SUN, MOON, STARS AND

BLACKHOLES

PRESENTATION MADE BY USING MICROSOFT POWERPOINT

SUN

As we all know Sun is a sphere like hot meatball in the space, Well
yeah its true that it is a sphere of hot hot gas floating around the
cosmos. But here is the full definition of the SUN.

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly
perfect sphere of hot plasma, heated to incandescence by nuclear
fusion reactions in its core, radiating the energy mainly as visible
light, ultraviolet light, and infrared radiation.
PARTS OF THE SUN

The sun is made up of six layers: core,

radiative zone, convective zone,
photosphere, chromosphere, and corona.
THIS IS THE PICTURE OF IT, LIVE SHOT FROM
THE COSMOS
MOON AND ITS PHASES

• As you may wonder what is the moon, and what is that sphere like
chunk of rock floating and rotating outside our planet.
• Well you may also ask yourself with a question, “We can live
without moon right?”.
• To answer that question…hmmm probably no, We cant live without
moon. Why? Well lets see in the next page.
MOON

• What is moon?
• The Moon is Earth’s only natural satellite and the fifth largest moon in
the solar system. The Moon’s presence helps stabilize our planet’s wobble
and moderate our climate. The Moon’s distance from Earth is about
240,000 miles (385,000km). The Moon has a very thin atmosphere called
an exosphere.
CAN WE LIVE WITHOUT THE MOON?

• It is the pull of the Moon's gravity on the Earth that holds our planet in
place. Without the Moon stabilising our tilt, it is possible that the
Earth's tilt could vary wildly. It would move from no tilt (which means
no seasons) to a large tilt (which means extreme weather and even ice
ages).
• In short “no we cant”.
PHASES OF MOON

The lunar phase or Moon phase is the shape of the Moon's directly sunlit
portion as viewed from Earth. The lunar phases gradually change over a
synodic month as the Moon's orbital positions around Earth and Earth
around the Sun shift.
ILLUSTRATION OF THE PHASES OF MOON
STARS

• What is a star?
• It is a sphere of glowing light in the space that is millions of light-years away
from the earth to the cosmos
• A star is an astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma
held together by its own gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun. Many
other stars are visible to the naked eye at night, but due to their immense
distance from Earth they appear as fixed points of light in the sky.
BIRTH OF STARS

• Stars are born within the clouds of dust and scattered throughout most
galaxies. … Turbulence deep within these clouds gives rise to knots with
sufficient mass that the gas and dust can begin to collapse under its own
gravitational attraction. As the cloud collapses, the material at the center
begins to heat up.
• As the cloud gets smaller, it breaks into clumps. Each clump eventually
becomes so hot and dense that nuclear reactions begin. When the temperature
reaches 10 million degrees Celsius, the clump becomes a new star. After their
birth, most young stars lie at the centre of a flat disc of gas and dust.
LIFE OF STARS

• The exact lifetime of a star depends very much on its size. Very large, massive
stars burn their fuel much faster than smaller stars and may only last a few
hundred thousand years. Smaller stars, however, will last for several billion
years, because they burn their fuel much more slowly.
• Massive stars transform into supernovae, neutron stars and black holes while
average stars like the sun, end life as a white dwarf surrounded by a
disappearing planetary nebula. All stars, irrespective of their size, follow the
same 7 stage cycle, they start as a gas cloud and end as a star remnant.
DEATH OF STARS

• Most stars take millions of years to die. When a star like the Sun has burned all of its hydrogen fuel, it
expands to become a red giant. … After puffing off its outer layers, the star collapses to form a very
dense white dwarf
• 7 stages of stars death.
• A nebula. A star forms from massive clouds of dust and gas in space, also known as a nebula.
• Protostar. As the mass falls together it gets hot.
• Main sequence star.
• Red giant star.
• White dwarf.
• Supernova.
• Neutron star or black hole.
BLACKHOLE

• What is a blackhole?
• A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing—no
particles or even electromagnetic radiation such as light—can escape from it. The
theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass can deform
spacetime to form a black hole.
• What is inside a blackhole?
• HOST PADI BOYD: While they may seem like a hole in the sky because they
don't produce light, a black hole is not empty, It's actually a lot of matter
condensed into a single point. This point is known as a singularity.