Data Hiding Abstraction

• Internal data should not go out • Hiding internal implimentation,

directly showing the services only
• Outside person should not • Security ,Easy
access data directly Enhancement,Maintainability
• Bank account,Gmail account
• Security

Fig 1: Example of abstraction

(https://www.scientecheasy.com/2020/05/java-abstraction.html/)
class account
{
private double balance;
public get_balance(String account_no,password)
{
//validation
if valid
return balance;
}
}
 Encapsulation Inheritance(Is-A)
Eg: class, data members hidden inside
method • Creating new class from
Security ,Easy already existing class
Enhancement,Maintainability • extends keyword
Encapsulation=Data hiding + Abstraction • Parent/super class
• child/sub class
• Code reusability

Fig 2: Example of Encapsulation

(https://medium.com/javarevisited/ Fig 3:Example of Inheritance
why-should-encapsulation-to-be-used-e82a81f5c47c) (https://www.javatpoint.com/inheritance-in-java)
class A
class test
{
public void m1()
{
{ public static void main (String
System.out.println(“parent”); args[]){
} B b1=new B();
} b1.m1();
class B extends A b1.m2();
{
public void m2()
{
}
System.out.println(“child”); }
}
}
 Inheritance(Is-A)

Fig 4: Types of Inheritance

(https://www.javatpoint.com/inheritance-in-java)
 Polymorphism
• Many forms of same thing

• Method over loading , Method overriding

Fig 5:Types of Polymorphism (https://www.sitesbay.com/java/java-polymorphism)

class A class A
{ {
public void m1(int a) public void m1()
{ {

System.out.println(“parent”); System.out.println(“parent”);
}}
}
class B extends A
void m1(int a, int b)
{
{
public void m1()
System.out.println(“child”); {
}} System.out.println(“child”);
class test }}
{
public static void main (String args[]){
A a1=new A();
a1.m1(3);
a1.m1(4,2);}
}
• PIE