CO N E OF EX P E RI EN CE

EDGAR DALE
The Cone is a visual
analogies, it does not
bear an exact and
detailed relationship to
the complex elements if
represents.
Edgar Dale
WHAT IS THE CONE OF EXPERIENCE?
• First introduced in Dale’s 1946 book,
Audiovisual Methods in teaching.

• Designed to “show the progression of

learning experiences”
DIRECT AND PURPOSEFUL EXPERIENCE
• Direct, First hand experience
• Have a direct participation in the outcome
• Use of all senses
CONTRIVED EXPERIENCE
• Models and Mock-ups
• Editing of reality
• Necessary when real
experience cannot be
used or are to complicated
DRAMATIZED EXPERIENCE
• learners can participate in a
reconstructed experiences
• learners become more familiar with the
concept as they emerge themselves to
the “as-if” situation
• Divided into two categories
• Acting – actual participation
• Observing – watching a
dramatization take place
DEMONSTRATION
• Visualized explanation of an
important fact, idea, or
process
• Shows how certain things are
done
FIELD TRIPS
• Watch people do
things in real
situations
• Observe an event that
is unavailable in the
classroom
EXHIBITS
• Something seen by a spectator
• Most of the time, exhibits are
experiences that is “for your eyes”
• Allows student to see the meaning
and relevance of things based on
the different pictures and
representations presented
EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION AND MOTION
PICTURES
• it implies values and messages through television and films

TELEVISION Motion Picture

• Bring immediate • Can re-create events with
interaction with events simplistic drama that even
around the world. slower students can grasp
RECORDINGS, RADIO AND STILL PICTURES
• Can often be understood by
those who cannot read
• Helpful to students who
cannot deal with the motion
or pace of a real event or
television
 VISUAL SYMBOLS
• Charts, maps, graphs, and diagrams are
used for abstract representations
• Chalkboard and overhead projector the
most widely used media
• Help stdents see an idea, event, or
process
VERBAL SYMBOL
• Not involve visual representation
or clues to their meanings
• Things involved in this level are
words, ideas, principles, formula,
and the likes.
THANK YOU