MALLARD DUCK –

R I C E I N T E G R AT I O N

Prepared by: Lailanie Abalde

Introduction
• Duck is second to chicken in economic importance as
source of egg and meat. The predominant duck species
raised locally is the Philippine Mallard Duck “itik” or
“Pateros” ducks.
• Philippine Mallard Duck primarily raised for the
production of eggs for processing into “balut” and salted
eggs.
Types of Ducks
MALLARD DUCK MUSCOVY DUCK
Philippine Mallard Duck
Characteristics
• Egg type
• Ave. weight ranges from 1.4 to 1.5 kg
• No brooding instinct
• Highly adapted to local condition
• High livability
• Age at first lay of egg is 20-25 wks of age
• Average egg production is 50-55%
• Average Egg Weight is 65-70 g
• Egg production rate is 175/bird/laying year
Housing
• Build your duck housing in a quiet, cool place and near
as possible to a stream or pond. Local materials like
bamboo, nipa, and cogon are suitable for duck housing.
• Prepare each duck with at least 3 to 4 square feet of floor
space. Cover the floor with rice hulls, corn cobs, peanut
hulls, or similar materials to keep it dry and clean and
help prevent the spread of pests and diseases.
• You provide a swimming pond.
Housing
• House ducks are grouped according to size or age to
facilitate management and to avoid quarrels which is
common among ducks of different ages. Older ducks
tend to push out younger ones from feeding troughs.
Housing
Selection and Mating
• Select breeders when birds are about 8 weeks old, and
again at 4 to 5 months old before they are placed in
breeding pens.
• Pateros ducks start laying when they are 4 to 6 months
old.
• Eggs for hatching purposes should come from ducks not
less than 7 months old to ensure better fertility,
hatchability, and livability of offspring.
Selection and Mating
• Drakes (male ducks) should have the same age as ducks
or even be a month older. They should be raised
separately from ducks. They are put together only when
ready for mating.
• One drake maybe mated to 7 to 10 ducks
Sexing
• Vent
Sexing
• Plumage
Sexing
• Color
Hatching and Incubation
Hatching Day 28 days
Temperature-Incubator 38℃
Temperature-Hatcher 37℃
Humidity 80-85%
Ventilation To supply oxygen
Turning 4 times a day
Candling 7th, 14th and 21st day
Brooding
• Philippine mallard ducks are non-sitters and are not expected to
brood.
• After removing duckling from incubator, transfer them to
hardening boxes.
• Heat is necessary when brooding duckling at least during the
first week. When using incandescent light bulbs. 1-watt per bird
is required to maintain their body temperature. After one (1)
month of brooding, ducks can be raised in herding system.
Feeding
Traditional Practices
• Ducks at starter age (0-2 weeks) are fed with or boiled
rice supplemented with chopped trash fish or shrimps
with chick booster mash at a ratio of 3:1.
• During growing (3-20 weeks) ducks are allowed to go
out in pasture (rice fields) without any supplementation.
Feeding
Traditional Practices
• When ducks are ready to lay, they are placed under
confinement, fed with palay and fresh snails and
sometimes supplemented with commercial feeds.
• Supplement feeds such as palay, rice bran and other
feeds are given in separate feeding troughs.
Herding
• After 4-8 weeks of brooding, ducklings are drive to
adjacent field area
• Use newly harvested rice, land preparation, 1-2 weeks
after transplanting until but not before flowering.
Laying
• Transfer the layers two weeks before laying.
• Layers should not be disturbed or frighten to prevent
stress during laying
• Ducks lay eggs at night and early in the morning.
• It is advisable to gather the eggs immediately after
releasing the layers for their early morning feeding.
Pest and Disease Management
Age Type of Medication Route of Administration

1-7 days Antibiotic/sulfa drug Drinking water

8-14 days Antibiotic vitamin Drinking water
21-28 days Multivitamins Drinking water
2 month Antibiotic Drinking water
4 months Antibiotic vitamin Drinking water
4.5 months Fowl Cholera vaccine Intramuscular/Subcutaneous

Laying month Antibiotic vitamin Drinking water

Importance
• Duck and rice have symbiotic relationship.
• They help each other ducks provide organic fertilizer
(urine and manure)
• Snails, insect and weeds serves as natural feeds for the
ducks.
Benefits
• Weed Control
• Pest Control (insects,kuhol)
• Soil Conditioning and Fertility
• Less application of chemical fertilizers, insecticide and
herbicide
• Less labor
• Good for environment (reduce emission of methane
because of the stirring action of the ducks on the paddy
bottom)
• Less cost in production
Marketing
• Meat
• Egg (Fresh, Balut, Salted/Maalat)
• Ducklings
Salted Egg
• Rinse the eggs under running water and dry with a kitchen
towel. Make sure there’s no dirt left on them.
• Add the water and salt to a sauce pan, bring to a boil and cook
until the salt is fully dissolved. After that, let it cool down
completely.
• Place the egg and a glass jar and pour the cooled brine over the
eggs, making sure the brine covers all the eggs when they are
not afloat. You should have some brine left in this step.
• Put the leftover brine in a plastic bag and secure it with an
elastic band.
• Place the bag of brine on top of the eggs to stop them
from floating. This will ensure that every egg gets cured
and becomes equally salty.
• Close the lid of the jar and store at room temperature foe
21-30 days.
• Drain eggs from the solution.
• In a pot, place eggs and enough water to cover. Over
medium heat, bring to a boil, uncovered, for about 20 to
25 minutes or until hard-boiled.
• Proportion for Commercial/Mass Production
1.25 kg – 1 gallon
Century Egg
History:
Century Eggs are a legendary Chinese food that, after a
special processing method, become jelly-like and often
patterned. They also have a special aroma, making them
one of China’s favorite foods.

Note: Duck eggs are usually used, as they taste fresher

and are slightly saltier. Also the flavor and color are
unique.
Century Egg
Century Egg
Ingredient:
• 1L water
• 50g edible sodium hydroxide/Lye
• 50g salt
• Fresh duck eggs(chicken,quail)
Note: Plastic containers (never use plastic containers)
Method:
1. Place the water, salt, and sodium hydroxide in a large plastic
container. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, so be sure to wear plastic
gloves and be careful not to splash it on your skin, eyes or clothes.
Also, you must make sure you do not put the sodium hydroxide
solution in a glass container.
Century Egg
2. Carefully place the fresh eggs in the sodium hydroxide
solution.
3. Seal, and let the eggs sit for three weeks at room
temperature, while the egg whites solidify. After three
weeks, open the container and check the progress by
tapping one egg to see how much it has firmed up. If the
egg white is solid, remove it and rinse it, then place it
back in the container with the others for one more week.
Century Egg
Traditional Method:
1. After 10 days pour out the brine and pick out eggs,
rinse with water then dry.
2. Encase eggs to mud clay then cover with rice hull for
2 weeks
References
• https://www.wikihow.com/Tell-the-Sex-of-a-Baby-Duck
• https://www.agriculture.com.ph/2018/10/22/rice-duck-farming-i
s-profitable-and-good-for-the-environment
/