Amity School of Engineering & Technology

Amity School of Engineering and Technology

1
 Aspects of IoT systems

• Scalability
• Role of cloud computing
• Big data
• Real time applications
• Heterogenous systems
• Highly distributed

2
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

Introduction to Cloud Computing

1. Introduction to Cloud Computing
2. Basics of cloud computing
3. Architecture: Layers of Cloud Computing
4. Types of cloud computing
5. Cloud Computing Features
6. Cloud Delivery Models
7. Security issues Cloud Computing
8. Advantages and disadvantages pros and cons, benefits
9. Deployment challenges Cloud service development
10.Cloud Computing Challenges
3
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing provides us a means by which we can
access the applications as utilities, over the Internet. It
allows us to create, configure, and customize applications
online.

4
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

What is Cloud?
1. The term Cloud refers to a Network or Internet. In other words, we can say that
Cloud is something, which is present at remote location.
2. Cloud can provide services over network, i.e., on public networks or on private
networks, i.e., WAN, LAN or VPN.
3. Applications such as e-mail, web conferencing, customer relationship
management (CRM),all run in cloud.

5
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

What is Cloud Computing?

Cloud Computing refers to manipulating, configuring, and accessing the
applications online. It offers online data storage, infrastructure and application.

6
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

History
The concept of Cloud Computing came into existence in 1950 with implementation of
mainframe computers, accessible via thin/static clients. Since then, cloud computing has
been evolved from static clients to dynamic ones from software to services.

7
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

Benefits of Cloud Computing

8
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

Benefits
Cloud Computing has numerous advantages. Some of them are listed below:

1. One can access applications as utilities, over the Internet.

2. Manipulate and configure the application online at any time.
3. It does not require to install a specific piece of software to access or
manipulate cloud application.
4. Cloud Computing offers online development and deployment tools,
programming runtime environment through Platform as a Service model.
5. Cloud resources are available over the network in a manner that provides
platform independent access to any type of clients.
6. Cloud Computing offers on-demand self-service. The resources can be
used without interaction with cloud service provider.
7. Cloud Computing is highly cost effective because it operates at higher
efficiencies with greater utilization. It just requires an Internet connection.
8. Cloud Computing offers load balancing that makes it more reliable
9
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

Risks of Cloud Computing

1. SECURITY & PRIVACY

 It is the biggest concern about cloud computing. Since data

management and infrastructure management in cloud is
provided by third-party, it is always a risk to handover the
sensitive information to such providers.
 Although the cloud computing vendors ensure more secure
password protected accounts, any sign of security breach
would result in loss of clients and businesses.

2. LOCK-IN

 It is very difficult for the customers to switch from one

Cloud Service Provider (CSP) to another. It results in
dependency on a particular CSP for service. 10
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

Risks of Cloud Computing

3. ISOLATION FAILURE

 This risk involves the failure of isolation mechanism that separates

storage, memory, routing between the different tenants.

4. MANAGEMENT INTERFACE COMPROMISE

 In case of public cloud provider, the customer management

interfaces are accessible through the Internet.

5. INSECURE OR INCOMPLETE DATA DELETION

 It is possible that the data requested for deletion may not get
deleted. It happens either because extra copies of data are stored
but are not available or disk destroyed also stores data from other
tenants.
11
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

Characteristics
ON DEMAND SELF-SERVICE
Cloud Computing allows the users to use web services and resources on
demand. One can logon to a website at any time and use them.
BROAD NETWORK ACCESS
Since Cloud Computing is completely web based, it can be accessed from
anywhere and at any time.
RESOURCE POOLING
Cloud Computing allows multiple tenants to share a pool of resources. One
can share single physical instance of hardware, database and basic
infrastructure.
RAPID ELASTICITY
It is very easy to scale up or down the resources at any time. Resources
used by the customers or currently assigned to customers are automatically
monitored and resources. It make it possible
MEASURED SERVICE
Service Models & Deployment Models

12
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

Deployment Models
1. PUBLIC CLOUD :The Public Cloud allows systems and services to be easily
accessible to the general public. Public cloud may be less secure because of its
openness, e.g., e-mail.

2. PRIVATE CLOUD :The Private Cloud allows systems and services to be

accessible within an organization. It offers increased security because of its
private nature.

3. COMMUNITY CLOUD : The Community Cloud allows systems and services

to be accessible by group of organizations.

4. HYBRID CLOUD :The Hybrid Cloud is mixture of public and private cloud.
However, the critical activities are performed using private cloud while the
non-critical activities are performed using public cloud.

13
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

SERVICE MODELS
Service Models are the reference models on which the Cloud Computing is
based. These can be categorized into three basic service models as listed
below:
1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3. Software as a Service (SaaS)

14
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

SERVICE MODELS
1. INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE (IAAS) : IaaS provides
access to fundamental resources such as physical machines, virtual
machines, virtual storage, etc.
2. PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PAAS) : PaaS provides the runtime
environment for applications, development & deployment tools,
etc.
3. SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SAAS) : SaaS model allows to use
software applications as a service to end users.

15
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY
MODELS
1. There are three elementary cloud service delivery
models which are denoted as SPI MODEL.

2. The term SPI is an acronym that stands for Software,

Platform and Infrastructure.

a) Software as a Service (SaaS)

b) Platform as a Service (PaaS)
c) Infrastructure as a Service model (IaaS)

22
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY
1. MODELS
Software as a Service (SaaS)

a) In the Software as a Service (SaaS) model, the client can access the provider’s
infrastructure through an interface. Most commonly used interfaces are web
browsers.
b) In this model a single instance on the service provider’s end supports multiple
access instants on the client’s side.
c) SaaS is closely related to the application service provider (ASP) and on
demand computing software delivery models. The hosted application
management model of SaaS is similar to ASP, where the provider hosts the
customer’s software and delivers it to approved end users over the internet.
d) Organizations can integrate SaaS applications with other software using
application programming interfaces (APIs). For example, a business can write
its own software tools and use the SaaS provider's APIs to integrate those tools
with the SaaS offering.

23
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS

 Advantages : SaaS removes the need for organizations to install and run applications on their
own computers or in their own data centers. This eliminates the expense of hardware
acquisition, provisioning and maintenance, as well as software licensing, installation and
support. Other benefits of the SaaS model include:

a) Flexible payments: Rather than purchasing software to install, or additional hardware to

support it, customers subscribe to a SaaS offering. Generally, they pay for this service on
a monthly basis using a pay-as-you-go model.

b) Scalable usage: Cloud services like SaaS offer high vertical scalability, which gives
customers the option to access more, or fewer, services or features on-demand.

c) Automatic updates: Rather than purchasing new software, customers can rely on a
SaaS provider to automatically perform updates and patch management. This further
reduces the burden on in-house IT staff.

d) Accessibility and persistence: Since SaaS applications are delivered over the Internet,
users can access them from any Internet-enabled device and location.

24
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY
 Disadvantages : MODELS
a) SaaS also poses some potential disadvantages. Businesses must rely
on outside vendors to provide the software, keep that software up and
running, track and report accurate billing and facilitate a secure
environment for the business' data.

b) Issues can arise when providers experience service disruptions,

impose unwanted changes to service offerings, or experience a
security breach, all of which can have a profound effect on the
customers' ability to use SaaS offerings.

c) To proactively mitigate these issues, customers should understand

their SaaS provider's service-level agreement, and make sure it is
enforced.
25
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS

2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)

a) In the platform as a service (PaaS), a development platform is offered as a service.

The platform enables clients to build their applications that run on the service
provider’s infrastructure.
b) The platform supports programming languages such as Python, Net and Java
among other support tools that enable the clients to create custom applications .
c) PaaS delivers a framework for
developers that they can build
upon and use to create customized
applications. All servers, storage,
and networking can be managed
by the enterprise or a third-party
provider while the developers
can maintain management of the
applications.

26
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS

 Advantages :
No matter the size of your company, using PaaS offers numerous advantages,
including:
a) Simple, cost-effective development and deployment of apps
b) Scalable
c) Highly available
d) Developers can customize apps without the headache of
maintaining the software
e) Significant reduction in the amount of coding needed
f) Automation of business policy
g) Easy migration to the hybrid model

27
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS

 Disadvantages:
a) Data security : Organizations can run their own apps and services using PaaS solutions,
but the data residing in third-party, vendor-controlled cloud servers poses security risks
and concerns.

b) Integrations: The complexity of connecting the data stored within an onsite data center
or off-premise cloud is increased, which may affect which apps and services can be
adopted with the PaaS offering.

c) Vendor lock-in: Business and technical requirements that drive decisions for a specific
PaaS solution may not apply in the future. If the vendor has not provisioned convenient
migration policies, switching to alternative PaaS options may not be possible without
affecting the business.

d) Runtime issues: In addition to limitations associated with specific apps and services,
PaaS solutions may not be optimized for the language and frameworks of your choice.

e) Examples of PaaS : Popular examples of PaaS include AWS Elastic Beanstalk,

Windows Azure, Heroku, Force.com, Google App Engine, and OpenShift.
28
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS

3. Infrastructure as a Service Model (IaaS)

a) For the Infrastructure as a service model (IaaS), the service provider

provides basic computing abilities to the clients.
b) The client gains control of the storage, networks, and other computing
capabilities by renting the services from the provider.
c) Though the customer has control over the storage system and operating
system, they do not control the overall cloud infrastructure.
d) IaaS clients are responsible for managing aspects such as applications,
runtime, OSes, middleware, and data.
e) However, providers of the IaaS manage the servers, hard drives,
networking, virtualization, and storage.
f) Some providers even offer more services beyond the virtualization layer,
such as databases or message queuing.

29
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS

 Advantages: IaaS offers many advantages, including:

a) The most flexible cloud computing model

b) Easy to automate deployment of storage, networking, servers, and

processing power

c) Hardware purchases can be based on consumption

d) Clients retain complete control of their infrastructure

e) Resources can be purchased as-needed

f) Highly scalable

30
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS

 IaaS Limitations and Concerns

a) Security : While the customer is in control of the apps, data, middleware, and the
OS platform, security threats can still be sourced from the host or other virtual
machines (VMs).

b) Internal resources and training : Additional resources and training may be

required for the workforce to learn how to effectively manage the infrastructure.
Customers will be responsible for data security, backup, and business continuity.

c) Multi-tenant security: Since the hardware resources are dynamically allocated

across users as made available, the vendor is required to ensure that other
customers cannot access data deposited to storage assets by previous customers.

d) Examples of IaaS : Popular examples of IaaS include DigitalOcean, Linode,

Rackspace, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Cisco Metacloud, Microsoft Azure, and
Google Compute Engine (GCE).
31
 Amity School of Engineering & Technology

CLOUD DELIVERY MODELS

32
• https://solutionsreview.com/cloud-platform
s/video-cloud-delivery-methods-explained/

27
 IoT cloud
• An IoT cloud is a massive network that supports IoT devices and
applications. This includes the underlying infrastructure, servers and
storage, needed for real-time operations and processing. An IoT
cloud also includes the services and standards necessary for
connecting, managing, and securing different IoT devices and
applications.
• Why?
• IoT clouds offer an efficient, flexible, and scalable model for
delivering the infrastructure and services needed to power IoT
devices and applications for businesses with limited resources. IoT
clouds offer on-demand, cost-efficient hyperscale so organizations
can leverage the significant potential of IoT without having to build
the underlying infrastructure and services from scratch.
• https://devopedia.org/iot-cloud-platforms

28
 IoT cloud
• IoT cloud platforms bring together capabilities of IoT devices and
cloud computing delivered as a end-to-end service. They are also
referred by other terms such as Cloud Service IoT Platform.
• In this age, where billions of devices are connected to the Internet,
we see increasing potential of tapping big data acquired from these
devices and processing them efficiently through various
applications.

29
Key features of IoT cloud 30
 Where does cloud fits in IoT?

here are two kinds of IoT software architectures:

•Cloud-centric: Data from IoT devices such as sensors
are streamed to a data centre where all the applications
that do the analytics and decision making are executed,
using real-time and past data from one or more sources.
Servers in the cloud control the edge devices too.
•Device-centric: All the data is processed in the device
(sensor nodes, mobile devices, edge gateways), with only
some minimal interactions with the cloud for firmware
updates or provisioning. Terms such Edge
Computing and Fog Computing are used in this case.

31
Cloud centric

32
Device centric

33