COGNITIVE STYLE

Presented by :
Dievtha Mei Kiki (T20186041)
Musfi Muroqobah (T20186058)
Rizka Hartati (T20186071)
Muhammad Zainuri (T20186076)
 THEORIES OF LEARNING
• Behavioristic Behaviorism was
born in era when natural science were at the forefront of
scientific discovery.
• Cognitive Cognitivism is a
learning theory that focuses on the process involved in
learning rather that on the observed behaviour.
• Constructivist Constructivism is an
approach to learning that holds that people actively
construct
TYPES OF LEARNING

• Verbal Information
• Intellectual Skills
• Cognitive Strategies
• Motor skills
• Attitudes
TRANSFER , INTERFERENCE ,
AND OVERGENERALIZATION
• Transfer is a general term describing the carryover
of previous performance or knowledge to
subsequent learning.
• Interference of the first language in the second is
simply a form of generalizing that takes prior first
language experiences and applies them incorrectly.
• Overgeneralization is the incorrect application—
negative transfer— of previously learned second
language material to a present second language
context.
 LANGUAGE APTITUDE
Basically language aptitude is the
capability involving a special
propensity for learning an L2 or a
general ability to learn languages and
a complex of basic abilities that are
essential to facilitate foreign
language learning.
 INDUCTIVE AND
DEDUCTIVE REASONING

• A deductive argument is an argument that is

intended by the arguer to be (deductively) valid,
that is, to provide a guarantee of the truth of the
conclusion provided that the argument's premises
(assumptions) are true.
• An inductive argument is an argument that is
intended by the arguer merely to establish or
increase the probability of its conclusion
 INTELLIGENCE AND
LANGUAGE LEARNING

Intelligence is one of the factors which may

effect second/foreign language learning.
• Visual-Spatial Intelligence.
• Linguistic-Verbal Intelligence.
• Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence.