EXTRACTION OF CELLULOSE

FROM BAGASSE
Bachelor of Engineering
in
Chemical Engineering
Semester-VI
Academic Year
2020-2021
 Submitted By:-

Sr. Name of Student Enrollment No.

1 Acharya Harsh 171260105001

2 Ajmeri Sahil 171260105003

3 Sadhu Rushik 171260105045

Internal guide
Prof. Apurva Patel
Asst. Prof.
Contents:-
• Introduction
• Scope And Aim Of The Project
• Problem Definition
• Literature Survey
• Process Description
• Explanation Of Exact Problem Definition
• Future Plan
• References
 Introduction:-

 Cellulose-based Nanomaterials a sustainable and renewable material.

 They have low density, high aspect ratio, good mechanical properties, low thermal expansion, low toxicity, surfaces having
hydroxyl groups (-OH) that can be readily chemically functionalized .
 These nanomaterials have been extensively studied for a wide variety of potential applications such as nanofillers for polymer
nanocomposites, protective coatings, barrier/separation membranes and filtration systems,, pharmaceuticals, drug delivery,
organic solar cells, etc.
 Two general classes of cellulose nanomaterials (CNs) that can be extracted from different resources such as plant, animal, or
mineral plants are cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). Cellulose nanocrystals can be referred as
cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) or nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) , while cellulose (NFC), or microfibrillated cellulose (MFC)
depending on their size and extraction method.
 Cellulose is a natural hydrophilic polymer composed of β-1,4-linked anhydro-D-glucose units and having hydroxyl (-OH)
groups that enable cellulose to establish strong hydrogen bonds.
 Major sources of cellulose are wood, cotton, hemp, flax, sisal, sugarcane bagasse, corncob, cassava bagasse, banana
rachis, etc..
 Scope and aim of the project :-

AIM: The aim of this project is to get maximum pure Cellulose by extracting Sugarcane
Bagasse.

SCOPE: We have taken this project because Cellulose finds it’s use in various sectors like
textile sector, Emulsifier, cosmetic and pharmaceutical resources etc.
 Problem Definition

 Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is abundantly available agro-waste world-wide and has been used
in different applications and its utilization as a source of cellulose attracting attention in the
area of biomedical and other applications. The present study investigates the surface
morphology, topography, structural, elemental and thermal properties of cellulose
nanocrystals (CNCs) extracted by acid-hydrolysis from sugarcane bagasse as agro-waste.
Elemental analysis (EDX) showed 0.72 wt% sulfur impurity in CNCs along with other main
components. X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis revealed that CNCs have higher
crystallinity (72.5%) than that of chemically purified cellulose (CPC) (63.5%) but have lower
thermal stability. These lab extracted CNCs supposed to have a high potential as
nanoreinforcement into bionanocomposite for biomedical and other value-added products in
industrial applications.
 Literature survey

Contant scientists title

Extraction Naceur B. Extraction of cellulose whiskers from cassava

Methode Dufresnea bagasse and their applications as reinforcing
Silva C. Mohamed agent in natural rubber
YEAR:-2010

Properties of Julienberg, Mechanical, barrier, and biodegradability

Sugarcane Hammad L. properties of bagasse cellulose whiskers
Bagasse Hassanbck, Clippers, reinforced natural rubber nanocomposites
Sense, A. Hasan, YEAR:-2010

Important of Y.R.Lohad.Sujana.E. Sugarcane bagasse—The future composite

Sugarcane RahmanC.A.Dasb material: A literature review
bagasse YEAR:-2013
Different San-JangWang Extraction and comparison of
Oxidation David S.H.Wong . carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals
Methode from bleached sugarcane bagasse pulp
using two different oxidation methods
YEAR:-2016
Properties of Tshwafo E Motaung Systematic review on recent studies on
Cellulose after  Mokgaotsa J Mochane sugar cane bagasse and bagasse
Extraction cellulose polymer composites
YEAR:-2017

Different Revaprasad Comparison of Cellulose Extraction from

Method for the Zimele Nkosvele Sugarcane Bagasse Through Alkali
production of Treasure Mzimelaa YEAR:-2018
Cellulose

Use of R. Z. Khoo,  Sugarcane bagasse fiber and its cellulose

Cellulose W. S. Chow   nanocrystals for polymer reinforcement
H. Ismail and heavy metal adsorbent:
YEAR:-2018
 Process description :-
Methods: Drying, Dewaxing, Delignification, Filteration, Centrifugation, Sonification.
Tools: Soxhlet apparatus, Flasks, Owen, Sonicator, Waterbath heater.

Here we are not using any software.

Production of cellulose from bagasse is 18 gm
Here we are using Soxhlet apparatus, sonification apparatus, Owen .

 EXPLANATION OF PRODUCT COMPONENTS, FUNCTIONS & FEATURES:-

Sugarcane bagasse (agro-waste) was provided by a local sugar factory. After drying in sunlight, it was ground
and sieved under 30 mesh sieves. Bagasse was dried in oven at 105°C for 3 h and stored at room temperature in
air tight polybag.
Finally, the product was dried in air-circulated oven at 105°C for 6 h followed by storage in air tight polybags.
After drying the product was Dewaxed in SOXLET apparatus with (2:1) v/v mixture of benzene and methanol
for 6 Hours.
Further it is treated with acidified sodium chlorite solution at 75 0 C for 1hour and repeat this procedure four to
five times until product become white.
Then it is treated with 2%wt KOH solution at 900C for 2hrs.
Finally, it is treated with 5%wt KOH solution at 900C for 2hrs.
Then after the product was rinsed and filtered until the product residue become neutral.
Thus we get Chemically Purified Cellulose (CPC).
 EXTRACTION:-
Giving preheating water bath at 450 C in 64% H2SO4 solution CPC is Hydrolyses and then it is
stirred for 60 minutes

Then after impurities are separated with the help of centrifugation at 10000 rpm for 15minutes.

The product then after treated further for sonication ice bath for 15 minutes in sonicator.

Thus, we get the concentration aqueous suspension of CNCs (cellulose nanocrystals).

Explanation Of Exact Problem Definition
 Future Plan

Within the next two decades the world population will grow by 1.3 billion
and is moving up the food chain. By 2030 we will have an additional
demand for food of 43 %. On the other hand arable land is limited and the
cropland area per person will shrink. This situation will result in a food
crisis. Also the demand for textile fibres (natural as well as man-made) will
increase by 48 %. But in the future cotton production will be stagnant
because of the limited availability of arable land. The experience shows
that approximately one third of textile fibres have to be cellulosic fibres,
because of certain properties, like absorbency and moisture management.
This will result in a disproportionately high demand for man-made
cellulosic fibres in the coming years. The substitution of cotton by man-
made cellulose fibres is also a contribution to the environmental
protection.
REFERENCES:~
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Putkisto, K., Hiekkataipale, P., Eronen, P., Ruokolainen, J., and Laukkanen, A., “Health and environmental safety
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[3] Lin, N., Huang, J., and Dufresne, A., “Preparation, properties and applications of polysaccharide nanocrystals in
advanced functional nanomaterials: a review”, Nanoscale, 4, 3274-3294, 2012.

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