Indian Judicial System

Art Integration Project

Legal studies
INDIAN JUDICIAL SYSTEM

§ INDIAN JUDICIAL SYSTEM is a single integrated system.

§ The Constitution of India divides into the Indian
Judiciary  superior judiciary (The Supreme Court and
The High Courts) and the subordinate judiciary  The
Lower Courts under the control  of the High Courts).
§  The types of INDIAN JUDICIAL SYSTEM are:
§ 1) The Supreme Court of India.
§ 2)The High Courts.
§ 3) Subordinate Courts at District, Municipal and
Village Levels.
THE SUPREME
COURT 
OF INDIA

§ The Supreme Court is the highest

court in a country or state.
§  The Highest Judicial tribunal in a
political unit (such as a nation or
state).
§ The Supreme Court has 3 Powers:
1) Cases affecting Ambassador 
2) Public Ministers and Consuls 
3) Cases of Admiralty and Maritime  
HIGH COURT
§ High Court usually refers to the Superior Court of a country or state.
§ A person who presides as a Judge in such a court called a High Court Judge.
§ There are 24 High Courts in India, three having control over more than one
State.
§ Among the Union Territories Delhi alone has a High Court of its own.
§ Each High Court has power of superintendence over all Courts within
its Jurisdiction.
§ The President appoints the Chief Justice of a High Court on the advice of
the Chief Justice of Supreme Court and the Governed State.
 DISTRICT
COURT
 District Courts of India are presided over by
a judge. 
 District Courts render justice at the district level. 
These Courts are entitled to exercise all sorts of
judicial  powers which extend to granting
capital punishment to convicts.​
 There are 544 District Courts in India. ​
 The District Court hears criminal cases, domestic
related cases and civil cases.​
 There are 2 types of District Courts:​
1. Civil Courts ​
2. Criminal Courts ​
VILLAGE COURTS/
GRAM NYAYALYA
 Gram Nyayalayas are mobile Village
Courts in India established
under Gram Nyayalayas Act,
2008 for speedy and easy access to
justice system in rural areas of India.
 Village Courts are also Gram
Nyayalayas.
 The Act mandated setting up of 5000
Village Courts till 2012, but only
172 have been set up, of these
only 152 are functional.
 Madhya Pradesh has the maximum
number of Gram Nyayalayas(Village
Courts).
 ROLE OF JUDGE
 The Judge is one of the key
player in criminal justice system.
 The Judge is like an umpire in a game
and conducts the trial impartially in
an open court.
 The Judge decides whether the accused
person is guilty or innocent on the basis
of the evidence presented and in
accordance with the law.
 The Judge has five major duties:
1. Listen to witness testimony.
2. Rule on the admissibility of evidence.
3. Instruct the jury.
4. Question witnesses. 
5. Inform defendants of their rights.
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND.
ROLE OF LAWYER
§ The primary duty of the Lawyer is to inform the court as to the law and facts of the case and
to aid the Court to do justice by arriving at correct conclusion.
§ Since the Court acts on the basis of what is presented by the advocates, the advocates are under
the obligation to be absolutely fair to the Court.
§ He must always act in the best interests of his clients and should not do any kind of
act that betrays their trust upon him. 
§ All the Duties, Ethics and Morals help an advocate to be in a better position in his career and
become a successful lawyer.

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC.

MOCK COURTS
• Teams of students prepare and present the trial
from the perspectives of both the prosecution and
the defense.
• Mock Trial team members play different roles,
including trial attorneys, pretrial motion attorneys,
witnesses, clerks, and bailiffs.
• Distribute Mock Trial material to the students
• Try to match the trial to the skills
and sophistication of your students.
• Students should be selected to play attorneys and
witnesses and the form groups to assist each 
 Presentation By --
•Parth Aggarwal 
THANK YOU •X1-A2
•111221