INTRODUCTION TO LAW

LAW
Any rule of action or any system of
uniformity, not only activities of
men, but also movements or
motions of all objects of creation in
general.
KINDS OF LAW IN GENERAL:

Divine Law
Natural Law
Moral Law
Physical Law
State Law
CHARACTERISTICS OF STATE LAW:

 Rule of Conduct – tells what shall be done

and shall not be done.
 Obligatory – duty to obey
 Promulgated by legitimate authority
 For common observance and benefits
“Law is intended by man to serve
man, to maintain harmony in
society, to make order – for the
benefit of all”
SOURCES OF LAWS IN THE PHILIPPINES:

Constitution
Legislation
Administrative Rules and Regulations
Judicial Decisions
Customs
“The ultimate end of the law is
justice.”
CLASSIFICATIONS OF STATE LAWS:

A. as to purpose:

1. Substantive Law – creating, defining and regulating

rights and duties.

2. Adjective/Remedial/Procedural Law – prescribing

the manner and procedure by which rights may be
enforced.
B. as to subject matter:

1. Public Law – regulates the rights and

duties of the state to the people

2. Private Law – regulates the relations of

individuals with one another for purely
private ends.
LAW ON OBLIGATIONS AND
CONTRACTS:

 Body of rules which deals with the nature and

sources of obligations, and the rights and duties
arising from agreements and particular contracts.
 Embodied in Book IV of R.A. 386 (New Civil
Code of the Philippines), approved on June 18,
1949 and took effect on Aug. 30, 1950.