Instituto Politécnico Nacional

CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS CIENTÍFICOS Y TECNOLÓGICOS NO. 8

"Narciso Bassols García"

Grupo: 3IM13
Integrantes:
✔ López Alvarado Daniel
✔ Herrera Uribe Alondra Itzel
✔ Hernández Ortiz Adzin Yohualli
✔ Juárez Rendon Luis Gilberto
✔ Jardines Guerrero Juan Carlos
Grammatical structure of the infinitive

It is generally structured as follows: to + (verb root),

for example, to talk. (hablar)

Grammatical structure of the Gerund

It is structured with the infinitive form of the verb + the suffix

–ing, for example, the gerund of walk is walking.
 USE OF THE INFINITIVE
GERUND
Gerund is a verb from that functions as a noun.
Gerund verbs end in-ing
Infinitives
Infinitives are the dictionary forms of the verbs.
Full infinitives
They can be used afther certain verbs. We use them to express
purpose.
Bare infinitives
We use a bare infinitive after modal verbs.
 How is built a Gerund
There are 4 uses of gerund: subject, after a preposition, after certain verbs and after when and while.
We will explain in more detail below.
-Subject
The first use is as the subject of a sentence. Whenever a verb is the subject of a phrase, ing must be
added to it and conjugated in the singular.
+Learning English is important to get a good job. / Aprender inglés es importante para obtener
un buen trabajo.
-After preposition
The second use is the gerund in English in the verb that is put after a preposition like: before, after, in,
of, at, by, about, for, from, etc. These can come after a verb or an adjective.
+She apologizes for arriving late. / Ella se disculpa por llegar tarde.

-After certain verbs

In English when you have two verbs together you must put the second verb with ing, but only with after
certain verbs
+Mike enjoys singing opera. / Mike disfruta cantar ópera.
-After when and while
Finally, when you use when and while you can use the following gerund verb to avoid repeating the
previous subject.
+She always smiles when talking to me. / Ella siempre sonríe cuando me habla.
 How is built Infinitive
An infinitive is the basic (unconjugated) form of the verb and is usually accompanied by the preposition TO.

For example: to play, to go, to live, etc.

Subject
The first use is when we need a
verb as the subject of the
sentence, that is, at the beginning.
It is always conjugated in the
singular.
Purpose
The second use indicates a purpose or
intention of a person to do something
and answers the question "for what?"
In this specific case TO can be
translated as either to or to.
After adjective
The third use is after the adjective
to give opinions. In this case, the
adjective is always accompanied
by the verb to be.

After adverbs With WH Complement of the verb to be

The fifth use is to express our
opinion about something by
emphasizing quantity or
something negative. The infinitive
is previously accompanied by
adverbs too / demasiado y enough
/ suficiente.
The sixth use of the infinitive in
English is when we use a verb
after a WH word (what, when,
where, how, etc). Generally, it is
previously accompanied by verbs
like ask / preguntar, know / saber
y tell / decir.
The seventh occurs when the verb
To Be is accompanied by another
verb that is giving a description.
My mission is to teach you
French. / My mission is to teach
you French.
After certain verbs
•The fourth use is that when we have two Example
verbs in a row we must put the second with
an infinitive. But this applies only after Español Verb Gerund Infinitive
certain verbs, Choose: escoger
• Decide: decidir
• Expect: esperar
• Forget: olvidar Empecé a Begin I began singing. I began to sing.
• Hate: odiar cantar.
• Hope: esperar
• Intend: tener la intención de Prefiero comer Prefer I prefer eating I prefer to eat
• Learn: aprender más temprano. earlier in the earlier in the
• Like: gustar day. day.
• Love: amar
• Plan: planear Caminar es Walk Walking is good walk is good for
• Prefer: preferir bueno para tu for your health. your health.
• Remember: recordar salud.
• Want: querer
No me gusta sleep I don’t like I don't like to
• Agree: estar de acuerdo dormir... sleeping.. sleep...
• Promise: prometer
• Refuse: rehusarse
 Bibliografía
 https://www.britishcouncil.es/blog/verbos-con-to-o-con-ing-
en-ingles.
 https://www.aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com/2017/11/05/
infinitivo-infinitive/.
 https://www.aprenderinglesrapidoyfacil.com/2017/10/18/
gerundio-en-ingles/.
 https://www.britishcouncil.org.mx/blog/infinitive#:~:text=Por
%20lo%20general%20se%20estructura,encuentra%20expresar
%20opiniones%20o%20prop%C3%B3sitos.