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Reproduction of the Inglehart-Welzel Cultural Map with Welzel’s New Value Measures

Country Distribution over the Map Culture Zone Areas on the Map
2.3 2.3
SECULAR

SECULAR
Note: Countries with the largest populations
2.0 in their area are highlighted in bold letters. 2.0
Japan
1.8 1.8 Sinic East
Latvia

1.5 China 1.5


Czech Republic
1.3 Lithuania Hong Andorra 1.3
Kong Croatia
1.0 Slovakia Norway 1.0 Reformed West
Estonia
Moldova Finland Returned West
Sacred vs. Secular Values

Sacred vs. Secular Values


0.8 Sweden 0.8
Montenegro Switzerland
0.5 South Korea Taiwan
Bulgaria
0.5
Bosnia Germany France
Albania Russia
0.3 Indonesia 0.3
Azerbaijan
Italy U.K. Old West
0.0 Vietnam Belarus New
0.0
Orthodox East
Iran Georgia Serbia Zealand Netherlands
India Ukraine Austria Slovenia
-0.3 -0.3
Saudi
Singapore Argentina Spain Indic East
Arabia Bahrain Uruguay
-0.5 Thailand -0.5
Pakistan Malay- Algeria Lebanon Chile Australia New West
-0.8
sia Turkey Kyrgyzstan Cyprus Canada -0.8
Iraq Armenia Zambia
Bangladesh Egypt Uganda Poland
-1.0 Libya U.S.A. -1.0
Kuwait Mali
Romania Dominican
Republic
Islamic East
-1.3 Yemen South Africa -1.3 Latin America
Rwanda
Ethiopia Peru Brazil
-1.5 Jordan -1.5
Colombia
Nigeria PhilippinesVenezuela Mexico
Sub-Saharan
-1.8 Morocco Tanzania -1.8
Africa
Trinidad-Tobago
-2.0 -2.0
Zimbabwe Ecuador
Qatar
-2.3 Ghana Guatemala -2.3 Note: Elipses mark one-standard
SACRED
SACRED

deviation area of country dispersal


-2.5 -2.5
arounfdthe culture zone midpoint.
-2.8 -2.8
-2.3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3 -2.3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3
PROTECTIVE Protective vs. Emancipative Values EMANCIPATIVE PROTECTIVE Protective vs. Emancipative Values EMANCIPATIVE
Reproduction of the Inglehart-Welzel Cultural Map with Welzel’s New Value Measures

Country Distribution over the Map Culture Zone Areas on the Map
2.3 2.3
SECULAR

SECULAR
Note: Countries with the largest populations
2.0 in their area are highlighted in bold letters. 2.0
Japan
1.8 1.8 Sinic East
Latvia

1.5 China 1.5


Czech Republic
1.3 Lithuania Hong Andorra 1.3
Kong Croatia
1.0 Slovakia Norway 1.0 Reformed West
Estonia
Moldova Finland Returned West
Sacred vs. Secular Values

Sacred vs. Secular Values


0.8 Sweden 0.8
Montenegro Switzerland
0.5 South Korea Taiwan
Bulgaria
0.5
Bosnia Germany France
Albania Russia
0.3 Indonesia 0.3
Azerbaijan
Italy U.K. Old West
0.0 Vietnam Belarus New
0.0
Orthodox East
Iran Georgia Serbia Zealand Netherlands
India Ukraine Austria Slovenia
-0.3 -0.3
Saudi
Singapore Argentina Spain Indic East
Arabia Bahrain Uruguay
-0.5 Thailand -0.5
Pakistan Malay- Algeria Lebanon Chile Australia New West
-0.8
sia Turkey Kyrgyzstan Cyprus Canada -0.8
Iraq Armenia Zambia
Bangladesh Egypt Uganda Poland
-1.0 Libya U.S.A. -1.0
Kuwait Mali
Romania Dominican
Republic
Islamic East
-1.3 Yemen South Africa -1.3 Latin America
Rwanda
Ethiopia Peru Brazil
-1.5 Jordan -1.5
Colombia
Nigeria PhilippinesVenezuela Mexico
Sub-Saharan
-1.8 Morocco Tanzania -1.8
Africa
Trinidad-Tobago
-2.0 -2.0
Zimbabwe Ecuador
Qatar
-2.3 Ghana Guatemala -2.3 Note: Elipses mark one-standard
SACRED
SACRED

deviation area of country dispersal


-2.5 -2.5
around the culture zone midpoint.
-2.8 -2.8
-2.3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3 -2.3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3
PROTECTIVE Protective vs. Emancipative Values EMANCIPATIVE PROTECTIVE Protective vs. Emancipative Values EMANCIPATIVE
2.3

SECULAR
Note: Countries with the largest populations
2.0 in their area are highlighted in bold letters.
Japan
1.8 Latvia

1.5 China
Czech Republic
1.3 Lithuania Hong Andorra
Kong Croatia
1.0 Slovakia Norway
Moldova Estonia
Finland
Sacred vs. Secular Values

0.8 Sweden
Montenegro Switzerland
0.5 South Korea Taiwan
Bulgaria
Bosnia Germany France
Albania Russia
0.3 Indonesia Azerbaijan
Italy U.K.
Vietnam Belarus New
0.0 Iran Georgia Serbia Zealand Netherlands
India Ukraine Austria Slovenia
-0.3 Saudi
Singapore Argentina Spain
Arabia Bahrain Uruguay
-0.5 Malay-
Thailand Lebanon Chile Australia
Pakistan Algeria
-0.8 sia Turkey Kyrgyzstan Cyprus Canada
Iraq Armenia Zambia
Bangladesh Egypt Uganda Poland
-1.0 Libya Dominican U.S.A.
Romania
Kuwait Mali Republic
-1.3 Yemen South Africa
Rwanda
Ethiopia Peru Brazil
-1.5 Jordan
Colombia
Nigeria PhilippinesVenezuela Mexico
-1.8 Morocco Tanzania
Trinidad-Tobago
-2.0
Zimbabwe Ecuador
Qatar
-2.3 Ghana Guatemala
SACRED

-2.5
-2.8
-2.3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3
PROTECTIVE Protective vs. Emancipative Values EMANCIPATIVE
2.3

SECULAR
Note: Countries with the largest populations
2.0 in their area are highlighted in bold letters.
Japan
1.8 Latvia

1.5 China
Czech Republic
1.3 Lithuania Hong Andorra
Kong Croatia
1.0 Slovakia Norway
Moldova Estonia
Finland
Sacred vs. Secular Values

0.8 Sweden
Montenegro Switzerland
0.5 South Korea Taiwan
Bulgaria
Bosnia Germany France
Albania Russia
0.3 Indonesia Azerbaijan
Italy U.K.
Vietnam Belarus New
0.0 Iran Georgia Serbia Zealand Netherlands
India Ukraine Austria Slovenia
-0.3 Saudi
Singapore Argentina Spain
Arabia Bahrain Uruguay
-0.5 Malay-
Thailand Lebanon Chile Australia
Pakistan Algeria
-0.8 sia Turkey Kyrgyzstan Cyprus Canada
Iraq Armenia Zambia
Bangladesh Egypt Uganda Poland
-1.0 Libya Dominican U.S.A.
Romania
Kuwait Mali Republic
-1.3 Yemen South Africa
Rwanda
Ethiopia Peru Brazil
-1.5 Jordan
Colombia
Nigeria PhilippinesVenezuela Mexico
-1.8 Morocco Tanzania
Trinidad-Tobago
-2.0
Zimbabwe Ecuador
Qatar
-2.3 Ghana Guatemala
SACRED

-2.5
-2.8
-2.3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3
PROTECTIVE Protective vs. Emancipative Values EMANCIPATIVE
2.3

SECULAR
2.0
1.8 Sinic East
1.5
1.3
1.0 Reformed West
Returned West
Sacred vs. Secular Values

0.8
0.5
0.3
Old West
0.0
Orthodox East

-0.3
Indic East
-0.5
New West
-0.8
-1.0
Islamic East
-1.3 Latin America
-1.5
Sub-Saharan
-1.8
Africa
-2.0
-2.3 Note: Elipses mark one-standard
SACRED

deviation area of country dispersal


-2.5
arounfdthe culture zone midpoint.
-2.8
-2.3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3
PROTECTIVE Protective vs. Emancipative Values EMANCIPATIVE
2.3

SECULAR
2.0
1.8 Sinic East
1.5
1.3
1.0 Reformed West
Returned West
Sacred vs. Secular Values

0.8
0.5
0.3
Old West
0.0
Orthodox East

-0.3
Indic East
-0.5
New West
-0.8
-1.0
Islamic East
-1.3 Latin America
-1.5
Sub-Saharan
-1.8
Africa
-2.0
-2.3 Note: Elipses mark one-standard
SACRED

deviation area of country dispersal


-2.5
around the culture zone midpoint.
-2.8
-2.3 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3
PROTECTIVE Protective vs. Emancipative Values EMANCIPATIVE
NOTES:

Culture Zone Classification: The culture zone classification is a revised version of Inglehart and Welzel’s (2005) earlier one, as documented
in Welzel (2013: 25-33). Islamic East: Core Islamic countries of the MENA region; Indic East: countries in Southern Asia; Sinic East:
countries in East Asia; Orthodox East: former parts of the Soviet Union; Old West: Western countries that were core parts of the Roman
Empire; Reformed West: Western countries that were leading the Reformation; New West: overseas offshoots of Western Europe.
Source: Country scores obtained by factor-analyzing (Kaiser-criterion, varimax rotation) the “disblief” and “defiance” components of
Welzel’s (2013: 63-73) Secular Values and the “choice” and “equality” components of his Emancipative Values on the country-aggregated,
time-pooled data of WVS rounds 1 to 6. Data are included in the SPSS-file “Welzel WVS 1 to 6 Key Aggregates.sav” downloadable at this
website (see variables “SVI-culmap” and “EVI-culmap”). Variables are documented in the PDF-file “Welzel Data Variable Descriptions.”
References: Inglehart, R & C. Welzel (2005). Modernization, Cultural Change and Democracy: The Human Development Sequence. New
York: Cambridge University Press. Welzel, C. (2013). Freedom Rising: Human Empowerment and the Quest for Emancipation. New York:
Cambridge University Press.

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