UNEMPLOYMENT AND

UNDEREMPLOYMENT
 DEFINE
• UNEMPLOYMENT
 UNEMPLOYMENT
• Unemployment is a term referring to
individuals who are employable and seeking a
job but are unable to find a job. Furthermore,
it is those people in the workforce or pool of
people who are available for work that does
not have an appropriate job.
 DEFINE
• UNDEREMPLOYMENT
 UNDEREMPLOYMENT
• Underemployment occurs when a person does
not work full time or takes a job that does not
reflect their actual training and financial
needs. That is, their job doesn't use all their
skills and education, or provides less than full
time work. This is not the same as
unemployment.
 CONDITION
- The unemployment rate in the Philippines
jumped to 10.0 percent in the September
quarter 2020 from 5.4 percent in the same
quarter a year earlier, amid the economic
downturn caused by the coronavirus crisis.
 CONDITION
• Underemployment rate, the proportion of
those already employed but still wanting more
work dropped further to 14.8 percent, from
15.6 percent in January 2019.
 GOVERNMENT AGENCY AND
GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITY
• DOLE OR DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND
EMPLOYMENT
- With the Filipino workforce at the center of the
DOLE’s strategic goals to be gainfully employed,
globally competitive, secure, safe and healthy,
the Department prioritizes the delivery of the
following services and implementation of their
corresponding programs and projects:
• Job Search Assistance Services for Wage
Employment to increase the number of job
seekers placed through various employment
exchange facilities (i.e., Public Employment
Service Office, Private Recruitment and
Placement Agencies, Contractors and Sub-
Contractors, Phil-Jobnet, Employment Kiosks)
and career advocacy.
• The Department also facilitates the
deployment of overseas Filipino workers
(OFWs) in partnership with the private sector
and other stakeholders, in countries which
guarantee protection through active
participation in high-level/technical marketing
missions.
• Through the Department’s Philippine Overseas
Employment Administration (POEA), intensive
market intelligence work in collaboration with
Philippine embassies, foreign embassies and
the private sector in locating high value
employment opportunities and at the same
time identify new/emerging markets are being
undertaken.
• The Department is also actively participating
in the forging of bilateral agreements that can
offer new and decent jobs to OFWs;
encouraging the visit of foreign governments
and private employers’ delegations to the
Philippines; and in strengthening linkages with
the education, training and medical fitness
sectors to generate the right quality and
quantity of workers needed by the overseas
labor markets.
STATISTICS RELATED TO THE ISSUE
 COMPARISON IN OTHER
COUNTRIES
• The unemployment rate in the Philippines and
other countries is defined as the number of
unemployed people as percent of the labor
force. The labor force includes the people who
are either employed or unemployed, i.e. who
don't have a job but are actively looking for
one. The labor force does not include people
who are not looking for work, children, and
the retired.
• Ranking:
• Hawaii had the highest unemployment rate in
September 2020, 15.1 percent, followed by
Nevada, 12.6 percent. Nebraska had the
lowest rate, 3.5 percent, followed by South
Dakota, 4.1 percent, and Vermont, 4.2
percent.
 Problems and issues
• UNEMPLOYMENT AND UNDEREMPLOYMENT
ARE BOTH CAUSES:

- Cause higher poverty levels

- Loss of income
- Reduces consumer demands
• This is pretty obvious since if one does not
work, he would natually not be able to get any
income. On the individual level, this is not so
serious, but on a larger scale, this can be very
problematic. People would be less willing and
able to purchase goods and services and they
would tend to purchase what they originally
consider inferior goods and hence may
experience the negative effects of loss in
income such as debt, and collectively bigger
problems such as increased povety rates and
lower standards of living due to lower