Classification and management of

wound, principle of wound healing,

haemorrhage and bleeding control
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PROBLEM CATEGORY:
HERBAL AND AYURVEDA

PROBLEM STATEMENT:-
DEVELOPMENT OF HERBAL
ANTISEPTIC WOUND
CLOSURE SPRAY
 Problem Description
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 ● Cuts and wound closing is a major issue in first aid and minor surgical
procedures. Paramedical
 staff and hospital staff require attention and skillful care of wounds along with
cumbersome
 materials for disinfection and wound closure.
 ● A medicated spray based containing ayurvedic/antiseptic medications with or
without
 medicated sprays of (tissue glues/superglues) will provide a better alternative
for providing rapid
 first aid therapy.
 ● Rapid wound closure will be helpful not only in the prevention of infection
along-with major
 blood loss in injuries due to calamities, accidents, sports injury, and soldierly
duties.
 ● Development of spray based formulation will help in better w
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WOUND
 What is a wound?
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 It is a circumscribed injury which is caused by an external

force and it can involve any tissue or organ.
surgical, traumatic
It can be mild, severe, or even lethal.

Simple wound
Compound wound

Acute
Chronic
 Parts of the wound
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Wound edge Wound
corner
Surface of
the wound

Base of the wound

Cross section of a simple wound

Wound edge
Wound Skin surface
cavity
Surface of Subcutaneus tissue
the wound
Superficial fascia
Muscle layer
Base of the wound
 The ABCDE in the injured assessment
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The mnemonic ABCDE is used to remember the order

of assessment with the purpose to treat first that kills
first.

 A: Airway and C-spine stabilization

 B: Breathing
 C: Circulation
 D: Disability
 E: Environment and Exposure
 Classification of the accidental wounds
1. Based on the origine
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I. Mechanical:
 1. Abraded wound (vulnus abrasum)
 2. Puncured wound (v. punctum)
 3. Incised wound (v. scissum)
 4. Cut wound (v. caesum)
 5. Crush wound (v. contusum)
 6. Torn wound (v. lacerum)
 7. Bite wound (v. morsum)
 8. Shot wound (v. sclopetarium)

II. Chemical:
 1. Acid
 2. Base
III. Wounds caused by radiation
IV. Wounds caused by thermal forces:
 1. Burning
 2. Freezing
V. Special
 Mechanical wounds
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1.) Abraded wound 2.) Punctured wound

(v. abrasum) (v. punctum)

 Superficial part of the epidermal  Sharp-pointed object

layer  Seems negligible
 Good wound healing
BUT
 Anaerobic infection
 Injury of big vessels and nerves
 Mechanical wounds
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3.) Incised wound

4.) Cut wound (v. caesum)
(v. scissum)
 Sharp object  Sharp object + blunt additional
 Best healing force
 Edges - uneven
 Mechanical wounds
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5.) Crush wound 6.) Torn wound

(v. contusum) (v. lacerum)

 Blunt force
 Great tearing or pulling
 Pressure injury  Incomplete amputation
 Edges – uneven and torn
 Bleeding

(v. lacerocontusum)
 Mechanical wound
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7.) Shot wound (v. scolperatium)

 Close - burn injury

 Foreign materials

aperture output

slot tunel unijured tissue

necrobiotic zone
necrotic zone
foreign bodies
 Mechanical wounds
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8.) Bite wound (v. morsum)

 Ragged wound
 Crushed tissue
 Torn
 Infection
 Bone fracture

 Prevention of rabies
 Tetanus profilaxis
 Classification of the wounds
2. According to the bacterial contamination
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Clean wound
Clean-contaminated wound
Contaminated wound
Heavily contaminated wound
 Classification of the wounds
2. Depending on the depth of injury
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Superficial
Partial thickness
Full thickness
Deep wound

+ bone, opened cavities, organs…etc.

source: http://www.funscrape.com/Search/1/skin+layers.html
 Types of wound healing
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 Healing by primary
intention

 Healing by secondary
intention

 Healing by tertiary
intention

source: http://quizlet.com/13665246/chapter-3-tissue-renewal-regeneration-
and-repair-flash-cards/
 HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICINE
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CALENDULA OFFICINALIS

A most remarkable healing agent, applied locally.

Useful for open wounds, parts that will not heal, ulcers, etc.
Promotes healthy granulations and rapid healing by first
intention.
Pain is excessive and out of all proportion to injury.
Eyes.--Injuries to eyes which tend to suppuration; after
operations; blenorrhœa of lachrymal sac.
Promotes favorable cicatrization, with least amount of
suppuration. Slough, proud flesh, and raised edges.
Superficial burns and scalds. 
 HOW TO MAKE SPRAY
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Calendula Spray comes with the goodness of

Calendula officinalis which is a wonderful herb for
skin due to its potent anti- inflammatory and
moisturising properties. Calendula is beneficial for
dry or damaged skin as it greatly heals, soothes, and
softens skin. You need a natural first aid remedy that
contain the antibiotic properties of herbs like
calendula.
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physical harm from an external source, it can be a

deeply distressing or disturbing experience. An
injury is damage caused to your body by events like
accidents, weapons, falls, hits, and more. Trauma is
the emotional response to it and Immediately after
the event, shock and denial are typical symptoms.
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Action of Calendula Spray:

• Prevent suppuration,
• Favours phagocytosis and healing,
• Remarkable power to produce local exudation,
• The greatest healing agent.
Composition:
• Calendula officinalis Ø,
• Alcohol content – Not more than 86% v/v
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 Action & Indications of Ingredients of Omeo Calendula Spray

(Literature reference)—Calendula officinalis – Calendula is
almost specific for clean, surgical cuts or lacerated wounds, to prevent
excessive suppuration. This agent has been extensively employed for its
local influence in lacerated wounds and open sores, where it relieves
the pain and soreness and favours phagocytosis and healing. External
wounds with or without loss of substance; torn and jagged looking
wounds, post-surgical operations, to promote healthy granulation and
prevent excessive suppuration and disfiguring scars. It is the
homoeopathic antiseptic – it restores the vitality of an injured part,
making it impregnable against the forces of putrefaction. It is therefore
suitable to all cases of injury where the skin is broken.
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Direction of Use: Wash the affected area and spray

directly or over the gauze dressing.
Caution: Consult your homoeopathic physician if
symptoms persist or worsen.
Contraindications & Known Adverse Reactions:
None known
Shake well before use. Store in a cool, dark and dry
place. Keep all medicines out of the reach of
children.
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Application: Wash the affected area and spray

Bjain Omeo Calendula Spray directly or over the
gauze dressing. For external use only avoid content
with mucous membrane and eyes.
Presentation: 30ml
Storage: Store in cool and dry place.