AUSTRALIA

By
Allikathus Rizky Laily F
Dita Herma Yulistya
 AUSTRALIA
 Australia is located around the indian Ocean south
Pacific ocean

 The capital of the Australia is Canberra

 The official Language in Australia is English, but in

Australia also has dominated other languages such as
italian, Greek, Chinese, Arabic and Vietnamese
 HISTORY
 In 1770, James Cook arrived to the Australian
01 east coast and claimed it as a British Colony

 Australian English has derived form british english

02 after Australia has been colonized by the New
South Wales in 1788

 Recognized to being different from british in

03 1820Australia has no offical language but is largely
monolingual with English being the de facto national
language
 LANGUAGES
Australia aboriginal Australian English
languages
Australian English is different from
In the 18th century, there British and American English in that
were between 350 and 750 it has a bias toward invention,
distinct Aboriginal social humour and a clasless society. At
group and a similar number times this can make it almost
impossible to understand and quite
of languages or dialect. offensive to speaker accustomed to
formality
CONTINUE…
It reflect Australia’s identity conflicts born out of
its penal history. I addition, it perhaps reflects the
strong desire of many 19th century Autralian to
adopt Aboriginal names and words, particulary in
rural Australian, which have influenced
pronounciation and inspiride the foodness for the
diminutive.
STRANDARD AUSTRALIAN ENGLISH

Morisby (1959) state:

The accent, according to most people, is flat, thin,
ugly and unpleasant. The typical Australian speaks
with his lips spread firmly againt this teeth, his jaw
moving little and his soft palate lowered...
 DEVELOPMENT OF AUSTRALIAN ENGLISH

British settlers enetered

Australia settled in a
Seaports its Australia through only a
relatively short time
small number of seaports
mean ‘Mixing
Bowls’
(fromkin at all Eventually seaports developed
Australian English is 2000) the same linguistic end prdocut
– a unique accent with a
remakable homogenous particular biased towards
London English
ENGLISH VARIETY IN AUSTRALIA

Different from British and

American English in:

Vocabulary Pronunciation

Accent Grammar

Spelling
 VOCABULARY
Example of word

Australian english and New

Zealand English both share
most of their vocabulary with
British English. They include
only some words derived from
the aboriginies or Maori
 AUSTRALIA ACCENTS
According to Mitchell and Delbrigde (1965), Australias has Three main accent:
1. Broad
2. General
3. Cultivated
Phoneme inventory of all three accent is identical, there are different in
allophonic realisation of some vomel phonemes

/i,u, ei, oƱ, αἱ, αƱ/

the use of one variety of Autralian English over the other depens primarily on
education, gender identification and location.
 BOARD
It is the most recognizable variety.
Especially associated with mateship and the no-
nonsense value of the traditional Australian
working-class and lower middle-class male
 CULTIVATED
Closely patterned on received pronunciation. For
many Autralians it is a snobbish form of speech long
associated with high status or pretensions in such
status. Now spoken by less than 10% of the
population
 GENERAL
The wide band between ‘cultivated’ and ‘broad’ a
majority usage, especially in the cities. It is the
stereotypical variety of Australian English.
PRONUNCATION
The affixes –ary, -ery, -berry,
and –mony (like necessary,
mulbery and matrimony) can
be pronunced either with a
full vowel or a schwa
Differences in stress, weak forms and
strandard pronunciation of isloated
words occur between Australian
english and other forms of English
The older generations of Australians are
relatively likely to pronounce these affixes
with a shcwa while younger generations
are relatives likely to use a full vowel
 GRAMMAR
 In prepositions before days may be ommitted
Example the name of river, in in American english, example: She resigned
american the name of the river is Thursday, they must be retained in Australian
“Darling river”, but in Australian english as in the british English: She resigned
English convention of coming
on Thrusday
before the name example “River
Murray”
 Some grammatical features – use of pronouns
In writing of numbers Australia are (yous, whom;who), verbs and verb phrases
more likely to pronounce numbers (frequent use of –ing verbs), double negation
such as 1500 as fifteen hundred,
rather than one thousand five
hundred
 SPELLING
Suffiexes:
Australia English : U’ retention (colour, favour,
Able/eable, -ise, honour) Unspaced prepositions
ment/ement, -our, -yse
American English: (onto, anytime, alright,
-able, -ize, -ment, -or, -yze anymore)
 DIMINUTIVE IN AUSTRALIAN ENGLISH

In australia, it is common to hear word like “arvo” being used

instead of “afternoon”. Known as diminutives, they are
formed by taking the first part of word and subtituting an, a,
o, ie, or y sound for the rest.

In all, about 5000 diminutives have been identified in

Australian English
 DIMINUTIVE IN AUSTRALIAN ENGLISH

The reason why diminutive are common in Australia is one of

them, diminutive seems more informal (like slang) and thus
reflects the Australian love of egalitariansim.

According to Nenagh “Australians who use these diminutives

might be trying to sound more casual and more friendly than
they would by using the full words”
 DIMINUTIVE IN AUSTRALIAN ENGLISH

One of many words that australians have cut syllables off and replaced
with –o.

The example in the word “service” the Austalian can said “servo”

Example: hey davo, i’m goin’ to the servo for arvo smoko.

The translate: David, i’m going to the service station for the afternoon
break
 FORMALITY TITLES

The australian bias toward a classless society is reflected in the

relucatace to use formality and titles

In britain, titles like Mr, Mrs, Ms and your highness help structure
social relations but also reduce sosial comfort

But, in Australia, the use of titles is relative rare. Bosses and

workes are usually on a first name basis as studenr and professors
at univerities.
THANKS
!