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FILIPPO BRUNELLESCHI
(1377 – 1446)
 INTRODUSTION
Brunelleschi was a designer from Italy and an important
figure in Architecture
 HISTORY
 Brunelleschi was born in Florence, Italy. There are fiw information about his early life, his
father Brunellesco di Lippo, a lawyer, and Giuliana Spini was his mother.

 Filippo had two brothers and he was the middle one. He was literary and mathematically
educated that planned to allow him to trail his father's path, by being a civil servant.

 Being artistically motivated, he registered in the Arte della Seta, which is the silk merchants'
Guild, that included also metalworkers, bronze workers, and goldsmiths.

 He took place in a design competition to construct a design for the new set of bronze doors
for Florence Baptistery in 1401.
— Brunelleschi known as
 known as the first modern engineer, organizer and only
construction supervisor.

 one of the founding fathers of the Renaissance.

 he's well known for creating method for linear perspective for
building and in art.

 constructing dome of the famous Florence Cathedral.

 Brunelleschi as
an Architect
Maybe he was just inspired by his environments, ever since it was
between 1402-1404 that he with his friend and sculptor Donatello
supposedly went to Rome for studying ancient ruins.
 PRINCIPAL WORKS
• Dome of the Florence Cathedral (1419–1436)
• Ospedale degli Innocenti (1419–ca.1445)
• The Basilica of San Lorenzo (1419–1480s)
• Meeting Hall of the Palazzo di Parte Guelfa (1420s–1445)
• Sagrestia Vecchia, or Old Sacristy of S. Lorenzo (1421–1440)
• Santa Maria degli Angeli: unfinished, (begun 1434)
• The lantern of Florence Cathedral (1436–ca.1450)
• The exedrae of Florence Cathedral (1439–1445)
• The church of Santo Spirito (1441–1481)
• Pazzi Chapel (1441–1460s)
 Ancient Egypt
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun
and the smallest one in the Solar System.
This planet's name has nothing to do with
the liquid metal
 Europe

Mercury Venus Mars

It’s the closest planet to the Venus has a beautiful name Despite being red, Mars is
Sun and the smallest in the and is the second planet from actually a cold place. It’s full
Solar System the Sun of iron oxide dust
 South Asia
Mars
Despite being red, Mars is actually
a cold place. It's full of iron oxide
dust, which gives the planet its
reddish cast
Venus
Venus has a beautiful name and is
the second planet from the Sun.
It’s terribly hot, even hotter than
Mercury
The Foundling Hospital
(1419–1445)
Brunelleschi's first architectural commission was
the Ospedale degli Innocenti(1419–c. 1445), or Foundling
Hospital, designed as a home for orphans.

The major portion completed by Brunelleschi was an arcade

or loggia with nine arches, supported on each side
by pilasters, which gave the appearance of columns, and
opening to the interior by a small door. The arcade was
supported by slender columns with Corinthian capital. This
first arcade, with its columns, rounded arches and simple
classical decoration, became the model for a long series of
Renaissance buildings across Europe.
 Basilica of San
Lorenzo (1421–1442)
The Basilica of San Lorenzo was his next
great project, undertaken soon after he
began the Foundling Hospital. It was the
largest church in Florence, sponsored by
the Medici family, whose tombs were
located there, and it was the work of
several different architects, including,
later, Michelangelo . The parts undertaken
by Brunelleschi were the central nave,
with the two collateral naves on either side
bordered by small chapels, and the old
sacristy.
Basilica of Santo Spirito
(1434–1466)

The Basilica of Santo Spirito is an

example of the mathematical proportion
and harmony of Brunelleschi's work..
Though he began designing in 1434,
construction did not begin until 1436, and
continued beyond his lifetime. The
columns for the facade were not delivered
until 1446, ten days before his death, and
the facade was not completed until 1482,
and then was modified in the 18th century.
The bell tower was also a later addition.
Pazzi Chapel
(1430–1444)
The Pazzi Chapel in Florence was
commissioned in about 1429 by
Andrea Pazzi to serve as the Chapter
House, or meeting place of the monks
of the Monastery of Santa Croce. Like
nearly all of his works, the actual
construction was delayed, beginning
only in 1442, and the interior was not
finished until 1444. The building was
not entirely finished until about 1469,
twenty years after his death. Some of
the details, such as the lantern on top
of the dome, were added after his
death.
Santa Maria degli Angeli
(1434–1437)
Santa Maria degli Angeli was an
unfinished project by Brunelleschi
which introduced a revolutionary
concept in Renaissance architecture.
Churches since the Romanesque and
Gothic periods were traditionally in the
form of a cross, with the altar in the
transept or crossing point. Santa Maria
deli Angeli was designed as a rotunda
in an octagon shape, with eight equal
sides, each containing a chapel, and the
altar in the center.
Florence Cathedral dome
(1420–1461)

● The new cathedral in the city was the Santa Maria

del Fiore and by the year 1418 the dome was still to
be well-defined.

● During the time that building was being designed in

the earlier century, nobody knew how a dome was
built, agreed that it would be bigger than the dome
of the Pantheon in Rome and there was not any
dome of that size that has ever been built ever
Brunelleschi constructed two domes, one
within the other, a practice that would later be
followed by all the successive major domes,
including those of Les Invalides in Paris and
the United States Capital in Washington. The
outer dome protected the inner dome from the
rain, and allowed a higher and more majestic
form. The frame of the dome is composed of
twenty-eight horizontal and vertical marble
ribs, or, eperoni, eight of which are visible on
the outside. Those visible on the outside are
largely decorative, since the outer dome is
supported by the structure of the inner dome.
A narrow stairway runs upward between the
two domes to the lantern on the top.
The strength of the dome was improved
by the wooden and sandstone chains
invented by Brunelleschi, which acted like
tensioning rings around the base of the
dome and reduced the need for flying
buttresses, so popular in Gothic
architecture.[44] The herringbone brick-
laying pattern, which Brunelleschi may
have seen in Rome, was also seemingly
forgotten in Europe before the
construction of the dome.
 OTHER WORKS

Brunelleschi's interests stretched also

to math, engineering and the study of
ancient memorials. He developed
hydraulic equipment and extravagant
clockwork, unfortunately both not
survived.
He designed also defenses used by
Florence in its military against Pisa and
Siena. In the year 1424, he was at work in
Lastra a Signa, a village shielding the path
to Pisa, and in the year 1431 in Italy,
particularly the south, on the village walls
of Staggia. The walls still well-preserved,
but it's uncertain if they are by Brunelleschi
specifically.
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