Plot and

Structure
Irawati Pajrin
PBI 4B Sore
What Is Plot?
According to experts :

● Aristotele in 350 BCE stated that plot is the most important element of story.
● Stanton in Nugriyanto (1995:13) stated hat plot is the story that contains a sequence of events, but each
event is connected in casual, an event is caused or led to the other events.
● Pawar at al (2012) statd plot is a literary term defiend a the events that makes up the story, particulary as
they related to another in a pattern, in a sequence, through cause and effec or by coincidence.
○ So, plot is the literary element that describes the order of events in a story. It shows the casual
arrangement of events and actions within story
Aristotle’s Unified
Plot
Aristotele used the beginning,
middle and end structure to
describe a story that moved along
linear path, following chain of a
cause and effect as it works toward
the solution of a conflict or crisis
Freytag’s Plot
Structure
Freyrag modified Aristotle’s
system by adding a rising
action and falling action to
describe a story’s plot.
 Plot Structure

1. Exposition 2. Rising action 3. Climax

The start of the story. The series of conflict and The turning point, the
crisis in the story that lead most intense moment-
to the climax. either mentally or in
action.

4. Falling action 5. Resolution

Event that happen as a result Main conflict resolved
of the climax as the conflict
grows closer to being resolved.
Types of Plot

Chronological Order
The story arranged in according of
time chronological.

Flashback
An interjected scene that takes the
narrative back in time from the
current point in the story.

In media ras
The story starts in the middle of
the action without exposition.
 Conflict
Conflict is a clash of actions, desire, ideas, or
wills. In other words, conflict is dramatic
struggle between two character in a story.

Conflict may be physical, mental, emotional

or moral.
 Types of Conflict
01 02 03 04
Character vs Character Character vs Nature Character vs Society Character vs self
The main character The main character The main character The main character
has conflict with has conflict with the has conflict with a experiences some
another character. forces of nature. larger group. kind of inner conflict
 Example of Conflict
Character vs character
Character vs
“The new oen is the
most beautiful of all; he Nature
It’s a Truffula seed. It’s
is young and pretty.” and the last one of all! You’re
the old swans bowed in charge of the last of
their heads before him. Truffula seeds. And
Then he felt quiet Truffula are what
ashamed, and hid his everyone needs. Plant a
head under his wing; for new Truffula. Treat it
he did not know what to with care. Give it clean
do, he was so happy and water. And feed it fresh
yet not at all proud. He air. Grow a forest.
had been persecuted Protect it from axes the
and despised for his hack. Then the Lorax
ugliness, and now he and all of his friends may
heard them say he was come back.
the most beautiful of all
the birds. (The Lorax by Dr. Seuss)

(The Ugly Duckling by

Hans Christian Anderson)
 Example of Conflict
Character vs Society
Character vs Self
“I’m tired of living in a
hole,” said Jenny. “Let’s Finally, Sam’s father said
fight for freedom!” Cried “Go to bed now. But
Bouncer. “We’ll be before you go to sleep.
soldiers! Rough-riding Sam, tell yourself the
Rowdies! I’ll be the difference between
general and REAL and
Commander-in-chief!” MOONSHINE.”

(The Island of The Skog by (Sam, Bangs and

Steven Kellogg) Moonshine by Evaline
Ness)
Thankyou
Any Question?
 Reference

● 81c4a4e124eb09e2b12095ab198f669e.pdf (unud.ac.id)
● A Handbook of English Literature (2015)
● Elements of Plot.pdf (bisd303.org)