Applied Fluid Mechanics: P1: Incompressible Flow

Applied Fluid Mechanics
P1: Incompressible Flow

Chemical Engineering Guy
www.ChemicalEngineeringGuy.com
Overview
• Difference between Compressible
Flow and Incompressible Flow
• Why is it important to study
Incompressible Flow
• Who should take this course
• What is this course and what is not
• How is PART 1 Structured?
• Textbooks
Part 1 vs. Part 2
• Incompressible flow  constant density
– Easier to model
– Examples:
• Liquids and Gases with no change of T,P
• Compressible flow  density is function of T,P

– Complex to model
– Examples:
• Gases with change in T, P
What is Applied Fluid Mechanics?
Incompressible Flow
• Is the art of Moving Fluids of Constant Density
– Study of the theory behind this Phenomena
– Design of Equipment
– Correct Operation of Equipment
• Keywords
– Pumping, Friction loss, mechanic energy, piping,
incompressible, agitation, mixing
PS: Pump Station
Importance
• Energy Requirement due to Momentum of Fluids
• Basic Unit Operations in Momentum Transport
• Energy loss due to Friction
• Limitations of Pumping Systems
• Type of Equipment used in the industry
Importance
• Type of Materials used in piping systems
• Measurement of Flow Rates in pipes
• Pressure Drops in Piping Systems
Importance
• Agitation vs. Mixing
• Correct Equipment Design and
Operation
Who’s this Course for?
• Students and/or Engineers who want a strong
fundamentals on:
– Fluid Mechanics
– Application of Theoretical Concepts to Real Life
Problems in Engineering
– Equipment Operation and Design related to
moving fluids @ct. density
– Piping and Instrumentation
– Momentum Transport Operations
Who’s this Course for?
• Petroleum Engineers
• Mechanical Engineers
• Chemical Engineers
• Electrical Engineers
• Process Engineers
• Civil Engineers
• Industrial Engineers
What is this course about
• Fluid Mechanics Application
– Incompressible Flow
• Overview of Common Equipment
• Equipment Design
• Equipment Operation
• A little bit of Theory (science behind)
• Application (use theory to solve real life
problems, i.e. engineering)
What is NOT this course about
• Fluid Dynamics “heavy” Theory
– Viscosity Theory
– Friction theory
– Buoyancy, Density and Weight
• Momentum Transport Phenomena
– Couette Flow
– Non circular flows
• Very Complex Bernoulli Examples
• Navier-Stokes Equations
What is NOT this course about
• Velocity Profiling and Boundary Conditions
• Dimensional Analysis such as Buckingham Pi theorem
• Flow around objects
– Cylinders, spheres, cubes, etc…
• Hydrodynamics (Hydrostatic Pressure and Forces)
Why you need it?
• You will need this course…
– Move fluids
– Calculate Pressure Drop
– Measure Flow Rates
– Increase Pressure of Incompressible Fluids
– Will help you in Plant Design
– Mechanic Energy (Generation/Consumption)
– Understand the limitations of a given system
Basic Concepts you need to know…
• If you’ve been tracking my courses:

– Mass Balance (Basic Balancing, Inlet, outlets)
– Energy Balance* (More on the mechanic energy)
– Thermodynamics (Basics)
– Transport Phenomena (The Momentum part)
• Basic  Viscosity, Flow in Pipes, Friction Factor, couette
flow, turbulence, etc.
– Fluid Dynamics ***
• Basic Knowledge
• Mathematics
– Arithmetic (+,-,*,/)
– Geometry (area, perimeter, volume, etc)
– Conversion of Units (cm to m, kg to g, etc.)
– English System vs. International Systems
– Decimals and scientific notation
– % and fractions
• Chemistry, Physics
– P vs. F
– Temp (abs) vs. Temp (R, F, K, C)
– Mass =/ weight
– Mol, Mass Weight, molar mass, mass fraction, mole
fraction
– Basic Hydrodynamics and Hydrostatics
• Fluid Dynamics & Thermodynamics

– Viscosity (kinematic vs. )
– Bernoulli Equation
– Friction Factor Basics
– Efficiency in Work inlet/outlet
Textbook, Reference and Bibliography
• Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering
• Edition: 7th
– By: McCabe, Smith, Harrenhall
Pretty good for Chemical Engineers
• Applied Fluid Mechanics

• Edition: 6th
– By Robert L. Mott
Pretty good for Fluid Mechanics + Engineering
• Flow of Fluids Through Valves,
Fittings & Pipe TP-41
– By Crane Company
Pretty good for Reference Values of Valves, Fitting and Pipes
Course Structure (Overall)
• Part 1: Incompressible Flow 60%
• Part 2: Compressible Flow 40%
Course Structure (Specific)
AFD0 Overview 0%
AFD1 The Mechanic Energy Equation 10%
AFD2 Piping, Fittings and Valves 10%
AFD3 Energy Loss due to Friction 5%
AFD4 Flow Measurement Equipment 5%
AFD5 Pumps 15%
AFD6 Incompressible Flow Application 10%
AFD7 Agitation and Mixing 5%
-
AFD8 Gas Flow through Nozzles 15%
AFD9 Gas Flow & Compression Equipment 10%
AFD10 Packed Beds 10%
AFD11 Fluidized Beds 5%
AFD12 Course Conclusion 0%
Course Structure (Specific)
AFD0 Overview 0%
AFD1 The Mechanic Energy Equation 10%
AFD2 Piping, Fittings and Valves 10%
AFD3 Energy Loss due to Friction 5%
AFD4 Flow Measurement Equipment 5%
AFD5 Pumps 15%
AFD6 Incompressible Flow Application 10%
AFD7 Agitation and Mixing 5%
-
AFD8 Gas Flow through Nozzles 15%
AFD9 Gas Flow & Compression Equipment 10%
AFD10 Packed Beds 10%
AFD11 Fluidized Beds 5%
AFD12 Course Conclusion 0%
Course Content
PART I: Incompressible Flow
Part 1: Incompressible Flow
• All blocks include:
– Introduction to the Block (topic)
– Theory: Science behind
– Applied Theory
– Explained Examples
– Solved Problems
– Quiz Section
– Conclusion of each Block (topic)
AFD1: The Mechanic Energy Equation
• Section 0: Review
– Density, Viscosity, Friction, Mass, Weight, Gravitational Constant
• Section 1: Why M.E.E
– Systems
• Section 2: Kinetic + Potential Energy
– Kinetic Energy  Velocity
– Potential Energy  Relative Position
• Section 3: Pressure Head
– Pressure  Force per unit area
• Section 4: Inlet/Outlet Work
– Work inlet (Pumps, Compressors, etc…)
– Work Outlet (Turbine, Mill, etc…)
• Section 5: Friction Loss  Trajectory
– Nature of Friction Loss
• Section 6: Application - Mechanical Energy Equation
– Bernoulli’s Law
– Torricelli’s Law
– M.E.E. Exercises
AFD2: Piping, Fittings and Valves
• Section 1: Pipe types and materials
– Pipe vs Piping
– Piping Material
• Material Roughness
– Piping Sizing
• Schedules
• BWG
• Section 2: Fittings & Flow Rate Measure
– Function of fittings
– Common Fittings used in Engineering
• Section 3: Valves
– Common Valves used in the industry
AFD3: Energy Loss due to Friction
• Section 1: Flow in Pipes Review
– Reynolds Number: Laminar and Turbulent Flows
– Pipe Roughness
• Section 2: Friction Loss in Pipes (Hff)
– Moody's and Fanning Friction Factors
– Moody’s Diagram
– Equations for F.F (Chen, Hazen-Williams, etc.)
• Section 3: Friction Loss in Fittings, Valves (Hfs)
– K value
– L/D equivalences
– K values for Fittings and Valves
AFD4: Flow Measurement Equipment
• Section 1: Venturi Tube
– Introduction to measurements
– The M.E.E Balance
– Advantages + Disadvantages
• Section 2: Orifice Plates
– The M.E.E Balance
– The Friction Coefficient Graphs
– Advantages + Disadvantages
• Section 3: Other Measurement Equipment
– Thermal Mass Flow Meter
– Paddle Wheel Flow Meter
– More Devices…
AFD5: Pumps (I)
• Section 1: Pump Types
– Positive displacement
• Lobe, Screw, Piston, Vane, Gear
– Kinetic
• Axial and Centrifugal
– Pump Performance
• NHSPr
• Power
• Section 2: System Curve
– System Head
– System Curve
AFD5: Pumps (II)
• Section 3: Pump Curve
– Pump Head
– Pump Curve
• Impeller Effect
• Efficiency Curves
• Pump Power Curves
• NPSH
• Velocity Effect
• Section 4: Pump Selection
– How to choose a pump
– Supplier Data
– Pump Affinity Laws
• Section 5: Pumping Systems
– Pump in Series
– Parallel Pumps
– Software Modeling
AFD6: Incompressible Flow Application
• Section 1: Series Flow (1 pipe)
– Type of Problems
• Head of the System revisited
• Pipe Size Selection
• Volumetric Flow
• Pump Selection
• Section 2: Parallel and Branch Flow
– Parallel Flow vs. Branched Flow
– Parallel Flow  2 Pipes
– Parallel + Branched Flow  (Software)
AFD7: Agitation and Mixing
• Section 1: Agitation and Mixing Theory
– Agitation vs. Mixing
– Overview of Equipment
• Section 2: Design of Mixing Equipment
– Power Number
– Power Requirement
• Section 3: Static Mixers
– Basic Principle
• Section 4: Software Modeling
End of Introduction to PART 1
• By now you should know:
– The importance of this course in engineering
– The course structure and content
– That this course is Theory – Application
– This is Part 1  Incompressible Flow
– It is highly recommended to start with Part 1
– After studying Part 1. Continue to Part 2.
Need More Problems?
Check out the COURSE
• Courses
Applied Fluid Dynamics

 I n c o m p re s s i b l e F l o w ( PA RT 1 )
You’ll get SOLVED problems, Quizzes, Slides, and much

more!
Questions and Problems
• REMEMBER…
– Practice and Repetition makes MASTERY
• Check out All problems and exercises are
solved in the next webpage
– www.ChemicalEngineeringGuy.com
• Courses
– Momentum Transfer Operations
• Don’t Forget to take the Quiz of this Block!

– Theory must be applied and practiced
Contact Information!
• Get extra information here!
– Directly on the WebPage:

• www.ChemicalEngineeringGuy.com/courses
– FB page:
• www.facebook.com/Chemical.Engineering.Guy
– My Twitter:
• www.twitter.com/ChemEngGuy
– Contact me by e-mail:
• Contact@ChemicalEngineeringGuy.com

Applied Fluid Mechanics: P1: Incompressible Flow

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Applied Fluid Mechanics: P1: Incompressible Flow

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Applied Fluid Mechanics

P1: Incompressible Flow

• Compressible flow  density is function of T,P

• If you’ve been tracking my courses:

• Fluid Dynamics & Thermodynamics

Pretty good for Chemical Engineers

• Applied Fluid Mechanics

Pretty good for Fluid Mechanics + Engineering

Pretty good for Reference Values of Valves, Fitting and Pipes

Applied Fluid Dynamics

You’ll get SOLVED problems, Quizzes, Slides, and much

• Don’t Forget to take the Quiz of this Block!

– Directly on the WebPage:

You might also like