MATHS LAB ACTIVITY

CLASS-11
BY NITU KAUR SANDHU
SETS
Activity 1. Subsets
Activity 2. Distributive law for sets
ACTIVITY
1. OBJECTIVE
2. Material Required
3. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
4. DEMONSTRATIONS
5. OBSERVATION
6. CONCLUSION
 SUBSET

• Consider the sets :

• X = Set of all students in your school,
• Y = Set of all students in your class.
X = Set of all students in your school

Y = Set of all
students in your
class
NOTE

every element of Y is also an element of X;

we say that Y is a subset of X.
The fact that Y is subset of X is expressed in symbols as Y
⊂ X.
The symbol ⊂ stands for ‘is a subset of’ or ‘is contained
in’.
DEFINITION
A set A is said to be a subset of a set B if every element of A
is also an element of B.
In other words, A ⊂ B if whenever a ∈ A, then a ∈ B. It is
often convenient to use the symbol “ ⇒” which means
implies. Using this symbol, we can write the definiton of
subset as follows:
A ⊂ B if a ∈ A ⇒ a ∈ B
 EXAMPLES
(i)
The set Q of rational numbers is a subset of the set R of real
numbers, and we write Q ⊂ R.

Q R
IF A IS THE SET OF ALL DIVISORS OF 12 AND B
THE SET OF ALL PRIME DIVISORS OF 12, THEN
B IS A SUBSET OF A AND B

. we write
B⊂A

• 1 3
• 2
• 3 2
• 4
• 6
• 12
 Example 3

Let A = {1, 3, 5} and B = {x : x is an odd

natural number less than 6}.
 B = {x : x is an odd natural number less
than 6}.
B = {1, 3, 5}

A B
ACTIVITY1. SUBSETS
OBJECTIVE
To find the number of subsets of a given set
and verify that if a set has n elements, then
the total number of subsets is 2n.
MATERIAL REQUIRED
1.Drawing board
2. white paper sheets
3.pencil and scale
4. Different coloured pencils
METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
1. Take the empty set A, it has no elements.

AO ={ }
2. Take a set A1,, with one element only

A1= {a1}
3. Take a set A2, which has two elements only

A2 = {a1, a2}
4. Take a set A3, which has 3 elements only

A3 = {a1, a2, a3}

DEMONSTRATION
OBSERVATION
1. The number of subsets of is 1 =.
2. The number of subsets of is 2 =
3. The number of subsets of is 4 = .
4. The number of subsets of is 8 = .
5. The number of subsets of =.
6. The number of subsets of =.
CONCLUSION
If a set has n elements, then the number of subsets of set =
=
2n.
 ACTIVITY 2

Distributive law

1. (B∪C)