TETANUS VACCINATION

AWAN ROCHANIAWAN
04012782125011
TETANUS VACCINATION
Tetanus can be prevented through immunization with tetanus-toxoid-containing vaccines
(TTCV), which are included in routine immunization programmes globally and administered
during antenatal care contacts. 
To be protected throughout life, WHO recommends that an individual receives 6 doses (3
primary plus 3 booster doses) of TTCV. The 3-dose primary series should begin as early as 6
weeks of age, with subsequent doses given with a minimum interval of 4 weeks between
doses. 
The 3 booster doses should preferably be given during the second year of life (12–23 months),
at 4–7 years of age, and at 9–15 years of age. Ideally, there should be at least 4 years between
booster doses.

Reference : https://www.who.int/health-topics/tetanus#tab=tab_3
TETANUS VACCINATION
There are many kinds of vaccines used to protect against tetanus: 
1. diphtheria and tetanus (DT) vaccines
2. diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough) (DTaP) vaccines
3. tetanus and diphtheria (Td) vaccines
4. tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) vaccines.
The recommended vaccination
for children <6 years old is DPT,
for children 7-17 years old dTap,
and for adults and children aged 18 years and over Td or dTap.

Reference : https://www.who.int/health-topics/tetanus#tab=tab_3
TETANUS VACCINATION
DT (generic) and Td provide protection against diphtheria and tetanus.
DTaP provides protection against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough.
Tdap provides protection against tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough.
Upper-case letters in these abbreviations mean the vaccine has full-strength doses of that part
of the vaccine.
The lower-case “d” and “p” in Td and Tdap means these vaccines use smaller doses of diphtheria
and whooping cough.
The “a” in DTaP and Tdap stands for “acellular,” meaning that the whooping cough component
contains only parts of the bacteria instead of the whole bacteria.

Reference :https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/dtap-tdap-td/public/index.
TETANUS PROPHY;AXIS
Tetanus is a medical emergency requiring Immediate treatment with human tetanus immune
globulin (TIG)
Tetanus prophylaxis is determined by previous immunization and classifying low versus high-risk
wound(s):
1. unimmunized (less than 3 doses or unknown) versus immunized (greater than 3 doses),
2. low risk (clean and minor) versus high risk (contaminated, puncture, avulsions, or resulting
from missiles, crushing, burns, animal or human bites, or frostbite).
In an unimmunized individual with a low-risk wound, the tetanus vaccine is indicated;
if high risk, then both vaccine and human tetanus immune globulin (HTIG) are also indicated.

Reference : https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/tetanus.pdf