Chap 7:

health
 Instructions in this chap:
Part 1: Part 2:
Verb + Object + Infinitive Reflexive Pronouns
Modal Verb: Should, Had better, Have to, Tag Questions
and Must

Part 3:
Relative Clauses

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 1:
Verb + Object + Infinitive
 a) Want ask expect help mean (= intend) would like
would prefer

There are two possible structrures after these verbs:

S + verb + to + infinitive S + verb + object + to + infinitive

Ex: I asked to see the manager. Ex: I asked Tom to help me.
We expected to be late. We expected him to be late.
He would like to come. He would like me to come.

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  After help you can use the infinitive with or
without “to”:
- Can somebody help me (to) move this
table?
 Be especially careful with want. Do not say 'want

that...’:
-Everyone wanted him to win the race. (not
'wanted that he won")
-Do you want me to come early? (not 'want
that I come")
 Tell force invite enable teach (how)
b) Persuade get (- persuade) remin order warn

These verbs have the structure: S + verb + object + to + infinitiv

Ex: Remind me to phone Ex: Who taught you

Ann tomorrow. (how) to drive?
Ex: He warned me not Ex: I got Jack to
to touch anything. repair my car.

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Here is an example in the passive:
- I was warned not to touch anything.

You CANNOT use suggest with this structure:

- Tom suggested that I bought a car.
(“not Tom suggested me to buy”)

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c) Advise recommend encourage allow permit

There are two possble structure after these verbs. Compare:

verb + -ing (without an object)
Ex: He doesn't allow smoking in his
house.
Ex: I wouldn't recommend staying
at that hotel.
verb + object + to + infinitive
Ex: He doesn't allow anyone to smoke
in his house.
Ex: I wouldn't recommend you to
stay at that hotel.
 d) Make and let
These verbs have the structure:
 verb +infinitive (without to):
Ex: Hot weather makes me feel
uncomfortable. (- causes me to
feel)
Ex: I only did it because they
made me do it. (= forced me to do
it)
Ex: She wouldn't let me read the
letter. (= allow me to read)
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 Remember that make and let have
the infinitive without to:
Ex: They made me do it. (not 'they
made me to do it’)
Ex:Tom let me drive his car yesterday.
(not 'Tom let me to drive")
 But in the passive make has the
infinitive with to:
Ex: Lonly did it because I was made
to do it.
.
 better, Have to,
and Must
There is a small difference between
how we use the semi-modal verb had
better compared to other modal verbs
like have to/must or should. 

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 Should, Had better, Have
to, and Must
had better = used should = used for
for strong advice give advice (not as
strong as the
words above)
have to = used for
must = used for
strong advice,
strong advice,
obligations, and rules
obligation, and rules

Note: Had better is used to give strong advice. However, had better is only

used when there is the threat (risk) of danger if you do not follow the
advice. Here are some examples. 10
 Positive
sentences
• You had better brush your teeth. 
(The danger: If you don’t, may have teeth problems.)
• You have to brush your teeth. 
(This is an obligation. It doesn’t suggest a danger.)

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• You must brush your teeth. 
(This is an obligation. It doesn’t suggest a danger.)
• You should brush your teeth.
(This is just advice. You are saying it would be a good idea.)
Negative Sentences:
You must not touch the alligator.
 (This is a rule.)
You do not have to touch the alligator. 
(The modal have to in a negative
sentence means something is not necessary
(but still an option). It doesn’t make sense
here.) 13
You should not the alligator.
 (This is advice)
You had better not totouchuch the
alligator.
 (The danger: If you do, it will bite you.)

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Note: Because had better is
used only when there
is a risk of danger, it
is not natural to use
it when nothing bad
will happen if the
advice isn’t followed.
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Want big impact? Use big image.

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Part 2: Reflexive Pronouns
A reflexive pronoun is a specific type of pronoun
that is used for the object of a verb when it
refers to the same noun as the subject of that
verb. In English, these are the pronouns that end
with “­self” or “­selves”: e.g., “himself,”
“myself,” “ourselves,” etc.
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The following can be considered a rule with
regards to reflexive pronouns:
If the object and the subject of a verb
are the same, use a reflexive pronoun for the
object. Otherwise, do not use one.

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 herself
herself
myself
ourselves
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herself
yourself
himself
Themselves
myself 22
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The woman is buying
carrot juice for herself

The man is looking

at himself in the
mirror
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They are introducing
themselves

They are ejnoying

themselves
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He is weighing by
himself

He hurted himself
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He is promising himself

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A tag question is a special construction in
English. It is a statement followed by a
mini-question. We use tag questions to ask
for confirmation. They mean something
like: "Is that right?" or "Do you agree?"
They are very common in English.
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 No, I don’t
Yes, it is
Yes, they are

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Yes, he does
No, we aren’t
Yes, I were
Yes, we did
Yes, I do
Yes, she will
Yes, he does
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we it
he
they
you

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 wasn’t
didn’t did
aren’t
are
am
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 didn’t you
won’t you shouldn’t we
don’t we
can’t you are you
aren’t you
am I isn’t it