DIABETES MELLITUS

DI SUSUN OLEH :

INA ARDAYANI
NIM (P00324020068)
KELAS : 2 B
KEBIDANAN

DOSEN MENGAMPUH :
DR. TAMBUNAN, M.PD
 BACKGROUND

Diabetes Mellitus is a collection of symptoms that arise in a person caused

by an increase in blood sugar (glucose) levels due to insulin deficiency, both
absolute and relative (Suyono, 1995). DM is a disease that is a public health
problem. Therefore DM is listed in the fourth priority of national research for
degenerative diseases after cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, rheumatic and
cataract diseases (Tjokroprawiro, 2001).

Diabetes is one of the non-communicable diseases that will increase in

number in the future. Diabetes is one of the main threats to human health in
the 21st century. WHO estimates that in 2000 the number of people with
diabetes over the age of 20 was 150 million people and in the next 25 years, in
2025 that number will swell to 300 million people. (Suyono, 2006). Type II
diabetes mellitus is a more common type of diabetes, with more sufferers than
Type I Diabetes Mellitus. Type II diabetes mellitus patients reach 90-95% of the
total population with DM (Anonymous, 2005).
 PROBLEM FORMULATION

What is diabetes?
What causes diabetes?
What are the symptoms of diabetes?
How to treat diabetes?
How to avoid diabetes?
 DISCUSSION
 Definition Of Diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic or long-term disease characterized by elevated blood
sugar (glucose) levels to above normal values. There are two main types of
diabetes, namely type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

 Causes Of Diabetes
Diabetes is caused by a disturbance in the body, so the body is unable to
use blood glucose into cells, so glucose accumulates in the blood.

In type 1 diabetes, this disorder is caused by the immune system, which

normally attacks viruses or other harmful bacteria, instead attacking and
destroying insulin-producing cells. As a result, the body lacks or even cannot
produce insulin so that the sugar that should be converted into energy by
insulin causes a buildup of sugar in the blood. Whereas in type 2 diabetes, the
body can produce insulin normally, but insulin is not used normally. This
condition is also known as insulin resistance.
 Symptoms of diabetes
In fact, the symptoms of diabetes will be experienced differently by each person.
However, in general there are several symptoms that will be experienced by
people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, such as increased thirst, increased
frequency of urination, continuous fatigue, visual disturbances, and the
occurrence of continuous infections. Infections that occur generally occur in the
gums and skin. Meanwhile, in women, be wary of vaginal infections which can be
a sign of diabetes.

 How To Treat Diabetes

Treatment will be tailored to the type of diabetes you have. Insulin therapy is one
of the treatments that can be done by people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Meanwhile, people with type 2 diabetes will be given several types of drugs to
treat type 2 diabetes. However, generally there are several treatments that must
be done to lower the risk of diabetes, such as:
1) Doing a Healthy Diet
2) Regularly Doing Physical Activity
 Diabetes prevention
Do some of these healthy lifestyles to prevent diabetes:

1. Maintain ideal body weight by eating low-fat foods.

2. Eat high-fiber foods such as fruits and vegetables.
3. Reduce consumption of sugary foods and drinks.
4. Exercise regularly and do lots of physical activity.
5. Reduce the time sitting still too long, such as when watching television.
6. Avoid or quit smoking.
 CONCLUSION

Based on the above discussion, the authors conclude

that diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease
characterized by blood glucose levels exceeding normal
limits. If this disease is left uncontrolled, it will cause
complications that can be fatal, including heart disease,
kidney disease, blindness, and easy atherosclerosis. This
disease can be controlled by way of lifestyle and regular
exercise.
Thank you