Tribal health

in India

Happy doctors day

CONTENTS

– Introduction

– Demographic profile

– Burden of disease in tribal community

– Healthcare infrastructure and tribal development

– Facilities for scheduled tribes under National Health Mission

INTRODUCTION

– ARTICLE 366(25).

– 104 million tribal people in India-8.6%

– Tribal people-marginal and their healthcare- unsolved problem.

Demographic profile

– Mainly in 18 states.

– Mainly live in rural areas, hilly and forested region.

– Concentration high in north east region.

– Sex ratio balanced than national average.

Literacy rate :
– has improved but still short of national average.
Life expectancy:
o Average is slightly lower than national average.

RMNCH+A strategy:

o Infant, child and maternal health and healthcare is poorer

compared to national average.
Burden of disease in tribal
community:
– Epidemiological transition in tribal areas also

– Health care needs of tribal people is more

– Triple burden—communicable disease, non communicable

diseases and mental illness.
1.Communicable diseases:

– Mainly TB, malaria, leprosy and also STDs, AIDS, diarrhea, skin
infections, hepatitis.

A) TB(higher prevalence than rest of the country:- RNTCP)

B) Leprosy(NLEP- statistics and functioning)

C) Malaria and other vector borne diseases(NVBDCP-functions)

2.Non-communicable diseases:

– Early epidemiologic transition in tribal areas-increase of NCD

incidence.

a) Hypertension- High prevalence and low awareness.

b) Blindness and visual impairment-NPCB & VI(Statistics and

functions)
3.Genetic disorders:
 sickle cell disease, thalassemia and G6PD
deficiency.

4.Mental health and addictions:

 A high proportion of population use alcohol and
tobacco- serious consequences.

5.Animal attacks and violence in

conflict areas:
 Snake, dog and scorpion attack common.
Healthcare infrastructure and tribal
development
– Challenge for planners and policy makers.

– TSC/STC- FIFTH 5 year plan…

– Ministry of tribal affairs and ministry of health and family welfare—

functions.
Facilities for schedule tribes under National
Health Mission:

Health care infrastructure: Health human resource:

 HSC, PHC and CHC(norms  Huge gap in human resource in
and stats)
health centres in tribal areas.

 Expert committee headed by

Dr,Abhay Bang(by MoHFW&
MoTA) recommendations
Thank you