Find your reading taste

1.What types of stories do you love to read?

2.What reading materials do you have at home?
3.Where do you feel more comfortable to read?
4.How often do you read?
5.How much do you love to read?
6.How do you perceived library books?
 Introduction to Philippine Literature

Title
Subtitle

Professor : Ms. Diana Dg. San Diego

Criminology-2nd Year
Philippine Literature

• a diverse and rich group

of works that has evolved
side by side with the
country's history
Scaffolds
For
learning Literature

What I What I want to

know know more
about about
Literature literature
What is Literature?
LITERATURE
• L iterat ur e i s from the L ati n wo rd Li ttera

• Bri tt an ica de fi nes l i terature as a body of wri ti ng belongin g to a given lan gua ge or peopl e.

• T he 11 t h edi ti o n of Merri am -Webs t er ’s C ol l e gi ate D icti onar y defi nes literatu re as “ Wri ting
hav ing excel l ence o f fo rm”

• L iterat ur e co vers both oral a nd wri t ten fo rms of work s w hic h manif est ex press ive or
im ag i nati ve qual i ty, nobi l i ty of thou ghts , ti m el es sness , and las tly, uni versa lity.

• L iterat ur e takes s i g ni fi c ant hum an ex pe ri ences as i ts m ain s ubj ect.

• It mai nl y di s cus s es vari ou s di m ens i o ns of l i f e as w ell a s it s m iseries and glori es.

• O thers defi ne, Li terature as a fai th ful reproduc ti on of man’s man ifol d expe rie nc es bl ended
in to o ne harm oni ous ex pres s i on.
 Why We need to
study
Philippine Literature?
We s t u d y l i t e ra t u r e s o t h a t w e c a n b e t t e r

a p p r e c i a t e o u r l i t e r a r y h e r i t a g e . We c a n n o t a p p r e c i a t e
s o m e t h i n g t h a t w e d o n o t u n d e r s t a n d . Th r o u g h a s t u d y o f
our literature, we can trace the rich heritage of ideas
h a n d e d d o w n t o u s f r o m o u r f o re f a t h e r s . Th e n w e c a n
u n d e r s t a n d o u r s e l v e s b e t t e r a n d t a k e p ri d e i n b e i n g a
Filipino.

Li ke ot her races of t he worl d, we need t o underst and

that we have a great and nobl e t radi ti on which can
serve as the m eans t o assim il ate other cult ures.

Through such a st udy, we wi ll reali ze our li terary

li mi tati ons conditi oned by certain hi stori cal factors
and we can take steps t o overcome t hem .
 Importance of
Philippine Literature
Importance of Philippine Literature

1. Reading great literature exercises the 5. Reading literature encourages

imagination
2. Reading literature transports us out
of our current situation into other
periods and places.
contemplation, and improves our
language and vocabulary skills.
6. Reading literature helps us
understand humanity.

3. Reading literature enables us to see

the world through the eyes of others.

4. Great works of literature have played

a fundamental role in shaping society
KEY FEATURES OF LITERATURE
1. Literature is a form of communication

2. Literature is an art

3. Nobility of thoughts

4. Timelessness

5. Universality

6. Literature has utility

Journeys to Meaningful Learning

What I
have
discovered
new about
literature
General Types
of Literature
Prose - Consists of writing that does not adhere to any par ticular
formal structures (other than simple grammar).
1. Prose Drama - a drama in prose form. It consists entirely of dialogues in prose and meant to be
acted on stage.

2. Essay -a short literary composition which is expository in nature. The author shares one of his
thoughts, feeling, experiences or observations on some aspects of life that have interested him.

Example: Carmen Guerrero Nakpil "Where is the Patis"

3. Prose Fiction - (something invented, imagined or feigned to be true)

Prose
3. Prose Fiction - (something invented, imagined or feigned to be true)

a.) Novel - a long fictitious narrative with a complicated plot. It may have a main plot and one or more
sub-plots that develop with the main plot. Characters and action representative of the real life of past
or present times are portrayed in a plot. It is made up of chapters.

Example: Without Seeing the Dawn by Steven Javellana

b.) Short Story - a fictitious narrative compressed into one unit of time, place and action. It deals with
a single character interest, a single emotion, a series of emotions called forth by a single situation. It
is distinguishes from the novel by its compression.
Prose
• Example: Dead Star by Paz Marquez Benitez.

• 4. Biography and Autobiography

• a.) Biography -a story of certain person's life written by another who know him (the former) well.

• Example: Cayetano Arellano by Soccoro O. Alberto

• b.) Autobiography -a written account man's life written by himself.

• E x a m p l e : A Wo m a n w i t h N o F a c e b y M s . P i l a r P i l a p i l

• 5. Letter -a written message which displays aspects of an author's psychological make-up not immediately apparent
in his more public writings. It is a prose form which by the force of its style and the importance of it statement
become an object of interest in its own right.

• 6. Diary -a daily written record or account of the writer's own experience thoughts activities or observations.

• 7. Journal -a magazine or periodical especially of a serious or learned nature.

Other Prose Forms:
• Historical Prose * Anecdote

• Scientific Prose * Parable

• Satirical Prose * Pamphlet

• Current Publication * Eulogy

• Literary Criticism *Speech

• Book Review

• Philosophy

• Travel .

• Parody
POETRY - A composi ti on usuall y written in verse. Heavily relies on i mager y,
precise word choice, and metaphor

• Poetry is derived from a Greek word poesis meaning “making or creating".

• Poetry is a kind of language that says it more intensely than ordinary language does.
Apparently, we have to remember five things about poetry. (Baritugo, 2004, p. 1)

• 1. Poetry is a concentrated thought.

• 2. Poetry is a kind of word- music.

• 3. Poetry expresses all the senses.

• 4. Poetry answers our demand for rhythm.

• 5. Poetry is observation plus imagination.

SOME OF THE BEST DEFINITIONS OF POETRY

• Ge m ino A ba d c ont end s t ha t “A p o em i s a m ea n in g f u l o r ga n i za t io n o f w o r ds ”.

• T. S Eli ot ca te g ori ze d p oe tr y a s “ Th e f u s io n o f t wo po le s o f m in d , e mo t i o n a n d
th o u gh t ”.

• M a nu el Vi ray s ta te s th at “ Po etr y i s t h e un i o n o f t h o u g h ts a n d fe el in g s.”

• Wi ll ia m Wa dswor th say s, “Po et r y is th e sp o nt a n eo u s ov e r fl ow o f p owe r f u l fe el in g s

r ec o r d ed i n t ra n qu i l ity.”

• E dg a r A ll an Poe th in k s ,”It is t h e rhy t h m ic c r ea ti o n o f b ea u ty ”.

• Per cy B. Sh el ly st at es , ”I t is t he re c or d o f th e b es t an d h ap p i es t mo men ts o f the h ap p ie st

an d b est min d s .”

• J ai m e G . A ng posi ts , “ Po e tr y i s t h e ‘es s en ce’ o f t h e cr ea t iv e i m ag in a ti o n o f m a n”.

POETRY
TYPES OF POETRY - 1. NARRATIVE POETRY

a. Epic -a long narrative poem of the largest proportions. A tale centering about a hero
concerning the beginning, continuance, and the end of events of great significance- war,
conquest, strife among men who are in such a position that their struggles take on tribal
or national significance.

Example: “Biag- Ni-Lam-Ang” by Pedro Bukaneg

b. Metrical Romance -a narrative poem that tells a story of adventure, love and
chivalry. The typical hero is a knight on a quest.

c. Metrical Tale -a narrative poem consisting usually of a single series of connective

events that are simple idylls or home tales, love tales, tales of the supernatural or tales
written for a strong moral purpose in verse form.
2. LYRIC POETRY

• Song - a lyric poem in a regular metrical pattern set to music. These have twelve
syllables (dodecasyllabic) and slowly sung to the accompaniment of guitar or
banduria.

Example: Florante at Laura by Francisco Balagtas

• Corridos (kuridos)- these have measures of eight syllables (octosyllabic) and recited to a
material beat.

Example: Ibong Adarna by Jose Dela Cruz (Huseng Sisiw)

• Sonnet- a lyric poem containing fourteen iambic lines, and a complicated rhyme

Example: Santang abad by Alfonso P. Santos

2. LYRIC POETRY

• Ode- a lyric poem of some length serious in subject and dignified in style. It is most the
most majestic of the lyric poems. It is written in a spirit of praise of some persons or
things.

Example:

• Elegy- a poem written on the death of a friend of the poet. The ostensible purpose is to
praise the friend, but the death prompts the writer to ask,”If death can intervene, so cruelly
in life, what is the point of living?” By the end of the poem, however, we can expect that
poet will have come to terms with his grief.

Example: The Lover ’s Death by Ricardo Demetillo

Types of Poetry

d. Ballad- the simplest type of narrative poetry. It is a short narrative poem telling a single
incident in simple meter and stanzas. It is intended to be sung.

e . Po pul a r Ba l l ad -

f. Mod er n or Ar t i st i c-

g. Me tr i ca l All eg or y-
POETRY
Key Elements of POetry
3. Dramatic Poetry

• Comedy

• Melodrama

• Tragedy

• Farce

• Social Poems