Medical terminology, hospital room and

hospital team
By :
Ns. Nurul Huda M.Kep Sp Kep MB., PhD
Ns. Wasisto Utomo M.Kep Sp Kep MB
Topics of course

• Medical terminology and abbreviations commonly used

in hospital
• Hospital rooms and facilities
• Hospital teams/health care professionals
 Common medical terminology and
abbreviations commonly used in hospital
• a.c.: Before meals. As in taking a medicine before meals
• AIDS: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
• ARF: Acute renal (kidney) failure
• b.i.d.: Twice daily. As in taking a medicine twice daily
• BP: Blood pressure. Blood pressure is recorded as part of the physical examination.
It is one of the "vital signs.“
• C/O: Complaint of. The patient's expressed concern.
• cap: Capsule.
 Common medical terminology and
abbreviations commonly used in hospital (2)
• CABG. Coronary artery bypass graft. A surgery involving the heart.
• CBC: Complete blood count
• COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• CVA: Cerebrovascular accident (Stroke).
• D/C or DC: Discontinue or discharge. For example, a doctor will D/C a
drug. Alternatively, the doctor might DC a patient from the hospital.
• DM: Diabetes mellitus
 Common medical terminology and
abbreviations commonly used in hospital (3)
• DNR: Do not resuscitate. This is a specific order not to revive a patient
artificially if they succumb to illness. If a patient is given a DNR order, they are
not resuscitated if they are near death and no code blue is called.
• DVT: Deep venous thrombosis (blood clot in large vein).
• ECT: Electroconclusive therapy. A procedure used to control seizures
 (convulsions).
• FX: Fracture.
• gtt: Drops
 Common medical terminology and
abbreviations commonly used in hospital (4)
• HA: Headache
• HTN: Hypertension
• ICU: Intensive care unit. The patient was moved to the intensive care unit.
• IM: Intramuscular. This is a typical notation when noting or ordering an
injection (shot) given into muscle, such as with B12 for pernicious anemia
• IU: International units.
• LBP: Low back pain. LBP is one of most common medical complaints
 Common medical terminology and
abbreviations commonly used in hospital (5)
• LLQ: Left lower quadrant. Diverticulitis pain is often in the LLQ of the
abdomen.
• LUQ: Left upper quadrant. The spleen is located in the LUQ of the abdomen.
• N/V: Nausea or vomiting
• NCP: Nursing care plan
• npo: Nothing by mouth. For example, if a patient was about to undergo a surgical
operation requiring general anesthesia, they may be required to avoid food or
beverage prior to the procedure
 Common medical terminology and
abbreviations commonly used in hospital (6)
• O.D.: Right eye.
• O.S.: Left eye.
• O.U.: Both eyes.
• ORIF: Open reduction and internal fixation, such as with the orthopedic repair of a 
hip fracture
• p.o.: By mouth. From the Latin terminology per os.
• p.r.n.: As needed. So that it is not always done, but done only when the situation calls for
it (or example, taking a pain medication only when having pain and not without pain).
 Common medical terminology and
abbreviations commonly used in hospital (7)
• q.d.: Each day. As in taking a medicine daily.
• q.i.d.: Four times daily. As in taking a medicine four times daily.
• q2h: Every 2 hours. As in taking a medicine every 2 hours.
• q3h: Every 3 hours. As in taking a medicine every 3 hours
• qAM: Each morning. As in taking a medicine each morning
• qPM: Each evening. As in taking a medicine each evening
 Common medical terminology and
abbreviations commonly used in hospital (8)
• RLQ: Right lower quadrant. The appendix is located in the RLQ of the
abdomen
• RUQ: Right upper quadrant. The liver is located in the RUQ of the abdomen
• SC: Subcutaneous. This is a typical notation when noting or ordering an injection
(shot) given into the fatty tissue under the skin, such as with insulin for diabetes
 mellitus
• t.i.d.: Three times daily. As in taking a medicine three times daily
• Tab: Tablet
 Common medical terminology and
abbreviations commonly used in hospital (9)
• UTI: Urinary tract infection
• VSS: Vital signs are stable. This notation means that from the standpoint
of the temperature, blood pressure, and pulse, the patient is doing well
 VOCABULARY FOR DISEASES
AND TREATMENT

• AIDS: acquired immune deficiency syndrome; caused by HIV; a very serious immune

system disease that often results in death
• Anemia: a deficiency of red blood cells
• Anorexia: a prolonged starving of the self
• Antidote: a medicine that reverses the effects of a poison
• Anxiety: an unpleasant worrying about the future
• Bacteria: single-celled organisms that can be either beneficial or harmful
• Cure: something that gets rid of a disease or disability
• Dehydration: not having enough water
• Depression: a prolonged feeling of helplessness and hopelessness that may be accompanied
by hormonal changes in the body
• Disorder: when one is affected by an abnormal condition
 VOCABULARY FOR DISEASES
AND TREATMENT
• Fracture: breaking of something, such as bone
• Hazard: something, including a chemical or activity, that is harmful to someone’s health
• HIV: the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS; spread through bodily fluids
• Hyperglycemia: having excess sugar in the blood
• Hypertension: high blood pressure
• Infertility: the inability to or difficulty with becoming pregnant and having children
• Inflammation: a swelling of a body part due to an infection, usually by a virus or bacteria
• Influenza: a highly contagious viral disease that resembles a cough; causes fever, aches,
and general discomfort
• Kidney disease: an inability of the kidney to carry out its normal functions; often a very
expensive disease to treat
 VOCABULARY FOR DISEASES
AND TREATMENT
• Lead poisoning: being exposed to toxic lead (an element) and exhibiting
• Pregnancy: having a child developing
• Prescription: instructions written by a doctor authorizing a patient to be put
through a medical treatment
• Rehabilitation: restoring health after a disease or disability, through training and
therapy
• Sexually Transmitted Infections: diseases that are passed through sexual
contact, including HIV
• Sore Throat: pain in the throat caused by a bacteria or virus
• Toxin: a poisonous and harmful substances that causes a negative reaction in the
body
 TWO-WORD EXPRESSIONS

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 Hospital rooms and facilities
• A&E (NOUN BRITISH) the accident and emergency department of a hospital
• ER (NOUN AMERICAN) emergency room: the A&E in a hospital
• emergency department (NOUNAUSTRALIAN) the part of a hospital where people go when they are 
injured or suddenly become ill

• consulting room (NOUN BRITISH) a room where a doctor examines a patient and discusses their
medical problems with them
• day room (NOUN) a room in a hospital where patients can go during the day to watch television, read,
or talk
• delivery room (NOUN) a room in a hospital where women give birth
 Hospital rooms and facilities (2)
• high dependency unit (NOUN) the department of a hospital for people who
are very ill or badly injured, but need less care than people in intensive care
• Housekeeping (NOUN) the department of a hotel or hospital that is 
responsible for cleaning rooms
• ICU (NOUN) an intensive care unit in a hospital
• intensive care (NOUN) the department of a hospital for people who are so ill
or badly injured that they need to have special medical care and be watched
 very closely
 Hospital rooms and facilities (2)
• high dependency unit (NOUN) the department of a hospital for people who
are very ill or badly injured, but need less care than people in intensive care
• Housekeeping (NOUN) the department of a hotel or hospital that is 
responsible for cleaning rooms
• ICU (NOUN) an intensive care unit in a hospital
• intensive care (NOUN) the department of a hospital for people who are so ill
or badly injured that they need to have special medical care and be watched
 very closely
 Hospital rooms and facilities (3)
• maternity ward (NOUN) the part of  hospital where pregnant women or women
 who have just given birth to babies are looked after
• Nursery (NOUN) an area in a hospital where new babies are looked after until
they go home
• operating room (NOUNAMERICAN) an operating theatre
• operating theatre (NOUN) a room in a hospital where doctors perform medical 
operations
• Pharmacy (NOUN) the part of a shop or hospital where medicines are prepared
 Hospital rooms and facilities (4)
• Surgery (NOUN) a room in a hospital where doctors do surgery
• Theatre (NOUN BRITISH) a room in a hospital used for medical
operations. The American word is operating room
• Ward (NOUN) a large room in a hospital with beds for people to stay in
HOSPITAL DEPARTMENTS
• To talk about movement, we use preposistions such
as:
Up, down, into, out of, away, from, to,
through, across, along, past, back to,
around, left/right
Example :
• Go through the swing doors, turn left along the corridor, and
the coffee bars in front of you
• Prepositions of movement are used with
verbs of movement such as :

Go, come, take, push, carry

• Example:
• Can you take these files back to the office, please?
• To get from here to surgery, you have to wheel the
trolley through three wards
 Hospital teams/health care professionals
NURSES
• Nurse Manager: The nurse manager oversees all the care on a particular unit. The nurse
taking care of you is supported by the nurse manager
• Staff Educator: These nurses serve as educational resources to staff, giving them the latest
information about medication, treatments or technology
• Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS): Clinical nurse specialists have master's degrees in a
specialty and provide teaching and support to patients in their particular area of knowledge.
• Nurse Practitioner (NP): A nurse practitioner is a registered nurse who has completed
additional courses and specialized training. They can diagnose and treat illnesses in their
specialty. Some nurse practitioners can prescribe medications. They work under the
supervision of a physician
 Hospital teams/health care professionals
Physician
• Physician: Your own medical doctor may be taking care of you while you are in
the hospital, or may have a hospitalist, a surgeon or a specialist manage your
hospital care
• Physician Assistant (PA): PAs provide diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive
healthcare services, with supervision from physicians. They should not be
confused with medical assistants, who perform routine clinical and clerical tasks
• Intern/Resident: Medical school graduate doctors who are gaining supervised
practical or specialized experience in a hospital setting may be part of your care
team
 Hospital teams/health care professionals
• Clinical Pharmacist: A clinical pharmacist participates directly with the
healthcare team and influences the quality and safety of medication use in
a variety of ways. These may include: making rounds on the patient units,
reviewing medication orders for safety, providing recommendations,
consulting on patient discharge medications and educating patients
• Intensivist/Neonatologist: These specialized doctors are located in the
critical care units to support and direct the care of critically ill adults and
newborns
 Hospital teams/health care professionals
THERAPISTS
• Physical Therapists (PT): Spend their time focusing on the large motor groups that contribute to
walking, reaching, standing and physical activities.
• Physical Therapist Assistant (PTA): PTAs work under the direction and supervision of physical
therapists. They help patients who are recovering from injuries and illnesses regain movement and
manage pain
• Occupational Therapists (OT): Offer skilled treatment to help individuals achieve independence in all
facets of their lives.
• Occupational Therapy Assistants (COTA): COTAs help patients develop, recover, and improve the
skills needed for daily living and working. Occupational therapy assistants are directly involved in
providing therapy to patients, while occupational therapy aides typically perform support activities. Both
assistants and aides work under the direction of occupational therapists
 Hospital teams/health care professionals
THERAPISTS
• Speech-Language Pathologists or Speech Therapists (ST): Speech-Language
Pathologists assess, diagnose, treat, and help to prevent communication and
swallowing disorders in patients. Speech, language, and swallowing disorders
result from a variety of causes, such as a stroke, brain injury, hearing loss,
developmental delay, a cleft palate, cerebral palsy, or emotional problems
• Respiratory Therapist (RT): These individuals perform testing and provide
respiratory treatments to diagnose and manage the care of patients with lung
and breathing problems. They also monitor and maintain respiratory equipment,
and provide patient education
 Hospital teams/health care professionals

• Intravenous (IV) Therapy Team/Line Access: This team is available to put in IV

lines and to troubleshoot IV placement issues.
• Rapid Response Team (RRT): In some hospitals, Rapid Response Team
clinicians provide critical care expertise and respond to a patient's bedside to assist
with a serious change in a patient's condition and if appropriate, a change in
treatment. All hospitals have some method of rapid response
• Dietitian - Registered (RD): A registered dietitian (RD) is a food and nutrition
expert who provides dietary support, counseling and/or education to patients,
family and/or nurses to ensure appropriate nutritional care.
 His friend dials 999 &
Danny’s Danny speaks to an
playing falls &
Example of a patient journey
football injures his
emergency medical
despatcher, who
leg
despatches an
ambulance

Take him to Paramedic &

Porter helps A&E
transport emergency care
department assistant assess
Danny into of local
the building situation
hospital

Triage nurse
gets second
Danny’s Triage nurse They arrange
opinion of
details are assesses his an X-ray
emergency
recorded by leg taken by a
medicine
receptionist doctor diagnostic
radiographer

And a
A His leg is
biomedical
phlebotomist broken and
scientist in
takes some needs
the path lab
blood surgery
checks it out

Danny has
surgery. The team
Porter Danny’s cared
includes an
takes for by a
orthopaedic
Danny children’s
surgeon,
to the nurse & HCA
anaesthetist,
ODP, theatre ward
nurse, & HCA Simmons (2021). NHS healthcare. Retrieved from www.healthcareer.nhs.uk
 Clean laundry Before he’s
He has
from linen discharged, his
food
Example of a patient journey
prepared
by a chef
and laundry
staff
orthopaedic
surgeon sees him
on the ward

He sees a He’s then

physiotherapist transported
at home for home by an
follow up ambulance care
rehabilitation assistant from
treatment the PTS

The GP
He sees prescribes
But Danny’s his GP and
still in pain him some
the medication
and goes back practice
to his doctors’ from the
nurse pharmacist
surgery

A few weeks An occupational A few days later,

later, Danny’s therapy support the district nurse
playing football worker visits to comes to remove
again! check he’s his stitches
progressing
 Examples of staff that Danny didn’t see but
Staff that Danny saw who contributed to his ‘patient journey’

 paramedic  emergency medical despatcher

 emergency care assistant  biomedical scientists
 porter  chefs
 receptionist  linen and laundry staff
 triage nurse See this
 security staff
and oth
 emergency medicine doctor patient
j ourney
er  gardeners
(includ s
 diagnostic radiographer ing
other re videos and
 IT staff
so
 phlebotomist the Hea urces) on  estates maintenance staff
lth Care
website ers
 orthopaedic surgeon  clinical scientist in radiation safety
 anaesthetist physics
 operating department practitioner  managers
 theatre nurse  accountants
 health care assistant  human resources staff
 children’s nurse  communications and PR staff
 ambulance care assistant  health informatics staff
 physiotherapist  librarians
 GP (general practitioner)  decontamination science staff
 practice nurse
 pharmacist
 district nurse
 occupational therapy support worker

Simmons (2021). NHS healthcare. Retrieved from www.healthcareer.nhs.uk

Exercise
Your Date Your Footer Here
Your Date Your Footer Here
Your Date Your Footer Here
Please complete the sentences