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Incomplete Dominance
Incomplete Dominance
Inheritance
INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE
-NEITHER ALLELE IS COMPLETELY DOMINANT
OVER THE OTHER
Red flower = RR
Pink flower = Rr
White flower = rr
A trait exhibits incomplete dominance is the pitch of human male
voices:
-Lowest pitch (LL) and highest pitch (ll), but the intermediate
range baritones are (Ll)
•2.
•3.
•4.
Sample Problem #2:
Jimmy Fallon has type O blood. Jennifer
Aniston has type AB blood. If they have kids
what will be the genotypic and phenotypic ratios
of the possible kids?
Sample Problem #3:
Channing Tatum has type A blood. Ms. Palmeri
has type B blood. They have a baby with type O
blood. How is this possible? Show your work!
Polygenic Traits
• Most of your traits are controlled by the
interaction of many genes.
Sex
Chromosomes =
23rd pair of
chromosmes (X
and Y)
Autosomal Dominant
• Autosomal dominant is one of several ways that
a trait or disorder can be passed down through
families.
• Caused by the presence of a dominant
allele.
• If a disease is autosomal dominant, it means you
only need to get the abnormal gene from one
parent in order for you to inherit the disease.
One of the parents may often have the disease.
Huntington’s Disease
• a neurodegenerative genetic disorder that
affects muscle coordination and leads to cognitive
decline and psychiatric problems
HH or Hh = Huntington’s disease
hh= normal
Neurofibromatosis
• a genetic disorder characterized by a number of remarkable skin
findings including multiple cafe au lait (coffee with milk) spots,
multiple benign tumors on the skin, thick and misshapen
nerves, and freckles in the armpit and groin.
• The cafe au lait spots increase in number and size with age.
NN or Nn = Neurofibromatosis
nn= normal
Autosomal Recessive
• Caused by inheriting 2 recessive alleles.
AA = normal
Aa = carrier
aa = albino
Tay-Sach’s Disease
• Deadly disease of the nervous system
0% 0% 0% 0%
0%
%
%
50
25
75
Sample Problem #2. Tay Sach’s is a recessive disorder. A
normal person marries a carrier of Tay Sach’s disease.
What is the percent chance of them having a child that is
a carrier?
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%
0% 0% 0% 0%
0%
%
25
50
75
Huntington’s disease is autosomal dominant.
Olivia Wilde has Huntington’s disease. What is her
genotype?
A. HH
B. Hh
C. Hh
D. HH or Hh
HH 0% 0% 0% 0%
Hh
Hh
Hh
or
HH
Sex-Linked Inheritance
• Follows Mendel’s principle of dominance
however the genes that are located on the X
chromosome
• Sex chromosomes (X and Y)
• Female = XX Male = XY
XH = dominant allele
Xh = recessive allele
Because the allele is located on the X chromosome,
sex-linked genetic disorders are more common in males!
Sex-Linked Recessive
Disorders
• Hemophilia
• Duchenne’s Muscular Dystrophy
• Red-Green Colorblindness
• Male Pattern Baldness
Sex-Linked Example
Hemophilia (Xh)is a sex linked recessive
disorder.
Female Genotypes Phenotype
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
1. 1.
2. 2.
Sample Problem #1
Hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive condition.
Beyonce is a carrier of hemophilia and Jay-Z is
normal. What are the chances of them having a
child with hemophilia?
Sex Linked Formative
Jimmy Fallon is colorblind and Tina Fey is a
carrier. What are the chances of them having
a color blind child? Circle the color blind
children.
XbY XBXb
Xb Y X
50% Chance of colorblindness
XB XBXb XBY
Genotypes XBXb , XbXb , XBY , XbY
• Fragile X Syndrome
• Rett Syndrome
• Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
• Vitamin D resistance Rickets