Dynamic Host Configuration

Protocol (DHCP)

Presented by: Presented to:

1 Manish Neupane Roshan Kandel
4th Semester, N3 Network Management
2 Table of Contents

 What is a DHCP?

 How does DHCP work?

 Components of DHCP

 Benefits of DHCP

 Drawbacks of DHCP

 Conclusion

 References
3 What is a DHCP?

 DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network management protocol used to

dynamically assign an Internet Protocol (IP) address to devices, or nodes, on a network so
they can communicate

 DHCP allows hosts to obtain required TCP/IP configuration information from a DHCP
server,

 DHCP automates and centrally manages these configurations rather than requiring network
administrators to manually assign IP addresses to all network devices

 DHCP can be implemented on small local networks, as well as large enterprise networks.
4 How does DHCP work?
 DHCP runs at the application layer of the Transmission Control Protocol/IP (TCP/IP) stack
to dynamically assign IP addresses to DHCP clients and to allocate TCP/IP configuration
information to DHCP clients

 This includes subnet mask information, default gateway IP addresses and domain name

system (DNS) addresses.

 DHCP servers manage a pool of unique IP addresses, as well as information about client
configuration parameters, and assign addresses out of those address pools.

 DHCP-enabled clients send a request to the DHCP server whenever they connect to a
network.
 DHCP
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Fig: DHCP Server distributing IP to DHCP Clients

6 Components of DHCP
 DHCP Server: This is a networked device running the DCHP service that holds IP addresses and
related configuration information

 DHCP Client: This endpoint software requests and receives configuration information from a
DHCP server

 IP Address Pool: The range of IP addresses that are available to DHCP clients is the IP address.
Addresses are typically handed out sequentially from lowest to highest.

 Lease: The length of time for which a DHCP client holds the IP address information is known as
the lease. When a lease expires, the client must renew it

 DHCP Relay: A router or host that listens for client messages being broadcast on that network and
then forwards them to a configured server is the DHCP relay. The server then sends responses back
to the relay agent that passes them along to the client. 
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Benefits of DHCP
 Reliable IP address configuration: DHCP eliminates human error so that address conflicts,
configuration errors, or simple typos are minimized.

 Reduced network administration: DHCP provides centralized and automated TCP/IP

configuration. By deploying a DHCP relay agent, a DHCP server is not needed on every subnet.

 Mobility: DHCP efficiently handles IP address changes for users on portable devices who move to
different locations on wired or wireless networks.

 IP address optimization: DHCP not only assigns addresses, it automatically takes them back and
returns them to the pool when they are no longer being used.

 Efficient change management: DHCP makes it simple for an organization to change its IP address
scheme from one range of addresses to another. DHCP enables network administrators to make
those changes without disrupting end users.
8 Drawbacks of DHCP

 Devices must support DHCP configurations. If the DHCP server for the network is down,
the connected device will also be down.

 Tracing internet activity may be difficult as the same machine may have two or more
different IP addresses over a period of time.

 Not having a static IP means computers with DHCP cannot be used as servers as their IP
will change
9 Conclusion

 In a nutshell, the main theme of this presentation is to make you all clear
regarding the topic, DHCP. Here, I explained about the DHCP, its working
mechanism, the various components of DHCP and at last the benefits of DHCP.
At last, I would again want to thank our tutor, Mr. Roshan Kandel for providing
this opportunity.
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References

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). (2021). Retrieved 21 July 2022, from
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/networking/technologies/dhcp/dhcp-top

Weinberg, N. (2022). DHCP defined and how it works. Retrieved 21 July 2022, from
https://www.networkworld.com/article/3299438/dhcp-defined-and-how-it-works.html

What is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)?. Retrieved 21 July 2022, from
https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/DHCP

What is DHCP and why is it important?. Retrieved 21 July 2022, from

https://www.efficientip.com/what-is-dhcp-and-why-is-it-important/
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THANK YOU