4G Technology

Presented by Suresh Kumar Ravi

4G Definition

4G

Fourth Generation Cellular Communication (4G)

4G is not one defined technology or standard, but rather a collection of technologies and protocols aimed at creating fully packet-switched networks optimized for data. 4G networks are projected to provide speeds of 100 Mbps while moving and 1 Gbps while stationary.

Evolution of Data Standards

4G
3G
2G
1G

First Generation Cellular Communication (1G)

The 1G cellular telephone system divided cities into small cells. This division allowed extensive frequency reuse across a city, allowing millions to use cell phones simultaneously. 1G cell phone technology encompassed analog standards introduced in the 1980s and continued until replaced by 2G digital cell phones.

Evolution of Data Standards

4G
3G
2G

Second Generation Cellular Communication (2G)

2G digital technologies can be divided into two standards:
TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) - GSM: Originally from Europe but used worldwide - iDEN: Proprietary network used by Nextel in the US - PDC: Used exclusively in Japan CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) - IS-95: Commonly referred to as CDMA and used in the Americas and parts of Asia

Evolution of Data Standards

4G
3G

Third Generation Cellular Communication (3G)

3G networks provide the ability to transfer voice data and non-voice data (music downloads, emails and instant messaging) over the same network simultaneously. 3G networks deliver broadband capacity and support greater numbers of voice and data customers at lower incremental costs than 2G.
- W-CDMA: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access - EVDO: Evolution-Data Optimized

Standards:

Overview
 Where are we?  Where do we Want to go?  3G vs 4G  4G Process  Challenges

Where are we?

 Hyper Lan- set of wireless Lan  1G-First Generation
Speech

 2G-Second Generation
SMS , MMS CDMA , GPRS , EDGE Voice Mail

 3G-Third Generation
Wireless Internet Video Calling Mobile TV

Where do we Want to go?

 High transfer rate  Internet access any where  Ability to move around with the same IP address  Utilization of Smart antennas  High resolution Mobile TV

Representative Wireless Standards

 GSM/TDMA
Time Division Multiplexing based access

 CDMA
Code Division Multiplexing based access

 OFDM
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

3G Vs 4G
Technology Data Transfer Rate Internet services Mobile -TV Resolution Bandwidth Frequency Network Architecture 3G 3.1MB /sec Broadband Low 5 - 20 MHz 1.6- 2 GHZ Wide Area Network 4G 100MB/sec Ultra Broadband High 100 +MHz 2 8 GHz Hybrid Network

Features of 4G Networks
4G networks are all-IP (Internet Protocol) based heterogeneous networks This will allow users to: Select any system at any time and any where Use Multiple systems at the same time (e.g. GPS and WLANs and CDMA)
A wide range of applications using only one 4G integrated terminal

Key 4G Mobility Concepts

 Mobile IP VoIP Ability to move around with the same IP address IP tunnels Intelligent Internet  Presence Awareness Technology Knowing who is on line and where  Radio Router Bringing IP to the base station  Smart Antennas Unique spatial metric for each transmission

Key Technologies Required for 4G

 OFDMA

-Time domain -Space domain -Frequency domain

Key Technologies Required for 4G

 MIMO Signal multiplexing between antennas

-Smart antennas
Well suited to OFDM

4G Possibilities

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3G
2G
1G
0G

Enhanced Mobile Gaming

Experience enhanced wireless capabilities that deliver mobile gaming interaction with latency less than five milliseconds. Play online multiplayer games while traveling at high speeds or sitting outside.

4G Possibilities

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3G
2G
1G
0G

Personal Media Repository Create a personal media repository that can be accessed from home and on the road to view photos, watch movies and listen to your personal music collection.

4G Possibilities

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3G
2G
1G
0G

Virtual Presence
Use hologram-generating virtual reality programs that provide an artificial presence just about anywhere. For example, decide if you want to personally respond when someone rings your front door while you are away from home.

4G Possibilities

4G
3G
2G
1G
0G

Broadband Access in Remote Locations

4G networks will provide a wireless alternative for broadband access to residential and business customers. In addition, 4G will provide the first opportunity for broadband access in remote locations without an infrastructure to support cable or DSL access.

Challenges
 Sufficient spectrum with associated sharing mechanisms.  Coverage with two technologies.  Caching technology in the network and terminals.  OFDM and MIMO.  IP mobility.  Multi-technology distributed architecture.  Fixed-mobile convergence (for indoor service).  Network selection mechanisms.