APPLICATION OF

BIOTECHNOLOGY
Application of cell culture

Cell culture is a technique which involves isolation

of cells from animal or plant body that is from their
natural environment and practicing to grow isolated
cells in specific media in plastic flask or petri dish
in controlled and artificial condition
Cell culture means to keep cells alive and grow in
an in vitro condition in media which are widely used
for the research and diagonotic purposes
A primary culture refers to the starting culture of
cells tissues or organs taken directly from an
organism does
the primary culture is initial culture before the first
subculture the term cell line is used for propagation
of cultures after the first subculture
Production of cell culture

primary
mechanical Enzymatic
explant
disintegration disintegration
technique
The term cell line refers to propagation of culture
after the first subculture in other words once a
primary culture is subculture it becomes a cell line
The cell lines with limited culture lifespans are
referred to as finite cell lines
The continuous cells lines are transformed,
immortal and tumorigenic
 Studies on intracellular activity example cell
cycle differentiation ,metabolism

Elucidation of intracellular flux example

Uses of animal cell hormonal receptors, signal transduction
culture
studies related to cell to cell interaction
example cell addition and motilility
metabolic corporation

evaluation of environmental interaction

example cytotoxicity, mutagenesis
 Model Systems Animal cell culture provides a great model system for studying basic cell biology and metabolism.

Toxicity Testing Animal cell cultures are widely used to prevent animal testing for toxicity testing of new drugs, chemicals,
and cosmetics. Major animal cell cultures used in this domain are Kidney- and liver-derived cell cultures.

Application of
cell culture Cell-based Manufacturing Animal cell cultures can be used for the large-scale production of viruses to be used in vaccine
production. This strategy has been used for various vaccines like polio, rabies, measles, chickenpox, and hepatitis B. Other
than virus production, animal cell culture can be used for the production of genetically modified products for medical and
commercial value. The types of products can be monoclonal Abs, insulin, hormones, etc.

Drug Screening and Development In the pharmaceutical industry, animal cell culture-based assays have become increasingly
important. They are used not only for toxicity but also for high throughput drug screening.

Cancer Research Animal cell cultures have been used for biomarker and molecular studies in oncology research.
Virology Animal cell culture has been used in the replication of viruses to bypass the use of
animal models. These replicated viruses can be used for vaccine production or basic virus
isolation and research.

Genetic Engineering Genetic engineering revolves around the idea of reprogramming genes to
produce new proteins. Transfection is the ability to induce new genetic material in cells. Animal
cell cultures can be used for transfection to produce new proteins in large quantities for clinical
study or therapeutic purposes.

Gene Therapy As we know animal cell cultures can be used for genetic engineering, these
engineered cells can be also be used for therapy. Cells can be removed from a patient and can
be replaced by engineered cells having the desired functional gene. An alternative approach is
to add the missing gene in the patient’s cells using a viral vector.

Stem Cell Therapy Animal cell cultures of stem cells, especially mesenchymal and
hematopoietic stem cells, have been used for stem cell therapy applications and stem cell
research.
reference
https://kosheeka.com/9-applications-of-animal-cell-culture/
Biotechnology by U. Satyanarayana