PETANQU

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HISTORY OF PETANQUE

• Boules games have a very long history, dating back through the
Middle Ages to ancient Rome, and before that to ancient Greece and
Egypt.
• In France in the second half of the 19th century, a form of boules
known as jeu provençal (or boule lyonnaise) was extremely popular.
In this form of the game, players rolled their boules or ran three steps
before throwing a boule. Pétanque originally developed as an
offshoot or variant of jeu provençal in 1910, in what is now called
the Jules Lenoir Boulodrome in the town of La Ciotat near
Marseilles. A former jeu provençal player named Jules Lenoir was
afflicted by rheumatism so severe that he could no longer run before
throwing a boule. In fact, he could barely stand. A good friend
named Ernest Pitiot was a local café owner. In order to accommodate
his friend Lenoir, Pitiot developed a variant form of the game in
which the length of the pitch or field was reduced by roughly half,
and a player, instead of running to throw a boule, stood, stationary, in
a circle. They called the game pieds tanqués, "feet planted" (on the
ground), a name that eventually evolved into the game's current
name, pétanque.[4]
• The first pétanque tournament was organized by Ernest Pitiot, along
with his brother Joseph Pitiot, in 1910 in La Ciotat. The game spread
quickly and soon became the most popular form of boules in France.
• Before the mid-1800s, European boules games were played with
solid wooden balls, usually made from boxwood root, a very hard
wood. The late 1800s saw the introduction of cheap mass-
manufactured nails, and wooden boules gradually began to be
covered with nails, producing boules cloutées ("nailed boules").
After World War I, cannonball manufacturing technology was
adapted to allow the manufacture of hollow, all-metal boules. The
first all-metal boule, la Boule Intégrale, was introduced in the mid-
1920s by Paul Courtieu. The Intégrale was cast in a single piece
from a bronze-aluminum alloy. Shortly thereafter, Jean Blanc
invented a process of manufacturing steel boules by stamping two
steel blanks into hemispheres and then welding the two hemispheres
together to create a boule. With this technological advance, hollow
all-metal balls rapidly became the norm.
APAKAN ITU PETANQUE?

• Petanque adalah sejenis sukan yang menggunakan

“boule” atau bola yang diperbuat daripada logam
dan dimainkan mengikut peraturan-peraturan
tertentu. Bola akan dibaling mengikut cara-caranya
untuk menghampiri sasaran yang berupa sebiji guli
bagi membolehkan pemain mendapatkan mata
permainan. Mata penamat bagi permainan
petanque adalah 13 mata . Permainan petanque ini
boleh dimainkan antara tiga pemain lawan dua
pemain dan satu pemain lawan satu pemain
POPULATION OF PETANQUE

• After the development of the all-metal boule, pétanque

spread rapidly from Provence to the rest of France, then to
the rest of Europe, and then to Francophone colonies and
countries around the globe. Today, many countries have their
own national governing bodies.
• In France, the Fédération Française de Pétanque et Jeu
Provençal (FFPJP) has over 300,000 licensed members.
• There are strong national federations in Germany, Spain and 
England. Pétanque is actively played in many nations with
histories of French colonial influence, especially in 
Southeast Asia, including Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, 
Cambodia and Puducherry in India, as well as some parts of 
Africa. The sport is also popular in Madagascar and Thailand
.
• Pétanque was featured at the 2015 All-Africa Games hosted
by the Republic of the Congo, a former French colony.[5]
• Pétanque is not widely played in the Americas. There is a 
Canadian pétanque federation based in Québec. In the 
United States, the Federation of Pétanque USA (FPUSA)
 reports that about 30,000 play nationwide. As of 1
December 2015, FPUSA counted 2141 members in the US,
in 52 affiliated clubs.[6]
• On the international level, the governing body of pétanque is
the Fédération Internationale de Pétanque et Jeu
Provençal (FIPJP). It was founded in 1958 in Marseille and
has almost 800,000 members as of 2022.[7]
EQUIPMENT FOR
PETANQUE

• Terdapat dua pasukan dalam sukan petanque,

sama ada mengandungi satu, dua, atau tiga
pemain dalam satu pasukan
• In the singles and doubles games, each player
plays with three metal boules. In triples, each
player uses only two.
• The area where a pétanque game is played is
called a terrain. A game can be played in an open
area such as a public park, where the boundaries
of the terrain are not marked, or more formally on
a "marked terrain" where the terrain boundaries
are marked (traditionally, by strings tightly strung
between nails driven into the ground).
• In pétanque, players throw while standing in a
circle. Traditionally, the circle was simply
scratched in the dirt. Starting around 2005, red
plastic "prefabricated" circles were introduced
and are now widely used in formal games. A
circle drawn on the ground must be 35–50 cm
(14–20 in) in diameter, while a plastic circle must
have an inside diameter of 50 cm (20 in).