Objective & Obstacles

• Determine the amount of cargo loaded or

discharged
• Draft marks not at the F & A Perpendiculars
• LCF isn’t at midship marks
• Ship is often twisted, hogged or sagged
• Hydrostats are for Even Keel – ship may be
trimmed
 Corrected Observed Drafts
• Mean of Port & Starboard

Dp Dm
Ds
 Correct F & A Drafts for position
from Perpendiculars
• Similar Triangles

Trim θ
Between M a rk s (L BM )
ween
Marks Length Bet
(TBM)

Tan θ = TBM
LBM
 Tan θ = TBM
LBM
θ

FORWARD Marks
AFT Marks

df x
θ
y θ

da
 Tan θ = TBM
LBM
Tan θ = y Tan θ = x
da df
y = T x = T
da L df L
y = T x da x = T x df
L L
df x
θ
θ
y da
AFT Marks FORWARD Marks
 True Fwd & Aft Drafts
DFP = DF ‘+’ or ‘-’ x
DAP = DA ‘+’ or ‘-’ y
Check where the draft marks are
relative to the perpendicular and
the ships trim (head or stern).

Obtain the True Trim

 Correct Midships draft for Mid
length

• Midship marks displaced from Mid length

position

• Could be fwd or aft of mid length

• Trim could be by the Head or Stern

 z = dm x True Trim
LBP
θ
z Correction is ‘-ve’ when the direction of
dm
the draft marks from the midship position
is the same as the trim
 Deflection
• Corrects for Hogging or Sagging
• Actual Mean of Drafts is not amidships with
the ship bent
• The Mean Draft needs to be corrected

Corrected Midship Draft = DFP + (6 x DM) + DAP

8
 Extract Data from Data Books
• With Corrected Midship Draft obtain:

– Displacement(SW)

– TPC(SW)

– LCF
 Ist (Layer) Trim Correction
• Tonnage correction for the fact that ‘F’ isn’t at the
Mid length position
• If on an even keel then NO Layer Correction
• Tonnes

LCF

TMD Mid Draft

 Ist (Layer) Trim Correction

Distance CF from Midships x Trim (cm) x TPC

LBP

‘+ve’ when direction of LCF from midships is

the same as the trim, and vice versa
 2 (Nimoto’s) trim Correction
nd

• Hydro Tables are for Even Keel and vessel is

trimmed there must be a little more cargo on
the end that is trimmed down
• MCTC1 = MCTCSW at Dm (cor’d) - ½m
• MCTC2 = MCTCSW at Dm (cor’d) + ½m

50 x True Trim²(m) x (MCTC2 – MCTC1)

LBP

• Always added
 Density Adjustment
• The calculation is ALWAYS done in SW
(1.025) using Dockwater drafts
• Instead of changing the drafts to DW we
change the Displacement
• Trim corrections only work in SW
• To find the Dock Water Displacement
Displacement x RD of Dockwater
1.025