OUTER SPACE ADVENTURES

BY NASA AND ISRO

By- Amartya Pandey
Class- 6
Roll- 10
-
NASA
NATIONAL Aeronautics and Space
Administration
 About Nasa

NASA stands for National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NASA is a U.S.
government agency that is responsible for science and technology related to air and
space. The Space Age started in 1957 with the launch of the Soviet satellite Sputnik.
OUTER SPACE
ADVENTURES
BY NASA
 Mercury Program
Project Mer cur y  was th e fi rst  hu man spa cefl ight program of the United Sta tes, ru nn ing from 1958
t hrough 1 96 3. An earl y h ig hligh t of th e  Spa ce Ra ce, its goa l was to pu t a m an in to Ea r th  orbit an d
retur n hi m safel y, i deal l y before the   Soviet Union. Ta ken over from th e  US Air Force by the n ewly
crea ted ci vi l i an spac e agency  NASA, it condu cted 20 u ncr ewed developmen tal fl ights (some u sing
ani m al s), a nd si x suc ces sfu l fl igh ts by  a stron au ts. The program , wh ic h took its n am e fr om  
Rom an mythology, c os t $2.27  billion (adjusted for  in fl a tion). [
 Gemini Program

Project Gemini  was NASA's second human spacefl ight program. Conducted

between projects Mercury and Apollo, Gemini started in 1961 and concluded in
1966. The Gemini spacecraft carried a two-astronaut crew. Ten Gemini crews and
16 individual astronauts fl ew low Earth orbit (LEO) missions during 1965 and 1966.
 Apollo Program
The  Apollo program , was the third United States  human spacefl ight program carried out by the
NASA, which succeeded in preparing and  landing the fi rst humans on the  Moon from 1968 to 1972.
The  goal was accomplished on the  Apollo 11 mission when astronauts  Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin
 landed their  Apollo Lunar Module  on July 20, 1969, and walked on the lunar sur face while  
Michael Collins remained in  lunar orbit in the command and ser vice module , and all three landed
safely on Ear th on July 24. Five subsequent Apollo missions also landed  astronauts on the Moon, the
 Skylab Program
Skylab was the fi rst United States space station, launched by NASA, occupied for
about 24 weeks between May 1973 and February 1974. It was operated by three
separate three-astronaut crews: Skylab 2, Skylab 3, and Skylab 4. Major operations
included an orbital workshop, a solar observatory, Earth observation, and hundreds

of experiments.
 APPOLO Test Souz Project
A p o l l o – S o y u z   w a s t h e fi r s t c r e w e d i n t e r n a t io n a l   s p a c e m i s s i o n, c a r r i e d o u t j o in t l y b y t h e   U n i t e d S t a t e s  a n d t h e  
S ov ie t U n i o n  i n J u l y 1 9 7 5 . M il l i o n s o f p e o p l e a r o u n d t h e w o r l d w a t c h e d o n t e l e v is i o n a s a U n it e d S t a t e s  A p o l l o
  s p a c e c ra f t   d o c k e d w i t h a S o v i e t U n i o n   S oy u z c a p s u l e . T h e p r o j e c t , a n d i t s m e m o ra b l e h a n d s h a k e i n s p a c e , w a s a
s y m b o l o f   d é t e n t e  b e t w e e n t h e t w o s u p e r p o w e r s d u r i n g t h e   C o l d Wa r, a n d i t is g e n e ra l ly c o n s i d e r e d t o m a r k t h e
e n d o f t h e   S p a c e Ra c e, w h i c h h a d b e g u n in 1 9 5 7 w i t h t h e S o v i e t U n i o n ' s l a u n c h o f  S p u t n i k 1.
 Space Shuttle Program
The Space Shuttle program  was the fourth human spacefl ight program carried out by
the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished
routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011. Its offi cial
name, Space Transportation System  (STS), was taken from a 1969 plan for  
a system of reusable spacecraft of which it was the only item funded for development.
 Shtle-Mir-Program

The Shuttle–Mir program was a collaborative 11-mission space program between

Russia and the United States that involved American  Space Shuttles visiting the
Russian space station Mir, Russian cosmonauts fl ying on the Shuttle, and an
American astronaut fl ying aboard a  Soyuz spacecraf t to engage in long-duration
expeditions aboard Mir.
 International Space program
The   In te r n ation al Sp ac e St at io n   (ISS ) is a   mo du la r  s pa c e st a ti o n  (h ab it ab le  a r t ifi c ia l sa te l lit e) i n 
l o w Ea r t h o r bi t. It i s a mu lt in a ti o na l c o ll ab o rat i ve pr o jec t i nvo lvin g fi ve p ar t ic ip at in g s pa ce ag en c ies :  
NAS A  (Un it e d Sta te s ),  Ro s c os mo s ( Rus s ia ),   JAXA  (Jap an ),  E SA  (Eu ro pe ), a nd  C SA  (C a na da ).  Th e
o wn er sh ip a n d us e o f t h e sp ac e s t at io n is e s ta bl is he d by i nt er gove rn men t al t re at i es an d ag re eme n ts .
[9]
  The st at i on se r ves as a   mi c ro grav ity a n d   sp ac e e nvir on me n t  re se a rc h l ab o rat o r y in wh ic h  
sc i en t ifi c re s ea rc h i s c o n du ct e d in  a s tr o bi o lo gy,  a st ro n o my,   met e o ro lo gy,  p hy si cs, a n d o th er fi e ld s.
 Commercial Crew Program
The Commercial Crew Program  (CCP) provides  commercially-operated crew transpo r tation ser vice
 to and from the  International Space Station (ISS) under contract to   NAS A, conducting crew
rotatio ns between the   expeditions of the Internatio nal Space Station program. American 
aerospace manufacturer SpaceX  began providing ser vice in 2020, using the  Crew Dragon spacecraf t,
and NASA plans to add   Boeing when its  Boeing Starliner spacecraf t becomes operational some time
af ter 2022.
 Artemis Program

The Artemis program  is a United States-led international human spacefl ight program.

Its primary goal is to return humans to the  Moon, specifi cally the  lunar south pole, by
2025. If successful, it will include the fi rst crewed lunar landing mission since  Apollo 17
 in 1972, the last lunar fl ight of the  Apollo program.
Outer Space Adventures By
ISRO