Lesson 1.

The Circulatory System

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 Learning Competency

At the end of this lesson, the given DepEd learning

competency should be met by the students.

Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems

work together to transport nutrients, gases, and other
molecules to and from the different parts of the body
(S9LT-la-b-26).
 Learning Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

do the following:

● Determine the parts and functions of the human

circulatory system.

● Determine the composition of the blood.

 Transportation of
fundamental
elements like
nutrients, water, and
gases to different
cells in the body is
essential to support
life in living
organisms.
The respiratory system is essential
for the exchange of gases between
an organism and its environment.

These gases, particularly oxygen,

are then distributed all throughout
an organism’s body via the
circulatory system.
 How do the
oxygen from
the air we
breathe in and
the nutrients
from the food
we eat reach
the different
cells of the
body?
 Try it!
Warm-Up

Blood Cell Model

1. Put the red gelatin and white rice

grains inside a resealable plastic bag.
2. Squeeze the contents.
3. Compare their amounts.
4. Observe what it looks like and how it
feels like.
 Learn about It

Circulatory System
• The major system responsible for the distribution and
pumping of the blood.

• The components that serve as the transportation in the

human body are composed of the blood, the blood vessels,
and the heart.
 Learn about It

Composition of Blood
• An average person has four to six liters of blood.

• Blood is responsible for transporting materials and for

immune defense.

• The major components of blood can be divided into the

extracellular fluid and the formed elements.
 Learn about It

Extracellular Fluid
Plasma
• Plasma is the fluid part
of blood.

• It holds the blood cells

in suspension and
makes up 55% of the
blood’s volume.
Components of blood
 Learn about It

Formed Elements
Red Blood Cells
• It is the most
abundant cells in the
blood.

• Nearly 40% of the

blood's volume is red
blood cells.
Components of blood
 Learn about It

Formed Elements
Red Blood Cells
• It takes oxygen in the
lungs and deliver it to
the tissues.

• It also transports
carbon dioxide to the
lungs.
Components of blood
 Learn about It

Formed Elements
White Blood Cells
• Immunity cells
involved in protecting
the body against
infectious agents and
foreign bodies.

Components of blood
 Learn about It

Formed Elements
Types of White Blood
Cells
• Neutrophils respond
to bacterial and fungal
infections.

• Basophils aid in
allergic reaction.
Components of blood
 Learn about It

Formed Elements
Types of White Blood
Cells
• Eosinophils help in
controlling parasitic
infection and allergic
reaction.

Components of blood
 Learn about It

Formed Elements
Types of White Blood
Cells
• Lymphocytes are for
viral infection and
adaptive immunity.

Components of blood
 Learn about It

Formed Elements
Types of White Blood
Cells
• Monocytes are for
chronic infections and
part of the innate
immunity.

Components of blood
 Learn about It

Formed Elements
Platelets
• Help in clotting of
blood to stop
bleeding.

• Aggregates on the
injured portion of the
blood vessel.
Components of blood
 Learn about It

The Heart
• The heart is composed of
strong cardiac muscle
tissues that continuously
contract and relax to
pump blood all
throughout the body

Heart
 Learn about It

The Heart
• It has four major chambers:
two atria and two
ventricles.

• These chambers highly

coordinate in pumping
blood that must deliver O2
to the tissues and take
CO2 for disposal.
Heart
 Learn about It

Types of Blood Vessels

Types of blood vessels

 Learn about It

Types of Blood Vessels

• Arteries - deliver oxygen-rich blood to the cells, away from
the heart. As arteries penetrate the organs, they decrease in
diameter and become arterioles.

• Veins - return oxygen-poor blood from the cells back to the

heart. As the veins go inward the organs, they decrease in
diameter and become venules.
 Learn about It

Types of Blood Vessels

• Capillaries are small blood vessels that connect arteries
and veins.

• These can penetrate the inner portion of different

organs and facilitate the transfer of oxygen, carbon dioxide,
and dissolved substances in and out of your blood.
 Key Points

● The circulatory system transports nutrients, gases, and molecules to

and from the different parts of the body and is composed of blood, the
blood vessels, and the heart.

● The blood is composed of the plasma, red blood cells, white blood
cells, and platelets.

● Three basic types of blood vessels are the arteries, veins, and
capillaries.

● The heart plays a vital role in pumping blood throughout the body.
 Check Your Understanding

Label the parts

of the heart and
describe their
corresponding
functions.
 Bibliography

Johnson, George B. and Peter H. Raven. 2001. Biology: Principles & Explorations. Austin: Holt, Rinehart and
Winston.

Mader, Sylvia S. 2014. Concepts of Biology. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.

McLaughlin, Daniel P., Jonathan A. Stamford, and David A. White. 2007. Human Physiology. London:
Routledge.

Reece, Jane B. and Neil A. Campbell. 2011. Campbell Biology. Boston: Benjamin Cummings/Pearson.

Riddel, Jennifer. 2012. Your Body's Systems. Pdf. Open School BC.

Weller, Alan. 2011. Human Anatomy. New York: Dover Pictura Electronic.