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CONTACT TRACING TRAINING

(COVID-19)

Disclaimer: The topics discussed in this presentation are a combination of general principles, draft and existing policies circulated for guidance to implementers.
The document can be modified as needed based on the need per area and target audience. As a request, kindly cite the organizations and offices listed below
whenever you will be planning to use this presentation.

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Department of Health, Philippines
Training Objectives

At the end of the activity, the participants will be able to:


 Discuss contact tracing, its definition, goals, steps and
identify contact tracing members;
 Identify the forms used in surveillance and contact tracing
 Identify and enumerate the indicators of the Temporary
Treatment and Monitoring Facilities;
 Enumerate the flow of reporting to the CHD SOCCSKSAREN
Region;

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Department of Health, Philippines
Training Content

• Module 1: Contact Tracing Basic Course Overview


• Module 2: Data Management
-Forms (CIF, Close Contact Line List)
-COVIDKAYA Information System
-Temporary Treatment and Monitoring
Facility (TTMF)
• Module 3: Flow of Reporting

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Department of Health, Philippines
Training Methodology

• Lecture
• Discussion
• Audio-Visual Presentation

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Department of Health, Philippines
Module 1:
DEFINITION, GOALS AND STEPS
IN CONTACT TRACING
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Department of Health, Philippines
Contact Tracing is a monitoring process

 People in close contact with someone who is infected with a virus, such as
the COVID-19, are at higher risk of becoming infected themselves, and of
potentially further infecting others.

 Closely watching these contacts after exposure to an infected person will


help the contacts to get care and treatment and will prevent further
transmission of the virus.

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Department of Health, Philippines
Goals of Contact Tracing

 To interrupt ongoing transmission and reduce spread of an infection

 To alert contacts to the possibility of infection and offer preventive


counseling or prophylactic care

 To offer diagnosis, counseling and treatment to already infected individuals

 If the infection is treatable, to help prevent re-infection of the originally


infected patient

 To learn about the epidemiology of a disease in a particular population

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Department of Health, Philippines
Relevance of contacts in novel diseases and outbreaks

 Contact Tracing is…


• used for control of endemic diseases, it is also a critical tool for investigating
new diseases or unusual outbreaks

• used to determine if suspect cases are linked to known cases of the disease,


and to determine if secondary transmission is taking place in a particular
community.

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Department of Health, Philippines
Local Contact Tracing Team
Structure
STEERING COMMITEE:
Lead: City/Municipal Health Officer
At least 1 trained contact tracing personnel for every 800 population
At least 1 active BHERT for every 1000 individuals
Co-Lead: City/Municipal PNP
BHERTS: LCCT Members Functions
Steering • Mobilization of resources needed for contact tracing
-Executive Officer Committee •Completeness and correctness of contact tracing data
-Barangay Tanod •Coordination between C/MESUs and BHERTs
-2 Health Workers
Augmented by: BHERTs On patient Navigation:
-Physicians •Home visits
•Report cases back to LGU
-Nurses On Contact Tracing:
-Midwives •Home visits to trace close contacts
-Sanitary Inspectors •Health education to close contacts
-Population Officers •Collect close contact profiles
-BFP staff •Classify close contacts and assess risk level of exposure
•Monitor close contacts under home quarantine
-P/C/MDRRMO Staff
-Volunteers
Who is a Close Contact?

Date when confirmed case first had a Date when


sign or symptom confirmed case
(Fever, cough, respiratory signs and declared as
symptoms) RECOVERED
OR tested positive (if asymptomatic)

2 days before
onset
0 XX Days after onset of illness

Close Contacts:
Individuals who cared for, lived, worked, travelled, and transacted with confirmed COVID-19 case during
this time period

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Department of Health, Philippines
Close Contact?
1. Face to face contact with a confirmed case within 1 meter and for more
than 15 minutes. (was with a confirmed case in an enclosed space for at
least 2 hours)
2. Direct physical contact with a confirmed case.
3. Direct care for a patient with probable or confirmed COVID-19 disease
without using a proper personal protective equipment.

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Department of Health, Philippines
Understanding Contact Tracing
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Department of Health, Philippines
Contact Tracing Process at the local level
Reported Assess for the
ONLY Home-based
Suspect/ following: Quarantine and for
Identify PNP with Local
Confirmed 1.Presence of daily monitoring
contacts Health Authorities
COVID-19 YES sign or
(ESU) generate the
Case symptom
list of close
2.Identify if
contacts, locate Home-based Quarantine +
Close contact is a COVID-19 Testing
them, further
Contact? health worker
identify and profile
other close
Health Facility
contacts and Isolation
Provide information classify as follows: +
on infection COVID-19 Testing
NO
prevention and
control *Algorithm for close contact definition, assessment,
testing and referral in following slides
Contact Tracing Team
DOH-CHD Local Government Unit
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Department of Health, Philippines
Three Basic Steps in Contact Tracing
1. Contact identification: Once someone is considered as a suspect case,
contacts are identified by asking about the person’s activities and the
activities and roles of the people around them since onset of illness. Contacts
can be anyone who has been exposed to an infected person: family members,
work colleagues, friends, or health care providers, and the community.
2. Contact listing/profiling: All persons considered to have contact with the
infected person should be listed as contacts. Efforts should be made to
identify every listed contact and to inform them of their contact status, what
it means, the actions that will follow, and the importance of receiving early
care if they develop symptoms. Contacts should also be provided with
information about prevention of the disease. In some cases, quarantine or
isolation is required for close contacts either at home, or in hospital.
3. Contact follow-up: Regular follow-up should be conducted with all contacts
to monitor for symptoms possible for COVID-19
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Department of Health, Philippines
Step 1: Case Investigation and Contact Identification
KEY CONSIDERATION
 Laboratory confirmation should not delay the initiation of contact tracing
 Case and contact interviews should be conducted in a safe and conducive
environment to establish trust and rapport between the team, case, family
and community.
 The members of the Investigation Team should be persons trained in contact
tracing, and interviewing (e.g., actively listen, know how to ask probing
questions, show empathy, adjust the interview based on the case’s or family
members’ emotional state, etc.).
 Probing questions should be dependent on the culture and local
customs/activities in the area and should focus on the period when the case
developed symptoms.

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Department of Health, Philippines
 Questions should be designed to elicit the names of:
• People with direct physical and sexual contact
• All people who lived with the case (alive or deceased) since symptom onset in the
same household
• All people who visited the case (alive or deceased) since symptom onset (e.g., at
home, healthcare facility)
• All places the case visited since symptom onset (e.g., work, pharmacy, place of
worship, extended family, traditional healers)
• All healthcare facilities visited by the case and all healthcare workers who cared for
the case
• In the event that the case is a healthcare worker, all patients and colleagues of this
healthcare worker.
• In the event that the case has died, all persons who had contact with the deceased
person, including those who attended burial ceremonies
• Anyone else who might have been exposed to the case

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Department of Health, Philippines
 It may be helpful to use a calendar or specific dates, such as local holidays, to help
potential cases recall activities.
 When COVID-19 cases are first notified of their status, fear can inhibit their ability to recall
persons with whom they have had contact. Including psychosocial support staff on the
Investigation Team may help to reassure the case, and thereby facilitate contact
identification.
 During initial contact tracing, it may be helpful to split the Investigation Team so that one
group focuses on healthcare contacts and one focuses on community contacts. However, it
is important to maintain strong communication between teams, and to remember that
there may be overlap between community and healthcare contacts.
 Finding all contacts can be a logistical challenge. Common difficulties include: contacts
without addresses, locations with no street names, use of personal nicknames, countries
with no national identification program (e.g., no licenses, or birth certificates). Some
solutions to these problems have included engaging community leaders to help find where
contacts live and enlisting the help of cell phone companies to track contacts through
Global Positioning Systems (e.g. STAYSAFE, google map, GIS, etc).

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Department of Health, Philippines
Step 2: Contact Listing / Profiling
 Any person considered to have had a potential COVID-19 exposure  and
meeting the contact definition criteria should be listed as a contact,
using the Close Contact Line Listing Form [Annex C]  

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Department of Health, Philippines
KEY CONSIDERATION
 The first meeting with a contact is critical. It should be conducted by an
Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit (ESU) staff and preferably in
conjunction with psychosocial support. It is essential that trust is built
during this meeting. To facilitate this, the Contact Follow-up Team that
will be assigned to the contact should ideally be introduced during this
meeting so that the contact knows who will be visiting them.

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Department of Health, Philippines
 The process of informing the contact of their status can be traumatizing
and should be done with tact and empathy.
• Avoid using alarming information, such as “COVID-19 has no
treatment” or “COVID-19 has a high case fatality rate”.
• Focus on the benefits of being a contact:
• Symptoms do not necessarily mean they have COVID-19 but the system
allows them access to immediate medical care and prompt COVID-19
testing, as per protocol.
• If they are COVID-19 positive, they get immediate treatment, which can
increase the chance of survival.
• If they are COVID-19 negative, they will get the testing and medical care
they need, as available

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Department of Health, Philippines
 Reduce the risk of infecting family, neighbors, community, etc.
 Critical role in breaking the chain of transmission in their
community/region

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Department of Health, Philippines
Step 3: Contact Follow-up
 The Contact Follow-up Team performs contact follow-up through daily visits
with the contact at a predetermined location and time. Contact Follow-up
Teams should ideally be assigned to the same contact for all 14 days of
follow-up.
 During the daily visits, Contact Follow-up Teams will evaluate the health
status of the contact by direct observation and by asking at least the
following two questions: 1) How are you feeling? 2) Have you had a fever or
other signs and symptoms? This information should be recorded on the
COVID-IS Close Contact Tab – Follow up function.

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Department of Health, Philippines
KEY CONSIDERATION
 It is essential that the Contact Follow-up Team work to build rapport with the contact in the
first few meetings. Building trust with contact is essential.
 Contacts who are not seen by the Contact Follow-up Team should be identified and
prioritized until they are found.
 A contact may be unwilling to continue the follow-up process so that he or she can maintain
activities of daily living. Discourage contacts to go to work or engage in any activities that will
put other and him/herself at risk. Measures that can be used to overcome this pressure
include:
• Engage community leaders about the importance of the follow-up process and ask for their
support.
• Work with psychosocial workers and social mobilization teams so that they can provide mental
and psychosocial support.
• Explore local solutions to adapt to needs of the community (e.g., create incentives to participate).
Note that if these are offered, people who are not actually contacts may come forward.
• Provide basic supplies such as food, water, soap, and buckets.

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Department of Health, Philippines
 Managing of contacts who developed symptoms of COVID-19
• Contact tracer will inform the local epidemiology and surveillance (LESU) staff
and initiate testing then repeat the process.
 Contact Discharge
• Contacts should be seen and interviewed on the 14th day of follow-up and, in
the absence of any symptoms compatible with COVID-19, the contacts can be
discharged from the contact follow-up process. Contacts who have not been
seen on day 14 require priority follow-up daily until they are found. No contact
can be discharged from follow-up without having been seen and evaluated on
the 14th day or later.

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Department of Health, Philippines
What to Prepare Prior to Interview or monitor

 List of close contacts for assessment and/or monitoring


 Profile of confirmed case (full name, date of onset of illness or sample was
collected, travel history, list of close contacts)
 Monitoring team to monitor possible symptoms that may manifest during
the period of isolation or quarantine. This will be done daily.
 Copy of required forms
 Paper to jot down or means to document the information
 Additional equipment for monitoring team will be thermometer
 DO NOT USE A RECORDER to document the interview
 A Calendar (for initial and next visits)

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Department of Health, Philippines
What to Do During the Interview and monitor

 Introduce yourself and the agency you are from


 Validate that you are calling the correct individual
 Explain the purpose of the call
 Document permission to proceed with the interview
 Complete information in the Close Contact Profile Form
 Provide the following information:
• Provide information about the disease and preventive measures
• If he shall be tested or not
• Quarantine vs Isolation
• Who will contact then for the daily monitoring. Tell them that their temperature will be
checked daily
• Office and number the close contact may call for additional queries
 Thank them for the interview
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Department of Health, Philippines
What to Do After the Interview

 Encode the information


 Check and report which close contacts were traced and assessed
 For close contacts not traced or assessed, who and why
• Cannot contact the individual because number was incorrect, not answered,
call rejected, etc.
• If close contact refused the interview, note reason for refusal

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Department of Health, Philippines
Appropriate PPE for Contact Tracing

 Staff who will interview Confirmed/Suspect cases through phone/video


calls: NO PPE needed
 Staff who will interview Confirmed cases in person: surgical masks, social
distancing at least 1 meter, conduct outside/open areas as possible and
confirmed cases should wear surgical mask.
 Staff who will interview asymptomatic contacts of COVID-19: surgical
masks, social distancing at least 1 meter, conduct outside/open areas as
possible
 Staff who will interview asymptomatic contacts of COVID-19 (enter
household): surgical masks, social distancing at least 1 meter, noncontact
thermometer, avoid touching anything in the household.

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Department of Health, Philippines
Module 2:
DATA MANAGEMENT IN CONTACT
TRACING
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Department of Health, Philippines
Form A:

Case Investigation Form


2019 Coronavirus Disease (CoViD-19)

Guidelines in Filling Out

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Department of Health, Philippines
▪ ▪Write the house number, lot name,
For a municipality, specify the legal name of
▪▪ andWrite
Write thenumerical
the
building name
name,of as
the street
code where
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applicable.administrative
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▪ Ex. Ex. abc@xyz.com
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Emmanuel, Jr. OR Juan, III
Ex.
3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau
Philippines,
institution,USA, Italy, UK 40
Department of Health, Philippines
▪ Write the complete name of the employer.
▪ Write the occupation of theofcase. Occupation
where refers to the
▪ An employer is a▪ person,
Specify the name
company, the place
or organization. the case is employed
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is a person, write his or her full name in this
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format (First name, Middle Name or at least Middle Initial,
as written in Annex A.
Surname)
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who
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legal name of the province.
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available.
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building, apartment, school, church, mall, shopping center,
the company.
sports
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If an employer is an organization, write the duly registered name
center, commercial
Epidemiology
3/9/22 of Bureaucenter, etc.
the organization.
Department of Health, Philippines
41
• Travel history refers ▪to history of travel,
Port of exit refersvisitto theor work
country in other
of departure.
countries with a known ▪ COVID-19 transmission
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name refers
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usually
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in to Philippines.
4 digits
case has a travel history within 14 days prior to onset of illness or
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date of consultation/admission InVessel
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number or vessel number.
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Airline vessel refers to the name the date
of the flight carrierin the
(Ex: form MM/DD/YYYY
Philippine Airlines, Cebu Pacific, etc.).

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Department of Health, Philippines
▪ Write the name of the people who had in contact with the case.
▪ Write the contact number of the contacts of the case.
▪ The list of the contacts is not limited into three only. Use the back
▪ Exposure parthistory
o the Case • If
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informant and he or she
temporarily write unknown but update the information once the case or
cannot provide a detailed exposure history. Temporarily, check this but update the
a more reliable informant is available.
Epidemiology Bureau
detailsDepartment
3/9/22 once the case, or a more reliable informant, is available.
of Health, Philippines
43
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Department of Health, Philippines
▪ Put a check on the space ( ) before the word Yes, if there is
▪ Put any historyonofthe
a check other spaceillnesses.
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o

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Cough
▪ ▪Put Sorea check
throat on ( ) Unknown, if disposition is unknown (case not interviewed)
▪ Colds
▪ Shortness/difficulty of breathing
3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau 45
Department of Health, Philippines
▪ The type of specimen can either only be a
serum, oropharyngeal/ nasopharyngeal
swab, or others.
▪ Identify the type of the submitted
specimen by putting a check on the space
▪ During the time when the CIF was ( )conceived,
provide. only RITM was the reference laboratory
▪ Write
providing confirmatory ▪the
testing forresult of the test on the space provided.
COVID-19.
If the response is others, specify the type
▪ Currently, subnational ▪ andTestother
resultpublic
can either be positive
and private or negative
laboratories haveonly.
been accredited by
of specimen by writing on the remaining
the▪ Department
If specimen of ▪ There
collection
Health. wasmay be specimen/s
done, write the datemarked by the laboratory as “not fit for
▪ Regardless whether spacethe in the field. submitted the specimen to RITM or to
hospital
of specimen
▪ Regardless whether collection testing”. Please
on the indicate
allotted space so if this was noted.
another laboratory, specify in the allotted space (or
the hospital submitted the specimen to RITM to__/
__/ another
__) the date
( __/ __/ __)
laboratory, specifyfor eachthe ▪ date
This
typedata should becollected
ofsubmission
of specimen updated
of the after release
specimen in the of result space
allotted using the COVID
3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau when the specimen is received in the laboratory. 46
Department of Health, PhilippinesKaya app
3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau 47
Department of Health, Philippines
Close Contact Line list Form Contact detail(s) or number(s) of
the close contact
Unique ID either IS generated or manually
generated

Specified
Last Name: Surname of the close contact gender at
First Name: Give Name of the close contact the time of
Middle Name: close contact mother’s maiden birth
name
Present age Date of first With or
of the close exposure of the without
contact close contact to a symtoms
known suspect (Yes or No
The date of birth of the close contact COVID-19 case:
Month (First) Month (First)
Present place of residence of the close Day (Second)
contact - Suggested to be written in this Day (Second)
Year (Third) Year (Third)
manner:
MUNCITY, Barangay, Purok/Zone/Street,
number (if any)

3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau 48


Department of Health, Philippines
3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau 49
Department of Health, Philippines
3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau 50
Department of Health, Philippines
3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau 51
Department of Health, Philippines
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Department of Health, Philippines
Health Care Worker Risk Assessment

 Done for health care workers who cared for or attended to a confirmed
case
 Forms\Form_HealthCareWorker_WHO-2019-nCov-HCW_risk_assessment-
2020.1-eng (1).pdf

3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau 53


Department of Health, Philippines
Who is a Health Worker Who was at High Risk?
 DID NOT ALWAYS:
• Use PPE
• Remove and replace PPE according to protocol
• Perform hand hygiene before and after touching a COVID-19
patient or the patient’s surroundings, performing procedures, and
exposure to body fluid
• Decontaminate high-touch surfaces frequently

 Had any accident with biological material

3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau 54


Department of Health, Philippines
Algorithm for the
Identification,
Assessment, and
Management of Close
Contacts

3/9/22 Epidemiology Bureau 55


Department of Health, Philippines
Module 3:
FLOW OF REPORTING
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Department of Health, Philippines
Reports
 Temporary Treatment and Monitoring Facility (TTMF)
Tracker;
 COVIDKAYA App;
 Contact Tracing Report

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Philippines 75
Department of Health, Philippines
CONTACT TRACING TEAMS:
LGU STAFF,PNP,BFP + DOH-HRH

To be reported: MESU/CESU

TTMF Tracker Person responsible:


DMO IV
COVID KAYA App- update for MHO/CHO  Coordinate with
cases LGU STAFF + PHA LESUs
Contact Tracing Report  Consolidate the data
from LESUs
 Analyze the
consolidated data
PESU  Make
recommendation out
DMO V of the consolidated
Person responsible: data
PHO  Report to the next
LGU STAFF + PHA higher level

RESU ARD

EB

3/9/22 Epidemiology
Department of Health,Bureau
Philippines 76
Department of Health, Philippines
DOH Provincial Health City Health
Hospitals Offices Offices PDOHO

DILG 12 RESU 12

RTF RIATF 12 CHD 12 EOC

OCD12
FICT-VisMin EB
3/9/22 Epidemiology
Department of Health,Bureau
Philippines 77
Department of Health, Philippines
Actions
 Good coordination with partners to yield a harmonized
data;
 Submit verified and complete data and reports to the
responsible offices/agencies on a daily basis;
 Submission of daily data and reports to the DOH
National Office by DOH CHD SOCCSKSARGEN Region.

3/9/22 Epidemiology
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Philippines 78
Department of Health, Philippines
QUESTIONS???

3/9/22 Epidemiology
Department of Health,Bureau
Philippines 79
Department of Health, Philippines

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