HYDRAULIC CONSTRUCTION

EQUIPMENT

PREPARED BY: BINU DEVKOTA

ROLL NO: 074BCE043

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HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES

 Hydraulic structures is a structure submerged or partially submerged

in water which disturbs the natural flow of water
 Examples ;
 Dams
 Canals
 Hydropower
 Levees
 Embankments etc

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 GENERAL PROCEDURE OF CONSTRUCTION

 Dewatering: Diverging Tunnels, Two stage

construction
 Construction of coffer dams
 Pumping of the water
 Excavation ot the site
 Pile driving
 Concrete construction at slopes and valleys in dams
 Grouting
 River Training Works; Leeves, Gryons

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 WATER PUMPING
EQUIPMENT AND
DEWATERING SYSTEM

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DEWATERING
 To remove water from an excavation without causing instability in

either in the slides or the bottom

 Methods of Dewatering

 Open Pumping

 Pre Drainage

 Cut off and exclusion

 Ground freezing ( freezewall )

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 Piezometer
 Monitoring dewatering schemes for excavations and underground openings
 Monitoring ground improvement techniques such as vertical drains, sand drains , and
dynamic compaction
 Monitoring pore pressure to determine safe rates of fill or excavation
 Investigating the stability of natural and cut slopes
 Monitoring performance of earth fill dams and embankments
 Monitoring Seepage and ground water movement in embankments
 Monitoring pore pressures to check containment systems at land fills and tailing dams

 Types of piezometer
 Standpipe
 Pneumatic
 Vibrating wire
• Multi level

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Figure: Stand Pipe Piezometer

Figure: Vibrating Wire Piezometer

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 PUMPS
 To remove water from undesirable location to another locations
 To dry up construction site
 To provide water when and where needed
 Facilitate grouting process

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 TYPES OF PUMPS
 Displacement Pumps
 Reciprocating
 Diaphragm :
• Good for pumping dirty water or dirty water that contains particles
• Good for pumping in large capacity
 Centrifugal pumps
 Submersible Pump

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 PILE DRIVING EQUIPMENTS AND
THEIR USES

 Method used to drive piles into the soil, to provide

foundation support for buildings and structures
 Can be fabricated from concrete, timber, or steel
 Act as a structural member to transfer the load of the
structure to a required depth in deep foundations
 Driving piles allows a structure to be placed in an
area that would otherwise be unsuitable given the
subsurface conditions Figure: Hammer Mounted Piling rig being used to
drive pile at construction site

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 Piling Rigs
 Mainly used to drill/create piles in soil, clay etc.
 Used in cast in place piles, diaphragm walls, and
foundation reinforcement
 It is designed for multipurpose use
 Can be used for different foundations and geotechnical
methods including: drilled shafts, caissons, continuous
flight augur, diaphragm walls

Rotary Drilling Rig

 Uses a sharp, rotating drill bit and downward pressure to
cut or crush, through the subsurface
 Impact energy is supplied to the drill bit from either an
above ground or down the hole impact hammer, which
aids in drilling
 Can be used in deeper depths
 Large diameter holes
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Hydraulic Impact Pile Hammer
 Suitable for driving steel tube pipes, sheet, piles, precast
concrete and timber piles.
 Stroke and blow rates are adjustable to optimize the pile
driving performance in all conditions
 One hammer serves a wide range of different pile
driving operations

Vibratory Pile Hammer

 Used to drive sheet piles, pipes or other elements into the
soil by vertical vibrations
 Dynamic weight of the hammer drives the elements into
soil
 Also used for soil densifying or vertical drainage

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 Piling Winches
 Used in the construction site, mine and port tol
hoist the object vertically
 Hand controlled high- speed free rolling winch
used in free fall punching operation in the bridge,
dock and infrastructure construction project

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 OTHER INSTRUMENTS
USED IN CONSTRUCTION

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EARTH CUTTING AND
MOVING EQUIPMENTS
 EXCAVATORS
 LOADERS
 BACKHOE LOADERS
 BULLDOZER WITH BLADE
AND RIPPER
 DUMPER TRUCKS

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CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
EQUIPMENTS
 CRUSHER
 CRUSHER LOADER
DUMPER
 BATCHING PLANT
 CONCRETE MIXTURES

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TUNNEL BORING MACHINE

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 SPECIALIZED
INSTRUMENTS USED IN
CANAL CONSTRUCTION

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 CANAL EXCAVATORS
1. Different types of excavation machines for digging canals such as bucket wheel
excavator and hinge bucket chain trimmer
2. Bucket wheel excavator can be used to excavate canals with up to 9m top breadth

Figure : Bucket Wheel Excavator Figure : Bucket Chain Excavator Figure : Half Canal Cross Section Trimmer
Machine

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 CANAL LINER
1. Towed Boat Liner 3. Hinge Concrete Liner
• Canal up to 6m width and capable of lining 60 m2/hr • Used for canals with top breadth of up to
25m.
• May be used for full section canals, half
section canals, extended half section
canals and separated by berms.

2. Telescopic Liner
• Capable of handling canal with 9m
of top width and lining rate 180 m2/
hr

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 CANAL FINISHER
• Finishing canal is important to avoid water
logging
• Conducted through concrete lining through on
both sides of the canal
• Transverse and longitudinal joints are created
by attachments on the canal finisher Figure : Full canal cross section finisher

• Vehicles that carry concrete can feed canal

finisher from one side only and a conveyor
which spans the canal, used to transport the
concrete to the other side of the canal

Figure : Half cross section canal finisher 22

 CANAL PAVER
• Paving canal is an alternative to lining canal
• Paving machine used to pave the canal and it
covers both sides of the canal
• The width of finishing is quite large, so the
paving operation can be carried out in a
higher rate
• The machine can be configured to pave
canals with different slope breadth

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THANK YOU !!!

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