International Efforts for

Environment Protection
People recognized
that environment Carbon dioxide
was deteriorating & & other green
the natural
resources aware house gases
depleting due to started
developmental building up.
activities.

It became clear the

Large number
problems like
of species are Ozone Depletion or
facing the Global Warming
cannot be tackled
threat of at national level
extinction. alone.
 Sweden
The proposed
work to UN to
of Maritime
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All
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Greenpeace, organization
UN institution,
World
a large number
hold the Conference
International,
took
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up issued therelating
issues-
onor
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Wildlife
National Fund,
organizations
Human
of NGO’s:
pollution
regulating
environmental
engaged
Friends
wildlife
oceans
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conservation
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environment
Environemnt,S Earth
a narrow
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1972.
 United Nation’s Conference on Human Environment, 1972

Held in 1972 at Stockholm.

It marked the beginning of organized international efforts for comprehensive

programme to safeguard environment while also promoting economic development.

Two strategies emerged:

1) The principle & action plan were evolved for controlling & regulating human
environment.

2) Institutional & financial arrangements were proposed for achieving the goal for
regulating human environment. This has been called the “Magna Carta” on environment.
General Assembly’s Resolution of December,1972
Charter of Economic Rights & Duties of States,1974

It is a document of UN.

One of its articles states that:

“The protection ,preservation & the enhancement of the

environment for the present & future generations is the
responsibility of all states. All states have the responsibility to
ensure that the activities within their jurisdiction or control do
not cause damage to the environment of other States or of
areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. All states
should cooperate in evolving international norms & regulation
in the field of environment”
UN- Habitat Conference on
Human Settlement in
Vancouver , Canada in 1976

World Water Conference in

Mardel Plata,Argentina in
1977.

UN Desertification
Conference in Nairobi in
1977.

Paris Conference-1986
“saving trees & forests”.
Environmental
Environmental education –
UNEP-
1977
matter UNEP
of United
life & & that
& death
Education
UNESCO
Nations
problems Environment
organized
if environment were
jeopardizing the development
atmankind.
Programme
Georgia.
Conference
of

U
NE
SC
O-
Un
ite
d
Na
tio
ns
Ed
uc
ati
on
al,
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ent
ific
&
Cu
ltu
ral
Or
ga
niz
ati
on.
World Commission on Environment & Development.

1980 Norwegian Prime

It served as a
Minister , Harlem
international Bruntdland- appointed Report is
preparatory
community as Chairman of World called “Our
Commission on framework for
became Environment & Common
seriously Development- RIO
Bruntdland Future” 1987.
concerned. Commission.
Conference.
 Earth Summit 1992

United Nations Conference on

Environment & Development
(UNECD) as RIO de Janerio in 1992.

Called- Earth Summit

Document- Agenda 21 was

issued at this conference.

Underlying idea-
Humanity has reached a point where present
policies on development & economic growth have
not been able to tackle problems of poverty,
hunger & living conditions.