. He still fears the sight of someone’s death.

A single full stop may also be used to indicate the abbreviation of commonly
used words as in the following examples:
● Telephone Number = Tel. No.
● September = Sept.
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● Pages = pp.
 THE EXCLAMATION MARK !
An exclamation mark indicates strong feeling within a sentence, such as fear,
anger or love. It is also used to accentuate feeling within the written spoken
word.

EG :

● Wait! Don’t take another step!

● I can’t believe she could say that!

● What a gorgeous house!

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 THE QUESTION MARK ?
The question mark simply indicates that a sentence is asking a question. It
always comes at the end of a sentence:

EG :

● Have you had your breakfast?

● Where are you going?

● Did you once think about your family? Your career? Your future? Your life? (Series of questions
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using the same subject and verb)

 APOSTROPHE ‘
The apostrophe, sometimes called an inverted comma has two main uses.
● The apostrophe indicates possession or ownership.
EG :
● The girl's hat was green, (girl is in the singular).

This shows the reader that the hat belongs to the girl.
● The girls' hats were green, (girls in this sentence are plural)

This indicates that the hats belong to the girls.

● Another use of the apostrophe is to indicate where a letter is omitted:

EG
● We're going to do this course. (We are going to do this course.)
● Isn’t this a fine example of punctuation? (Is not this a fine example of punctuation?)
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● The time is now 7 o’ clock. (The time is now 7 of the clock)

 THE COLAN :
The colon within a sentence makes a very pointed pause between two phrases.
There are two main uses of the colon:
● It is most commonly used when listing.
EG:
● She placed the following items into the trolley: beer, fruit, vegetables, toilet rolls, cereals and
cartons of milk.

● It can be used within a heading, or descriptive title.

EG:
● Human Resource Management: Guidelines for Telephone Advisers
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 QUOTATION OR SPEECH MARK
(“….”)
Quotation or speech marks are used to:
● To mark out speech

EG:
● My grandpa said, "Share your chocolates with your friends."
● "George, don't do that!"

● When quoting someone else's speech

EG:
■ "Will you get your books out please?” said Mrs Jones, the teacher.
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 THE HYPHEN (-)
The hyphen is used to link words together.
EG:
● sub-part
● eighteenth-century people
● second-class post
● gender-neutral
● Non-verbal
● forty-six

● The hyphen is also used when a word is split between two lines.
● The hyphen should be placed between syllables at the end of the upper line and indicates
to the reader that the word will be completed on the next line.
EG:
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● Ali is a smart a boy. He is also very helpful. He loves to spend his free time reading books, paint
-ing, and swimming.
 THE BRACKET (...)
Brackets enclose the additional things in the quoted material. These additions are
used for clarifications of the words or phrases of the quoted materials.
EG:

● “It [the river] taught me all I ever knew about life.”

● “Yeats used to love her [Maude Gonne], and he wrote many poems about her.”
● “Every man[sic] must die one day.”
● “I told [Spielberg] I wouldn’t do the movie.”
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 THE CAPITAL LETTER
1. To Start a Sentence
EG:

● Is it always necessary to use capitals to start a sentence? The answer is definitely yes.
1. For Proper Nouns
EG:

● “I went to the University of Oxford today.”

1. Acronyms
EG:

● Air Asia - AA
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● Ministry of Educatiom - MoE

EXERCISE
1
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EXERCISE
2
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 http://tiny.cc/
punctuation2020
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 Credits.
Presentation Template: SlidesMania
PRESENTATION NOTES :
https://www.skillsyouneed.com/write/capital-letters.html
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Thank
you!
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