VACCINE

AWARENESS
 INTRODUCTION
● The COVID-19 pandemic has been the biggest global
health challenge the world has faced. Globally, there are
more than 100 million reported cases with the death toll
exceeding 2 million. In the Philippines, we have gone
beyond the 500,000 mark, leading to a major health and
socio-economic crisis.

● Several vaccines have already been rolled out in some

parts of the world, including the Philippines.
HOW DOES THE
VACCINE WORK?
VIDEO PRESENTATION
 Once the vaccine enters the
body, it is taken up first by
the antigen presenting cells
01 (APC) in the tissues, then
they migrate to lymph nodes
to present the vaccine
antigens to T helper cells.
These T helper cells activate
the B cells to proliferate and
produce neutralizing
The spike protein is the antibodies specifically
major virulent factor that is targeted against the spike
used by the SARS CoV-2 proteins.
virus to enter and infect
human cells. Many of the
COVID-19 vaccines use the
spike protein to stimulate the
immune system through
different platforms:
messenger RNA (mRNA),
viral vectors, protein subunit
or inactivated virus. 02
03
It also starts a cascade of
events that leads to
activation, proliferation, and
enhancement of function of
many types of immune cells
which results to a stronger
Some vaccines may also
response. Presently, there is
activate cytotoxic T cells
insufficient data on how long
that can kill cells infected
this immunity will last.
with SARS CoV-2. Once
natural infection occurs and
the virus enters the body, the
patrolling immune cells and
the specific neutralizing
antibodies will recognize the
spike proteins and prevent
the virus from entering and
infecting the host’s cells. 04
!
 VIRAL VECTOR VACCINES
In viral vector vaccines, the gene for COVID-19 spike protein is
inserted in the genome of a different virus (the vector). A
commonly used vector is the adenovirus, which is stripped off
its essential genetic materials for replication, rendering it
harmless. Once this vaccine is injected, the viral vector
delivers the genetic code to the host cell and uses the cell’s
machinery to produce and express the spike protein, which
triggers an immune response.
 THERE ARE TWO TYPES
OF VIRAL VECTORS

NON_REPLICATING REPLICATING VECTOR

VECTOR VACCINES
the virus does not infect the
cells nor make new viral
particles, so only the spike
protein is produced. All current
COVID-19 vaccines
undergoing phase 2/3 clinical
trials are non-replicating viral
vector vaccines.
VACCINES
the virus produces new viral
particles in the cells it infects,
which can then infect new host
cells that will also produce the
vaccine antigen.
 COVID-19 viral vector vaccines
Oxford-AstraZeneca
(ChAdOx1 nCoV-19)

CanSino Biologics (Ad5- Janssen

nCoV) (Ad26.COV2-S)

Gamaleya Research Institute

(Gam-COVID-Vac)
 THE mRNA VACCINES
The mRNA vaccines are novel forms of nucleic acid
vaccines. These vaccines contain the mRNA encoding the
SARS CoV-2 spike proteins and use a lipid-based
nanoparticle carrier system to allow penetration into the
host cells. Once injected, the mRNA uses the human
cell’s own machinery to produce the spike proteins to
stimulate an immune response. The mRNA is then
degraded by the cell’s own enzymes, and therefore no
viral genetic material is being integrated into the host
DNA.
 COVID-19 mRNA vaccines

Pfizer/BioNTech Moderna COVID-19 vaccine

(BNT162b2/Tozinameran (mRNA-1273)
/Comirnaty)
 PROTEIN SUBUNIT VACCINES
Covid-19 protein subunit vaccines contain specific
fragments of the spike protein of SARSCoV-2,
produced and harvested from non-human host cells.
These vaccines are usually administered with an
adjuvant (e.g. polysorbate, AS03 and Matrix-M). Once
injected, the spike protein subunit triggers an immune
response. No active viral infection occurs
 COVID-19 Protein subunit vaccines
Sanofi Pasteur

Clover-GSK Novavax

Clover-Dynavax
 WHOLE VIRUS
Conventionally, whole-virus vaccines can be classified as
either live attenuated vaccines or inactivated vaccines.
Live attenuated vaccines contain viruses with weakened
virulence, while inactivated vaccines contain viruses
whose genetic material has been destroyed to prevent
replication. However, inactivated vaccines can still elicit
an immune response. The Sinovac vaccine, Coronavac,
is an inactivated vaccine, mixed with an adjuvant, an
aluminumbased compound which further stimulates the
immune system.
 COVID-19 Protein subunit vaccines

Sinopharm Sinovac (Coronavac)

How effective is the COVID vaccine against Delta
variant?
Remember:
”Vaccines do not protect
us 100%, but it basically
give us more than 90%
against hospitalization and
getting severe cases”
 BASICALLY
All hospitalized COVID
19 Delta variants have
one thing in common,
they are
”UNVACCINATED”
Is Sinovac effective against the Delta variants?
- Researchers showed that preliminary results based on blood
samples from those vaccinated with its shot showed a three-
fold reduction in neutralizing effect against the Delta.

- Antibodies triggered are less effective against the Delta

compare with other variants.

- However, the shots could still offer protection, since none

of those vaccinated developed severe symptoms
- Indonesia who recently have surge in the Delta
variant reported hundreds of medical workers
infected by the virus despite being vaccinated
with Sinovac’s shots.

- However, It was not clear if they were infected

by the Delta variants
 A study by Public Health England (PHE) in May

- Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was 88% effective against

symptomatic disease from the Delta
AstraZeneca vaccine were 60%.
- Still no substantial data on Johnson&Johnson’s single
dose COVID-19 vaccine.
 The Good News
- Face Mask + face shield + physical distance WORKS and can interrupt
transmission.

- All our vaccines still PREVENT SEVERE DISEASE and DEATH. Most
breakthrough infections are ASYMPTOMATIC and MILD.

- The spread locally is steady, but not yet exponential. We can still taper its
spread and the increase in the number of cases

- The best combination for protecting yourself and your loved ones is to use ALL
the tools available to us.
 The Bad News:
• It has 1000-fold higher viral load than the old virus and is 3
times more contagious
• It can jump from one person to another in a matter of
minutes, no need to wait up to 15 minutes
• It becomes contagious earlier in asymptomatic patients
• Disease can be more severe, even in young people
• Vaccines seems to be less effective for preventing clinical
disease
 The BEST VACCINE
is what is readily available

The DOH reminds the public

that as the government continually
strengthens
our Health Care Capacity,
Continue observing the Minimum Public
Health Standards
and getting VACCINATED when its our turn
are still the BEST defense against any variant

Reactogenic reactions are managed
with supportive care. Mild allergic
reactions can be treated with
antihistamines. Anaphylaxis,
although rare, should be recognized
and managed promptly with
EPINEPHRINE. Every patient
should be observed for at least 30
minutes post-vaccination.
STATEMENTS
The ONLY current
contraindication to
COVID-19 vaccination is
an allergy to a previous
dose of COVID-19 vaccine
and any of its components Adverse reactions to vaccines
may occur and can range from
reactogenic reactions to allergic
reactions. A REACTOGENIC
REACTION is not the same as
an ALLERGIC REACTION.
 STATEMENTS

Patients with allergic reactions

to food,
inhalant/environmental
allergens, insects, latex, oral
medications, not related to
vaccines and their
Patients with immunodeficiency Patients with well-controlled
components, can receive
and autoimmune disease (e.g. asthma and on inhaled
COVID-19 vaccines.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Bell’s corticosteroids, and those with
palsy) may also get vaccinated but allergic rhinitis on intranasal
they should be informed that there corticosteroids can receive
is still not enough data available to COVID-19 vaccines.
establish vaccine safety and
efficacy in these conditions.
Q1 (WHY vaccinate? WHY BAKUnation?)

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken many lives, and continues to put many at
risk. It has also disrupted the economy, leaving many Filipinos jobless or
underemployed
2 With the availability of COVID-19 vaccines which can (1) prevent symptomatic
infection and possibly (2) prevent severe infection and (3) prevent transmission,
we have the opportunity to get ahead of the virus.
3 However, like many vaccines being used in the past decades, the protective effect
on our community is maximized only when at least 70% of the population get
vaccinated.
4 For example, if your barangay has 100,000 people, at least 70,000 should be
vaccinated to ensure protection of the community
5 So remember, this is not just about getting you or your family vaccinated, this is
about getting your barangay, city, province up for it.
Q2 So which vaccines will we use in the country?

2 There is currently a limited supply of vaccines all over the world. In fact,
80% of global stocks have been bought by high income countries
already.
3 Because no single company can provide for vaccines for 110 million of
us, the government is in talks with 7 manufacturers.  But rest assured
that only vaccines that have received Philippine FDA’s Emergency Use
Authorization or EUA will be bought and used.
4 The EUA provides the assurance that it has been thoroughly evaluated
and recommended by our various independent expert panels.
5 Also, please do not worry, COVID-19 vaccines cannot make you sick
with COVID-19.
Q3 (HOW MUCH will I have to pay?) 

2 Government will provide the vaccine for free. You do not need to pay for
anything to be vaccinated
Q4 (WHO gets the vaccine first?)

2 Because we need to ensure that our health system will be able to

continuously care for all of us, medical frontliners will be the first to
receive the vaccines..
3 This is to be followed by eligible senior citizens who are at greatest risk
of severe infection or deaths. We know from our local data that COVID-
19 is more dangerous for the elderly.
4 The EUA provides the assurance that it has been thoroughly evaluated
and recommended by our various independent expert panels.
5 The sequence of who will be prioritized have been determined with the
help of our experts
Q5 (WHEN & WHERE will I get vaccinated?)

2 The national government is working in partnership with our local

governments to get the vaccines to you. Your local government unit will
arrange for the registration and scheduling of vaccination.
3 Please wait for specific instructions and announcements from your
mayor or governor.
Q6 (WHAT TO DO BEFORE getting vaccinated?)
2 (INFORMED CONSENT)
While we wait for the vaccines to arrive, make sure you obtain accurate
information only from the right sources. Ask only licensed medical professionals
so that you are correctly advised regarding COVID-19 vaccination. Verify things
you may have read or heard. It is only when you are armed with the right
information can you rightfully decide yourself if you will be vaccinated.
3 (SCREENING)
Your health history will be crucial in determining whether you should get
vaccinated or what vaccines are appropriate for you. It is therefore important that
you take the health screening seriously. 
4 Show up on the day of your screening and declare your complete medical history
(e.g. allergies, risky behavior). The health care professional will only be able to
assess you correctly if you provide the correct information. If you did not undergo
screening, you will not be booked or scheduled for vaccination.
Q (WHAT TO DO on the day of vaccination?)
7

2 1. Go to your assigned vaccination site on time - of course wearing your mask and
face shield.

3 2. Before getting your shot, you will sign an informed consent form signifying your
willingness to be vaccinated and that you are aware of the benefits and risks of
the vaccine.
4 3. Follow the minimum health standards protocols in your vaccination site to keep
everyone safe (e.g. physical distancing appropriately
5 4. Immediately after being vaccinated, you will receive your vaccination card and
you will be asked to stay in the facility for 1 hour before you can go home. This is
to allow your health care providers to monitor if you will experience any unusual
symptoms, or what we call adverse events.  Because we take safety seriously,
monitoring will continue for until 12 months after you get your shot.
Q8 (WHAT TO DO after vaccination?)
2 (ADVERSE EVENTS) You may experience some side effects, similar to having
the flu but this should go away in a few days. Don’t worry, this is a normal sign
that your body is building protection. In most cases, discomfort from fever or pain
is normal but
3 do contact your health care provider if the redness or tenderness where you got
the shot increases after 24 hours or if your side effects are worrying you or do not
seem to be going away after a few days.
4 It is important that you report to the health authorities so experts can study
whether the adverse event was indeed a result of vaccination or a mere
coincidence. We don’t want to worry the public unnecessarily.
5 Also, with most COVID-19 vaccines, you will need 2 shots in order for you to get
the promised protection.
6 Get the second shot even if you have side effects after the first shot, unless your
healthcare provider tells you not to get a second shot.
Q9 (HOW TO CONTINUOUSLY PROTECT ME & MY FAMILY?)

2 Since it takes time for your body to build protection after any vaccination, you are
only protected until a week or two after your second shot.  Even then, vaccines
are just one of the many tools for us to stop the pandemic.
Q10 (AUTHENTICITY & COLD CHAIN)

2 Finally, know that only COVID-19 vaccines certified to be authentic and are
transported under strict cold chain conditions are able to provide full protection for
those who are vaccinated.
3 Vaccines are biological products and are sensitive - Counterfeit vaccines can
jeopardize your health and safety; so can vaccines that have been transported in
temperatures that are too hot or too cold.
4 The EUA provides the assurance that it has been thoroughly evaluated and
recommended by our various independent expert panels.
5 So make sure you access your vaccines from trusted and legitimate sources who
can assure you that the vaccines are produced by the real manufacturers and that
it is kept at the right temperature all the way from the manufacturing plant to your
arms.
 FAQ about vaccinations while ECQ
Tuloy pa rin ba ang pagbabakuna kahit ECQ?
- Oo. Sisiguraduhin ng mga Regional at Local Vaccines Operation Center (R/LVOCs) na tuloy pa rin
ang pagbabakuna, kahit sa mga lugar na nasa ilalim ng ECQ.

Kailangan ba magrehistro bago magpabakuna?

- Oo. Mahigpit na susundan ang pagkuha ng iskedyul at kailangan magrehistro para maiwasan ang
pagkukumpulan at paghahawaan ng COVID-19.

Maaari ba mag walk-in para mabakunahan?

- Hindi. Subalit maaaring payagan ng mga LGU ang mga senior citizen magpabakuna kahit hindi pa
nakapag-register, basta’t masusundan pa rin ang mga minimum public health standards.
Saan ako pwedeng magparehistro?
- Maaaring magrehistro online gamit ang iba’t ibang plataporma ng mga LGU o
makipag-ugnayan sa LGU para sa manual registration

Sino ang mga uunahin para sa registration at bakuna?

- Uunahin ang mga senior citizen (priority group A2) at ang mga may controlled
comorbidity o kontroladong karamdaman (priority group A3) sa pagreistro at pagbakuna.
Gayunpaman, patuloy pa rin dapat ang pagrehistro kahit sa ibang mga priority group.
 FAQ about vaccinations while ECQ
Tuloy ba ang pagbabakuna sa mga medical center at ospital habang ECQ?
- Hindi. Pagsamantalang ititigil ang pagbabakuna sa mga medical center at ospital.

Magbibigay ba ng transportasyon para sa mga magpapabakuna habang ECQ?

- Hinihikayat ang mga LGU na magbigay ng transportasyon para sa mga magpapabakuna at mga magtatrabaho sa
vaccination sites.
Ano ang iba pang paraan ng transportasyon na maaaring gamitin?
- Pinapayagan ng IATF ang patuloy sa pagbiyahe ng pampublikong transportasyon sa NCR habang
ECQ mula August 6 –August 20. Subalit ang mga Authorized Persons Outside Recidence (APORs)
lamang ang maaaring gumamit nito.

Pinapayagan ba ang “no vaccine, no work” policy?

- Hindi. Hindi dapat binabawalan ang mga empleyado na magtrabaho kung hindi sila
nakapagpabakuna.
THANK YOU!