PRojECT LifE CyCLE And oRgAnizATion

Ike A. Baguio
The Project Life Cycle?

- A project life cycle is a collection of generally sequential and

sometimes overlapping project phases whose name and number
are determined by the management and control needs of the
organization or organizations involved in the project, the nature of
the project itself, and its area of application.
Characteristics of the Project Life Cycle
Impact of Variable Based on Project Time
Product vs. Project Life Cycle Relationships

- The product life cycle consists of generally sequential, non-

overlapping product phases determined by the manufacturing and
control need of the organization. The last product life cycle phase
for a product is generally the product’s retirement.

- Project life cycles occur in one or more phases of a product life cycle.
Care should be taken to distinguish the project life cycle from the product
life cycle. All projects have a purpose or objective, but in those cases
where the objective is a service or result, there may be a life cycle for the
service or result, not a product life cycle.
Project Phases

- Project phases are divisions within a project where extra control is

needed to effectively manage the completion of a major deliverable.
Project phases are typically completed sequentially, but can overlap
in some project situations.
Example of a Single-Phase Project
Project Governance Across the Life Cycle

- Project governance provides a comprehensive, consistent method of

controlling the project and ensuring its success. The project governance
approach should be described in the project management plan.
Three-Phase Project Figure
Project with Overlapping Phases
Projects vs. Operational Work
- Organizations perform work to achieve a set of
objectives. In many organizations the work
performed can be categorized as either project or
operations work.

These two types of work share a number of characteristics as follows:

• Performed by individuals,
• Limited by constraints, including resource constraints,
• Planned, executed, monitored and controlled, and
• Performed to achieve organizational objectives or strategic
plans.
Stakeholders

-Stakeholders are persons or organizations (e.g.,

customers, sponsors, the performing organization, or
the public), who are actively involved in the project
or whose interests may be positively or negatively
affected by the performance or completion of the
project.
The Relationship Between Stakeholders and
the Project
The following are some examples of project
stakeholders.

Customers/users.
-The customers/users are the persons or organizations that will use
the project’s product or service or result. Customers/users may be
internal and/or external to the performing organization

Sponsor.
- A sponsor is the person or group that provides the financial resources, in
cash or in kind, for the project. When a project is first conceived, the
sponsor champions the project.
The following are some examples of project
stakeholders.

Portfolio managers/portfolio review board

-Portfolio managers are responsible for the high-level governance
of a collection of projects or programs, which may or may not be
interdependent. Portfolio review boards are committees usually
made up of the organization’s executives who act as a project
selection panel.
The following are some examples of project
stakeholders.

Program managers
-Program managers are responsible for managing related projects
in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available
from managing them individually.

Project management office

- A project management office (PMO) is an organizational body or
entity assigned various responsibilities related to the centralized
and coordinated management of those projects under its domain.
The following are some examples of project
stakeholders.

Project managers
- Project managers are assigned by the performing organization
to achieve the project objectives. This is a challenging, high-
profile role with significant responsibility and shifting priorities.

Project team.
- A project team is comprised of the project manager, project
management team, and other team members who carry out the
work but who are not necessarily involved with management of the
project.
The following are some examples of project
stakeholders.

Functional managers.
-Functional managers are key individuals who play a management
role within an administrative or functional area of the business, such
as human resources, finance, accounting, or procurement.

Operations management.
- Operations managers are individuals who have a management role
in a core business area, such as research and development, design,
manufacturing, provisioning, testing, or maintenance.
Organizational Influences on Project
Management

-The organizational culture, style, and structure influence

how projects are performed. An organization’s degree of
project management maturity and its project management
systems can also influence the project.
END.