EVENT TREE

ANALYSIS &
FAULT TREE
BS 7th Semester

ANALYSIS
  Reverse analysis that begins from system failure

FAULT  Graphical tool to explore the causes of system level failures

 Deductive logic that proceeds from top to bottom to identify the
TREE
component level failure
ANALYSIS
 Identification of combination of failures which are otherwise
ignored
 Top event is the hazard, it is linked to basic or root cause event
through intermediate events using logic gates and event symbols
 Probability of occurrence of event is determined, either
qualitatively or quantitatively
 Systematic examination of various materials, personnel, and
environmental factors influencing the rate of system failure are
identified
 EVENT TREE ANALYSIS
 Forward analysis that begins with component failure
 Quantifies the possible consequences
 An initiating event of interest is identified (e.g. through HAZOP)
 Identifies the safety functions designed to deal with initiating event (hazard)
 Event sequence is influenced either by the success or failure of safety
functions/system
 The probability of success or failure of each safety intervention is used to determine
the overall probability of final outcome.
 Used for risk assessment of any system, for identifying areas of improvement in
protection system and other safety functions.
 Steps involved in ETA
Following steps are involved in ETA:

 Identify (and define) a relevant accidental event (What type of incident it is, where it can take
place, when can it occur; e.g. during normal operations, while maintenance etc.)

 Identify the barriers that are designed to deal with the accidental event (fire protection system)

 Describe the (potential) resulting intermediate events/action which resulted from the initiating
event

 Each intermediate event leads to two branches, one for a successful, and the other for an unsuccessful
operation.

 Calculate the probabilities/frequencies for the identified consequences (outcomes)

 Compile and present the results from the analysis