EHS302:

ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR
III B.Tech CSE
VI Semester
AY 2020-21
Course Outcomes:

After studying this course, students should be able to:

• Understand the behavior of people in the organization.
• Analyze the human perception and his needs.
• Understand the group behavior in the organization.
• Analyze the organizational structure.
• Analyze the organizational culture.
MODULE I: Introduction

 Organizational Behaviour (OB)

 Management Functions
 Management Roles,
 Management Skills,
 Systematic Study,
 Foundations of Individual Behaviour,
 Attitudes,
 Types of Attitudes.
What are Organizations ?

 Organizationsare groups of people who work

interdependently toward some purpose.
 Organizationshave existed for as long as people have
worked together.
 What is organizational behavior (OB)?

 The study of human behaviour, attitudes, and performance

in organizations. 
 OB is the study of what people think, feel, and do in and around
organizations.
 OB is the study of what people do in an organization and how their
behavior affects the organizations performance.
 Its
focus is on employee behavior, decisions, perceptions and
emotional responses.
why study ob?

 Understand behavior
 Predict behavior
 Influence behavior
 Study of OB, can improve a manager’s planning abilities
and increase organizational performance.
 To learn about yourself and how to deal with others.
Importance of OB

 OB provides a road map to our lives in organizations.

 OB uses scientific research to understand and make organization
life, as it helps to predict what people will do under various
conditions.
 It helps to influence organizational events – to understand and
predict events
 It helps individual understand herself/ himself in better fashion.
 It helps manager to manage human resources effectively.
 It is also useful in the field marketing.
Levels of OB

Organizational level

Group Level

Individual
level
Components of OB

Understanding
and managing OB
requires studying

Individuals in Groups and Organizational

organization Teams Processes
Manager

 Persons who direct and supervise the

activities of one or more employees.
Management

 Management is the technique of understanding

the problems, needs and controlling the use of
resources, cost, time, scope and quality.
Management functions

Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling
 Management functions: Planning

 Deciding in advance
 What to do?
 When to do?
 How to do?
 Who is going to do it?
 Sets the goal of an organization
 It encompasses defining an organization’s goals, establishing an overall
strategy for achieving those goals, and developing a comprehensive set of
plans to integrate and coordinate activities.
Management functions: organizing

 Organizing as a process involves:

 Identification of activities
 Classification of grouping of activities
 Assigning duties
 Delegation of authority and creation of responsibility
 Coordinating authority and responsibility relationships
 Organizing includes determining what tasks are to be done,  who
is to do them, how the task are to be grouped, Who reports to
whom and where decisions are to be made  
Management functions: leading

A function that includes motivating

employees, coordinating employees,
direct their activities, select the most
effective communication channels, and
resolve conflicts among members.
 Management functions: controlling

A function that includes monitoring activities to

ensure they are being accomplished as planned
and correcting any significant deviations.

Goals are being met Goals are not being met

Managers can take action to Managers must take corrective
maintain and improve action
performance
Role

A set of behaviors or tasks a person is

expected to perform because of the
position he or she holds in a group or
organization.
Management skills

 Technical skills
 Human skills
 Conceptual skills
Management skills

 Technical skills
 The ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise.
 Job specific knowledge and techniques
 Eg: Manufacturing, accounting, programming, marketing
etc.,
Management skills

 Human skills
 Theability to work with, understand and motivate other
people, both individually and in groups.
 Control the behavior of individual and groups.
Management skills

 Conceptual skills
 The mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex
situations.
 Ability to distinguish between cause and effect.
 Planningand organizing require a high level of
conceptual skill.
Cause and effect diagram
Cause and effect diagram (conceptual skill)
Cause and effect diagram (conceptual skill)
Cause and effect diagram (conceptual skill)
 Skills needed at different levels of
management

Level of Management Skills Needed

Top Management Human Conceptual

Technical
Human Technical Conceptual
Middle Management

Human
First Line Management Technical
Conceptual
Systematic Study

 It helps provide a stronger way to accurately predict

behaviour.
 It assumes that there is a pattern to the behaviour and that it
is not random.
 Systematic study believes that the patterns can be identified
and cultivated to improve individual performance.
 The method of accomplishing this is by examining behaviour,
looking for cause and effect and searching for specific
evidence.
Systematic study

 The steps in a systematic study are:

 Understand the problem and collect relevant
data.
 Make sure to examine the problem from all
sides and then develop a plan of action.
 Implement the solution.
Foundations of individual behavior

 Here we look at how individual differences in the

form of Ability and Biographical characteristics
affect employee performance and satisfaction.
Foundations of individual behavior: Ability

 Ability: An individual's capacity to perform various

tasks in a job

 Types of abilities:
Intellectual abilities and
Physical abilities.
 Foundations of individual behavior: Ability

 IntellectualAbility: abilities needed to perform mental activities for thinking

reasoning and problem solving.
 Dimensions of Intellectual Ability
Number aptitude
Verbal comprehension
Perceptual speed
Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Spatial visualization
Memory
Dimensions of intellectual ability
 (112 x 54) = ?
Number
aptitude A. 67000
B. 70000
C. 76500
D. 77200
Number
aptitude
Number aptitude

What is the unit digit in {(6374)1793 x (625)317 x (341491)}?

A. 0

B. 2

C. 3

D. 5
Number aptitude
 Verbal comprehension

Arrange the words given below in a meaningful sequence.

   1. Doctor    2. Fever    3. Prescribe    4. Diagnose    5. Medicine
A. 1, 4, 3, 2, 5

B. 2, 1, 3, 4, 5

C. 2, 1, 4, 3, 5

D. 2, 4, 3, 5, 1
Perceptual speed (Perceptual Speed is an awareness and
attention test to measure speed of visual perception and
processing of information.)
Inductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning
Spatial visualization
Spatial visualization
Memory
memory
Foundations of individual behavior: Ability

Physical Ability: The capacity to do task

demanding stamina, dexterity, strength, and
similar characteristics.
Strength factors
Basic Physical abilities
Flexibility factors
other factors
Foundations of individual behavior:
biographical characteristics
 Finding and analyzing the variables that have an impact
on employee productivity, absence, turnover, and job
satisfaction.
 Biographical characteristics such as:
 Age
 Gender
 Disability
 Length of tenure.
disability

Stephen Hawking
attitude
attitude

 Attitudesare evaluative statements or

judgements that are either favorable or
unfavorable about objects, people.
 They reflect how we feel about something.
 It shows our feelings about something.
Importance of attitude
Components of attitude

Cognitive component
Affective component
Behavioral component
Components of attitude: Cognitive
component
The opinion or belief segment of an
attitude.
For example, “My pay is low.”

 Cognitive meaning relating to or involving the processes of

thinking and reasoning
Components of attitude: affective
component

The emotional or feeling segment of

an attitude.
For example, ”I am angry over how
little I’m paid.”
Components of attitude: behavioral
component

An intention to behave in a certain

way toward someone or something.
For example, “ I’m going to look for
another job that pays better.”
Major job attitudes or types of attitudes

Job satisfaction
Job involvement
Organizational commitment
Major job attitudes

 Job satisfaction
A positive feeling about one’s job resulting
from an evaluation of its characteristics.
Major job attitudes

 Job involvement
The degree to which a person identifies with
a job, actively participates in it, and
considers performance important to self
worth.
Major job attitudes

 Organizational commitment
The degree to which an employee
identifies with a particular organization
and its goals and wishes to maintain
membership in the organization.