Advance Electronics

Real World
Applications Skillset
Development:

CISCO 3
LAYER
 Cisco 3 layer
Hierarchical Network
Model
• Core Layer
• Distribution Layer
• Access Layer

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The three layered model is the basic foundation for creating small and larger
Networks. Using this we can design a hierarchical network with dividing the
network into 3 different layers which also help us in reducing the network
complexity. Today’s networks are complex and large, wide variety of
technology, running multiple services and also having challenges with
functionality, increasing demand of bandwidth and compatibility with other
businesses and venders. So for designing large networks we need to have
such hierarchical model for designing our network.
Core Layer
Core Layer consists of biggest, fastest, and most expensive routers with the highest model

numbers and Core Layer is considered as the back bone of networks. Core Layer routers are

used to merge geographically separated networks. The Core Layer routers move information on

the network as fast as possible. The switches operating at core layer switches packets as fast as

possible.

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Core Layer
Some of key characteristics of core-layer are as following:
• Fast transport and large amount of data
• Redundancy
• High reliability and availability
• Low latency and good manageability
• Quality of service (QoS) classification, or other processes
• Fault tolerance
• Limited and consistent diameter

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Distribution Layer
The Distribution Layer is located between the access and core layers. The purpose of this layer is

to provide boundary definition by implementing access lists and other filters. Therefore the

Distribution Layer defines policy for the network. Distribution Layer include high-end layer 3

switches. Distribution Layer ensures that packets are properly routed between subnets and

VLANs in your enterprise.

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Distribution Layer
Some of key characteristics of distribution-
layer are as following:
• Security filtering
• Route filtering by source or destination address and
• Route summarization
filtering on input or output ports
• Departmental or workgroup access
• Hiding internal network numbers by route filtering
• Broadcast or multicast domain definition
• Policy-based connectivity
• Routing between virtual LANs (VLAN)
• Static routing
• Media translations (for example, between Ethernet
• QoS mechanisms, such as priority-based queuing
and Token Ring)
• Redundancy and load balancing
• Redistribution between routing domains (for
• Aggregation of LAN wiring closets and WAN
example, RIP redistribution into OSPF)
connections
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Access Layer

Access layer includes access switches which are connected to the end devices

(Computers, Printers, Servers etc.). Access layer switches ensures that packets

are delivered to the end devices.

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Access Layer
Some of key characteristics of access-
layer are as following: • Rate limiting/policing
• High availability
• Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) inspection
• Layer 2 switching
• Virtual access control lists (VACL)
• Port security
• Spanning tree protocol (STP)
• Broadcast suppression
• Trust classification
• QoS classification and marking and trust
• Power over Ethernet (PoE) and auxiliary VLANs
boundaries
for VoIP

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NETWORK SWITCH
A network switch connects
devices within a network (often
a local area network, or LAN*)
and forwards data packets to and
from those devices. Unlike
a router, a switch only sends data
to the single device it is intended
for (which may be another switch,
a router, or a user's computer), not
to networks of multiple devices.
LAYER 1 SWITCH
Layer 1 Switch
A physical layer switch, or Layer 1(L1)
switch, operates at the physical layer of the
Cisco Nexus 3550-H High-density Layer 1-144 Switch
OSI (Open System Interconnection) model.
The easiest way to think of a Layer 1 switch
is an electronic, programmable patch panel.
It simply establishes the physical
connection between ports. The connection
is established using software commands Cisco Nexus 3550-H High-density Layer 1-160 Switch

and thus, allows test topologies to be

automatically or remotely configured.
LAYER 2 SWITCH
Layer 2 Switch
A layer 2 switch is primarily responsible for transporting
data on a physical layer and in performing error checking
on each transmitted and received frame. A layer 2 switch
requires MAC address of NIC on each network node to
transmit data. They learn MAC addresses automatically
by copying MAC address of each frame received, or
listening to devices on the network and maintaining their
MAC address in a forwarding table. This also enables a
layer 2 switch to send frames quickly to destination
Cisco IE-4010-4S24P Industrial
nodes. However, like other layer switches (3,4 onwards),
Ethernet Switch
a layer 2 switch cannot transmit packet on IP addresses
and don’t have any mechanism to prioritize packets based
on sending/receiving application.
LAYER 3 SWITCH
Layer 3 Switch
Layer 3 switch is a special network device that has the functionality

of a router and a switch combined into one chassis. It works in our

network by simply allowing connected devices that are on the same

subnet or virtual LAN (VLAN) to exchange information at lightning

Layer 3 24-Port 10G SFP+ + 4-Port
speed, just like a switch that operates in the data link layer of the
100G QSFP28 Managed Switch
OSI model, but it also has the IP routing intelligence of a router

built into it.

It can inspect incoming packets in the network layer, support routing

protocols, and even make routing decisions based on the source and

destination IP addresses. With both its Layer 2 and Layer 3

capabilities, this device is popularly known also as a Multilayer

Switch. Just be mindful that Layer 3 switches do not have WAN Layer 3 24-Port 10G SFP+ + 4-Port
ports which should be considered while designing your network. 100G QSFP28 Managed Switch
THANK YOU!

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