Philosophy of Education

By: Ms. Ekjot kaur

Introduction
 It is a scientific, systematic inquiry about the
ultimate reality in the universe.
 It is the basis of understanding man.
 It is the study of general and fundamental

problems, such as those connected with

reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason,
mind and language.
Definition of Philosophy
 According to Henderson: “Philosophy is a
search for comprehensive view of nature,
attempt at a universal explanation of nature
of things.”
Relationship b/w Philosophy &
Education
 Education and philosophy, the two
disciplines, are very closely related and in
some areas they overlap each other.
 Philosophy and education are two sides of the

same coin.
 Education is practical in nature and

philosophy is theory.
Four Main Theories of Education
 Idealism
 Realism
 Naturalism
 Pragmatism
Idealism
 The word idealism has been derived from
ideas.
 According to this theory “God is everything”

and he is the supreme power of nature.

 The goal of all human activities is the

realization of universal mind in his own self.

 Main aim of human life is to achieve spiritual

values i.e., truth, beauty and goodness.

Thinkers of Idealism
 M.K.Gandhi
 Swami Vivekanand
Idealism and Education
 Educational idealists believe that man is born
with spiritual self. He can realise his
spirituality and understand its true nature
only through the agency of education.
 Ideals of race and its cultural pattern are

preserved, transmitted and modified

subsequently in the light of new situation.
Realism
 This theory is based on science and
technology.
 Realism is an outcome of scientific

development.
 By observation, experimentation and

examination if it is found to be true can be

considered as real.
 Realism is directly related to man and society.
 Through realism, man is able to enjoy the
comforts of society, after getting all the joys
of life.
 Realism provides education, which is useful

for life where man can enjoy his activities and

comforts in reality.
Thinkers of Realism
 Wheat Bead
 Erraum
Naturalism
 According to this theory matter is everything.
 Human life is a part of nature, it is a self-

sufficient having its own natural matter

natural force and natural laws.
 It emphasis on matter and physical world.
 It does not believe in spirituality and

supernaturalism.
Contt….
 Human nature develop according to the laws
obeyed by heavenly bodies, as they move in
their orbits.
 Educational materials should be the facts and

phenomenon of nature.
 Education makes the individual, natural man.
Thinkers of Naturalism
 Herbert Spencer
 Aristotle
 plato
Pragematism
 Derived from the word “Pregma”
 Practice makes the man perfect.
 By practice makes the man perfect.
 It believes in imparting education with

reference to human needs.

 It enables the child to solve his daily

problems and also to lead a better and happy

life by creating new values.
Thinker of Pragematism
 Dawey
THANK YOU