Circulatory system

Essential questions:

• How do substances move around the body?

• What is the inside structure of the heart?
• Why are there different types of blood vessels?
• What are the components in the blood and what are their
functions?
• How does the body fight against disease?
9.1_The Circulatory System 循环系统
Objectives:
Describe the composition of circulatory system
Give two types of blood and three types of blood vessels
Describe the double circulation of a human and explain its
advantages

Keyword:
pump 泵 valve 瓣膜 / 阀
blood vessel 血管 artery 动脉
vein 静脉 pulmonary circulation 肺
循环
systemic circulation 体循环 pulmonary artery 肺动脉
pulmonary vein 肺静脉 aorta 主动脉
/ 大动脉
Starter question:
vena cava 腔静脉 Where does gas exchange happen in the body?
/ 大静脉
In the last chapter……

Breathing: Respiration:
Gas exchange Gas exchange
between between
alveoli and capillary and
capillary body cells
How do substances move around the body?
The body has its own transport system
that carries substances around the body.

Which organs are involved in

this system?
heart
blood vessels
blood

The body’s transport system is

called the circulatory system.
Why is it given this name?
 What is the circulatory system made of?
The circulatory system is described as a system
of tubes with a pump and valves to ensure one-
way flow of blood.
The human circulatory system is made of:
• A pump called the heart.
• Blood vessels called
1. Arteries – take blood away from the heart.
2. Veins – take blood towards the heart.
3. Capillaries – take blood in between cells in tissues and
organs.
Valves which make sure the blood flows in one direction
only.
 Two types of blood
The circulatory system carries two types of blood:

oxygenated deoxygenated
blood blood

 blood travelling  blood travelling

c
to the body cells away from the body cells
 high oxygen content  low oxygen content
 low carbon dioxide  high carbon dioxide
content content

The arrangement of the circulatory system means that these

two types of blood do not mix.
 Inside the heart
The inside of the heart is divided into two sections so that the
two types of blood (oxygenated and deoxygenated)
are kept apart.

right side left side

of the heart of the heart
deoxygenated oxygenated
blood blood

Remember that the heart is always labelled as if it is in a

body facing you, so the right side of the heart is on the
left of the diagram.
Prepare a 30 second speech on the questions:
• What is the circulatory system made of?
• What are the characteristics of two types of blood?
• Why is the heart separated into two sections? Can the two
types of blood mix? Why?
The two sides of the heart
Paired Verbal Fluency

• Brain research
• Partner A & Partner B
How does blood circulate around the body?
Blood is pumped
around the body by
the heart.
It takes about 30
seconds for blood to
go once around the
body.
Starting with the left
side of the heart,
what route does the
blood follow to
complete one circuit
of the body?
How does blood circulate around the body?
The left side of
the heart pumps
oxygenated blood
to the rest of the body.
This blood supplies
the body’s cells with
oxygen.
What gas does the
blood then pick up
from the body’s cells
and where does the
blood go next? body’s
cells
How does blood circulate around the body?
Blood picks up
carbon dioxide from
the body’s cells.
This deoxygenated
blood then travels
back to the right side
of the heart.
The deoxygenated
blood needs to lose the
carbon dioxide and pick
up more oxygen. How
does it do this? body’s
cells
How does blood circulate around the body?
Next, the right side
of the heart pumps lungs
deoxygenated blood
to the lungs.
In the lungs the blood
gets rid of the waste
carbon dioxide and
collects more oxygen.
Where does this
oxygenated blood then
travel to?
body’s
cells
How does blood circulate around the body?
The oxygenated
blood then returns lungs
to the left side of the
heart.
This completes the
blood’s journey
around the body.
Why is the journey
of blood through the
circulatory system
called a double
circulation? body’s
cells
 A double circulatory system
During one complete
circuit of the body,
blood passes through
lungs
the heart twice.
The heart has two jobs
to do and so the
circulatory system
involves a double
circulation.
What are the two jobs
that the heart carries
out during this double body’s
circulation? cells
 What is the double circulatory system?
The pulmonary circulation carries:
deoxygenated blood carried in
lungs
pulmonary artery from the heart to the
lungs
oxygenated blood carried in pulmonary
vein back from the lungs to the heart,
ready to be pumped out to the body.

The systemic circulation carries:

oxygenated blood to the rest of
the body through the arteries
deoxygenated blood back to the body’s
heart through the veins. cells
 What are the 4 main blood vessels?
Deoxygenated Oxygenated
blood is pumped
lungs blood returns
from the heart to to the heart
the lungs through the
through the pulmonary
pulmonary vein 肺静脉 .
artery 肺动脉 .
Oxygenated blood
Deoxygenated is pumped at high
blood returns to pressure from the
the heart through heart to the body
the vena cava 腔 through the aorta
静脉 . body’s 主动脉 .
cells
Arteries carry blood away from the heart,
veins carry blood to the heart.
• The pulmonary circulation is a low
pressure circuit because…
lungs
…it only takes blood to the lungs which
are near the heart.

• The systemic circulation is a high

pressure circuit because…

…blood needs to go through all tissues

and organs and back to the heart body’s
again. cells
 Paired Verbal Fluency:
• what double circulation is.
• why pulmonary circulation is low pressure and systemic
circulation is high pressure.
• Partner A & B
• Partner A retells
what was heard
• Partner B retells
• No repeating
anything that was
said
• Timed segments
 Arteries carry blood away from the heart,
veins carry blood to the heart.

• Do all the arteries carry oxygenated blood?

• NOT all the arteries carry oxygenated blood.
• Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood.
 CAN YOU …
Describe the circulatory system as a
system of tubes with a pump and valves
to ensure one-way flow of blood.
Describe double circulation in terms of
a low pressure circulation and a high
pressure circulation and relate these
differences to the different functions of
the two circuits.
OneNote Homework:
2. Complete the table below by saying if the vessel carries OXYGENATED or
DEOXYGENATED blood and saying where it carries blood TO and FROM.

Vessel Carries … From … To …

Vena Cava
(superior and      
inferior)

Pulmonary artery      

Pulmonary vein      

Aorta      
Exit pass 出门条

Label as many points as you

can. [16]
Single and double circulatory systems
 Double circulatory system advantages
The double circulatory system produces higher pressures
in blood vessels than a single circulatory system can.

This creates a greater

rate of blood flow to
the tissues.

The greater rate of flow allows blood to be pumped quickly

even through the bodies of large mammals, like elephants
and whales.
True or false?