5th Meeting

MODUL 1
ACADEMIC ENGLISH
GRAMMAR IN USE
Kuscahyo Budi Prayogo
FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS

DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY
SEMARANG
COMPOUND SENTENCE
COMPOUND SENTENCE.
Coordinating Independent Clause Independent Clause

Conjunction CC
Idea 1 Idea 2
COMPOUND
SENTENCE
COMPOUND SENTENCE.

Conjunction CC
Idea 1 Idea 2
COMPOUND Independent Clause Independent Clause

SENTENCE
Semi Colon ;
Idea 1 Idea 2
COMPOUND SENTENCE.

Conjunction CC
Idea 1 Idea 2
COMPOUND Independent Clause Independent Clause

SENTENCE
Semi Colon ;
Idea 1 Idea 2
Transitional Words Independent Clause Independent Clause

and Phrases ;…,
Idea 1 Idea 2
COMPOUND SENTENCE
A. COORDINATING CONJUCTIONS
COMPOUND SENTENCE.
1. The dog barked all night.

2. The neighbors did not complain.
COMPOUND SENTENCE.
1. The dog barked all night. The simple sentence is exceptionally useful and
2. The neighbors did not complain. powerful for its strength is in its singleness of
purpose. Some of the greatest statements in
literature have been presented in the simple
sentence. However, If ideas are closely related, some
equal in importance and some not, combining
sentences to show the relationships between ideas is
the best choice.
COMPOUND SENTENCE.
2. The neighbors did not complain. powerful for its strength is in its singleness of purpose.
Some of the greatest statements in literature have been
presented in the simple sentence. However, If ideas are
To communicate two equally important and closely related, some equal in importance and some not,
closely related ideas, place them close combining sentences to show the relationships between
together using a compound sentence. ideas is the best choice.
COMPOUND SENTENCE.
2. The neighbors did not complain. powerful for its strength is in its singleness of purpose.
Some of the greatest statements in literature have been
presented in the simple sentence. However, If ideas are
To communicate two equally important and closely related, some equal in importance and some not,
closely related ideas, place them close combining sentences to show the relationships between
together using a compound sentence. ideas is the best choice.
A compound sentence is made up of two or more simple sentences (independent clauses). One way
to form a compound sentence is by joining two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction
preceded by a comma.
COMPOUND SENTENCE. COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
Coordinating conjunctions join two ideas of equal importance. They describe the relationship
between two ideas, showing how and why the ideas are related. Different coordinating
conjunctions have different meanings.
Coordinating
Conjunction
Independent Clause Independent Clause
Idea 1 Idea 2
Coordinating
Conjunction
Independent Clause , for Independent Clause
Idea 1 , and Idea 2
, nor
, but
, or
, yet
, so
Two Sentences: The internship at the magazine is very prestigious. Many interns have gone on to get
good jobs.
Two Sentences: European immigrants arrived at Ellis Island. Asian immigrants arrived at Angel Island.
Two Sentences: The internship at the magazine is very prestigious. Many interns have gone on to get
good jobs.
Two Sentences: European immigrants arrived at Ellis Island. Asian immigrants arrived at Angel Island.
The internship at the magazine is very prestigious , for many interns have gone on to get good
Independent Clause jobs. Independent Clause
Idea 1 Idea 2
European immigrants arrived at Ellis Island , but Asian immigrants arrived at Angel Island.
For shows a reason:

I am very tired, for I worked very hard to day. He acts like a child, for he craves attention.
And shows equal ideas:
I am very tired, and I want to rest for a few minutes. He acts like a child, and people think he is cute.
Nor indicates a negative choice or alternative:
I am not tired, nor am I hungry right now. He does not act like a child, nor does he look like one.
But shows contrast:
I am very tired, but I have no time to rest now. He acts like a child, but he is an adult.
Or indicates a choice or an alternative:
I will take a nap, or I will go out jogging. He acts like a child, or he is ignored.
Yet indicates contrast:
I am tired, yet I am unable to relax. It was late, yet I decided to take a bus home.
So points to a result:
I am tired, so I will take a nap. He acts like a child, so we treat him like one.
COMPOUND SENTENCE. COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS. PRACTICE 1.
Joining Ideas with Coordinating Conjunctions

A. In each of the following sentences, fill in the blank with an appropriate coordinating conjunction.
There may be more than one correct answer for some sentences.
Example: Millions of people get motion sickness while traveling, and it can turn an enjoyable
experience into a nightmare.
1. Nearly 60 percent of children get carsick or airsick, _____ many also get sick on amusement park
rides.
2. Some amusement park operators are aware of this, _____ a major theme park recently handed out
“stomach distress” bags to customers.
3. Most people have experienced motion sickness at one time or another, _____ there are ways of
easing or even avoiding its effects.
4. Motion sickness happens when a person’s eyes and ears sense that she is moving one way, _____
her brain detects movement in another way.
5. When in a car, you want to see the car’s movement while you are feeling it, _____ sit in the front
seat and watch the road.
6. On a ship, you need to find a level point to focus on, _____ you should keep your eyes on the
horizon.
7. When you are flying, choose a window seat, _____ look outside to watch and sense the plane’s
movement.
8. You can get a prescription for medication to prevent motion sickness, _____ you can also find some
effective over-the-counter medications.
9. Taking ginger may be an even better way to prevent motion sickness, _____ you can simply buy
ginger tea or raw ginger at a supermarket.
10. If you use a medication, be sure to take it one hour before you travel, _____ there may not be
enough time for it to take effect.

B. Combine each pair of sentences into a single sentence by using a comma and a coordinating
conjunction. In some cases, there may be more than one correct answer.
Example: Americans have recently experienced unpleasant shocks at the gas station. People in the United States
still pay lower gas prices than much of the world.
Revised: Americans have recently experienced unpleasant shocks at the gas station, but people in the United
States still pay lower gas prices than much of the world.
1. Gasoline prices are lower in the United States than in many other industrialized countries. Most
Americans do not find this news comforting.
2. People in the United States are used to low gas prices. Many drivers feel cheated when prices
increase.
3. European drivers pay more than five dollars a gallon for gasoline. Gas prices in Asia have been
triple those in the United States.

B. Combine each pair of sentences into a single sentence by using a comma and a coordinating
conjunction. In some cases, there may be more than one correct answer.
4. Canadians also pay higher gas prices than Americans pay. The taxes on gasoline are higher in
Canada than they are in this country.
5. Few people would argue that gasoline prices in the United States are too low. The rea-son for these
relatively cheap prices is that gasoline is not heavily taxed.
6. In many countries, taxes on gasoline support social services. The money may also pay for research
on reducing air pollution.
7. Gasoline taxes can help to pay for roads. They can raise money for research into fuel efficiency.
8. However, taxes on gasoline are very unpopular with most drivers. Politicians are note ager to vote
for gasoline taxes.
9. Many Americans do not want to pay gas taxes of even two or three cents per gallon. Most also do
not want to spend tax money on mass transit systems.
10. Gasoline prices will probably never be as high in the United States as they are in Asia. A few
Americans are not sure that this is a good thing.

C. Fill in the coordinating conjunction—and, but, for, nor, or, so, or yet—that most logically links the
two parts of each compound sentence. Remember to insert a comma before each coordinating
conjunction.
Example: Fairy tales have been told by many people around the world, , __but_ the stories by two German
brothers may be the most famous.
(1) Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm lived in the nineteenth century _____ they wrote many well-known fairy
tales. (2) Most people think fondly of fairy tales _____ the Brothers Grimm wrote many unpleasant and
violent stories. (3) In their best-known works, children are_____ abused endings are not always happy.
(4) Either innocent children are brutally punished for no _____ reason they are neglected. (5) For
example, in “Hansel and Gretel,” the step mother mistreats the children _____ their father abandons
them in the woods. (6) In this story, the events are horrifying _____ the ending is still happy. (7) The
children outwit the evil adults _____ they escape unharmed. (8) Apparently, they are not injured
physically_____ are they harmed emotionally. (9) Nevertheless, their story can hardly be called pleas-
ant _____ it remains a story of child abuse and neglect.

D. Write another simple sentence to follow each of the sentences below. Then, connect the sentences
with a coordinating conjunction and the correct punctuation.
Example: Many patients need organ transplants, __but_ there is a serious shortage of organ donors.
1. Smoking in bed is dangerous. ________________________________________________

2. Some cars are equipped with GPS systems. ____________________________________
3. Diamonds are very expensive. _______________________________________________
4. Kangaroos carry their young in pouches. _______________________________________
5. Dancing is good exercise. ___________________________________________________
6. Motorcycle helmet laws have been dropped in some states. ______________________
7. Some businesses sponsor bowling leagues for their employees. ___________________
8. Pretzels are a healthier snack than potato chips. ________________________________
9. Many so-called juices actually contain very little real fruit juice. ____________________
10. People tend to resist change. ________________________________________________

E. Add coordinating conjunctions to combine some of the simple sentences in the following paragraph.
Remember to put a comma before each coordinating conjunction you add.
Example: Years ago, few Americans lived to be one hundred. Today, there are over 32,000 centenarians.
Revised: Years ago, few Americans lived to be one hundred, but today, there are over32,000 centenarians.
PAR 1.
(1) Diet, exercise, and family history may explain centenarians’ long lives. (2) This is not the whole story.
(3) A recent study showed surprising similarities among centenarians.(4) They did not all avoid tobacco
and alcohol. (5) They did not have low-fat diets. (6) In fact, they ate relatively large amounts of fat,
cholesterol, and sugar. (7) Diet could not explain their long lives. (8) They did, however, share four key
traits. (9) First, all the centenarians were optimistic about life. (10) All were positive thinkers. (11) They
also had deep religious faith. (12) In addition, they had all continued to lead physically active lives. (13)
They remained mobile even as elderly people. (14) Finally, all were able to adapt to loss. (15) They had
all lost friends, spouses, or children. (16) They were able to get on with their lives.
PAR 2.
“(1) Fred is a van driver. (2) He was fed up with long trips. He looked in the situations vacant pages of
his local newspaper. (3) A local supermarket was advertising for van drivers for a new delivery service.
(4) He applied for the job by completing an application form. (5) He sends it in.
(6) Harry is a building engineer. (7) He needs a job. (8) He saw a job in the appointments pages of one
of the national papers. (9) He made an application. (10) He sent in his CV (curriculum vitae - the 'story'
of his working life) and a covering letter. (11) He explained why he wanted the job and why he was the
right person for it.
PAR 3.
(1) The process of finding people for particular jobs is recruitment. (2) In American English, it is called
hiring. (3) Someone who has been recruited is a recruit. (4) in American English, it is a hire. (5) The
company employs or hires them. (6) They join the company. (7) A company may recruit employees
directly. (8) A company may use outside recruiters, recruitment agencies or employment agencies. (9)
Outside specialists called headhunters may be called on to headhunt people for very important jobs.
(10) They persuade them to leave the organizations they already work for. (11) This process is called
headhunting.
PAR 4.
“(1) I work for a large European car maker. (2) I work on car design. (3) In fact, I run the design
department. (3) I manage a team of designers: 20 people work under me. (4) It's very interesting. (5)
One of my main responsibilities is to make sure that new model designs are finished on time. (6) I'm
also in charge of design budgets. (7) I deal with a lot of different people in the company. (8) I'm
responsible for co-ordination between design and production. (9) I work with managers at our
manufacturing plants.”
PAR 5.
A full-time job is for the whole of the normal working week. A part-time job is for less time than that.
You say that someone works full-time. You say that someone works part-time. Meanwhile, a
permanent job does not finish after a fixed period. A temporary job finishes after a fixed period. You
talk about temporary work. And you talk about permanent work.
COMPOUND SENTENCE
B. USING SEMICOLONS
COMPOUND SENTENCE. USING SEMICOLONS
Another way to create a compound sentence is by joining two simple sentences (independent
clauses) with a semicolon. The semicolon takes the place of a conjunction. When using a
semicolon, make sure that the ideas in the two sentences are closely related.
EQUAL IDEA EQUAL IDEA

My computer crashed; I lost all of my files.
I had just finished my paper; I will have to redo it.
She hopes to receive good grades this her scholarship depends on her maintaining a 3.5
semester; average.
Tony is a careless driver; he has had three minor accidents this year alone.
COMPOUND SENTENCE. USING SEMICOLON. PRACTICE 2.
Joining Ideas with Semicolons.

Each of the following items consists of one simple sentence. Create a compound sentence for each item
by changing the period to a semicolon and then adding another simple sentence.
Example: My brother is addicted to fast food; he eats it every day.
1. Fast-food restaurants are an American institution. _______________________________

2. Families often eat at these restaurants. _______________________________________
3. Many teenagers work there. ________________________________________________
4. McDonald’s is known for its hamburgers. ______________________________________
5. KFC is famous for its fried chicken. ___________________________________________
6. Taco Bell serves Mexican-style food. __________________________________________
7. Pizza Hut specializes in pizza. _______________________________________________
8. Many fast-food restaurants offer some low-fat menu items. _________________________
9. Some offer recyclable packaging. _____________________________________________
10. Some even have playgrounds. _______________________________________________
COMPOUND SENTENCE
C. USING TRANSITIONAL WORDS OR PHRASES
COMPOUND SENTENCE. USING TRANSITIONAL WORDS OR PHRASES
Another way to create a compound sentence is by combining two simple sentences (independent
clauses) with a transitional word or phrase. When using a transitional word or phrase to join two
sentences, a semicolon always comes before the transitional word or phrase, and a comma
always comes after it.
Some college students receive grants; however, others must take out loans.
He had a miserable time at the party; in addition, he lost his wallet.
Frequently Used Transitional Words
also Instead now therefore in comparison
Besides later thus in contrast
Consequently meanwhile after all in fact
Eventually moreover as a result in other words
Finally nevertheless at the same time of course
Furthermore Still for example on the contrary
however subsequently for instance
0therwise then in addition
Adding a transitional word or phrase makes the connection between ideas in a sentence clearer and more precise
than it would be if the ideas were linked with just a semicolon. Different transitional words and phrases convey
different meanings.
To add a similar, equal idea

also Community colleges offer preparation for many occupations; also/besides/furthermore/ in
besides addition/moreover, they prepare students to transfer to a four-year college or university.
furthermore
in addition
moreover
as well Community colleges offer preparation for many occupations; they prepare students to
transfer a four-year college or university as well.

too Community colleges offer preparation for many occupations; they prepare students to
transfer to a four-year college or university, too.
To add an unexpected or surprising continuation

However, The cost of attending a community college is low; however/nevertheless/
nevertheless nonetheless/still, many students need financial aid.
Nonetheless, still
To add a complete contrast
on the other hand Tuition at a community college is low; on the other hand/in contrast, tuition at private
In contrast schools is high.
To add an expected result

accordingly, as a result Native and nonnative English speakers have different needs; accordingly/as a
consequently, hence result/ consequently/hence/therefore/thus, most schools provide separate
therefore, thus classes for English each group.
To add an example
for example, Most colleges now have a writing requirement for graduation; for example/for
for Instance instance, students at my college must pass a writing test before they register for
their final semester.
To list ideas in order of time

Meanwhile, afterward, Police kept people away from the scene of the accident; meanwhile, ambulance
then, subsequently workers tried to pull victims out of the wreck.
The workers put five injured people into an ambulance;
afterward/then/subsequently, they found another victim.
To show similarities
Similarly, likewise Hawaii has sunshine and friendly people; similarly/likewise, Mexico's weather is sunny
and its people hospitable..
To indicate "the first statement is not true; the second statement is true"
Instead, on the contrary, The medicine did not make him feel better; instead/on the contrary/rather, it
rather, instead (meaning made him feel worse.
"as a substitute") They had planned to go to Hawaii on their honeymoon; instead, they went to
Mexico.
To add an explanation
in other words , that is Some cultures are matriarchal; in other words/that is, the mothers are the head of
the family.
To make a stronger statement

Indeed, in fact Mangoes are a very common fruit; indeed/in fact, people eat more mangoes than any
other fruit in the world.
To give another possibility

on the other hand, You can live in a dorm on campus; on the other hand/alternatively, you can rent a room
alternatively, with a family off campus.
otherwise Students must take final exams; otherwise, they will receive a grade of incomplete
(meaning "if not")
To give an alternative possibility
otherwise Students must take final exams; otherwise, they will receive a grade of Incomplete.
COMPOUND SENTENCE. USING TRANSITIONAL WORDS OR PHRASES. PRACTICE 3.
Joining Ideas with Semicolons and Connecting Words (Conjunctive Adverb).

A. Combine each pair of sentences by using a semicolon and a transitional words and phrases
followed by a comma. Choose a conjunctive adverb that makes sense for the relationship between
the two ideas. In some cases, there may be more than one correct answer.
Example: I have a lot on my mind. it is hard to concentrate.

Revised: I have a lot on my mind; therefore, it is hard to concentrate.
I have a lot on my mind; also, I have a lot of things to do.
I have a lot on my mind; still, I must try to relax.
I have a lot on my mind; otherwise, I could relax.
I have a lot on my mind; meanwhile, I still have work to do.
Independent Clause Independent Clause
Idea 1 Idea 2
1. Two inventors believed that Americans would welcome the opportunity to have a gasmask. They
invented one that is part of a baseball cap.
2. Professional gas masks are costly, heavy, and hard to use. Most consumers would not find them
appealing.
3. The new baseball-cap gas mask is small and lightweight. It can fit in the corner of a drawer, in a
coat pocket, or in a briefcase.
4. This mask can easily fit children as well as adults. It may sell for as little as twenty dollars.
5. The wearer slips a thin sheet of transparent plastic attached to the hat over his or her head. The
plastic sheet can be tied shut at the back of the neck.
6. Air from the outside is pulled in by a tiny fan. The air is forced through a filter of activated carbon in
the hat’s brim.
7. The inventors say that the plastic sheet allows the wearer to see clearly. It does not make the
wearer feel too closed in.
8. The mask is not intended for long-term use. It is meant to be worn for about fifteen to thirty minutes.
9. The goal is to allow the wearer to get out of the contaminated area quickly. The wearer can simply
slip on the mask and then move into fresh air.
10. The inventors are now looking for a company to make the new gas mask. Consumers will be able to
obtain the gas masks from the manufacturer.
B. Add semicolons and commas where required to set off transitional words and phrases that join two
independent clauses.
Example: Ketchup is a popular condiment; therefore, it is available in almost every restaurant.
(1) Andrew F. Smith, a food historian, wrote a book about the tomato later he wrote a book about
ketchup. (2) This book, Pure Ketchup, was a big project in fact Smith worked on it for five years. (3) The
word ketchup may have come from a Chinese word however Smith is not certain of the word’s origins.
(4) Ketchup has existed since ancient times in other words it is a very old product. (5) Ketchup has
changed a lot over the years for example special dyes were developed in the nineteenth century to
make it red. (6) Smith discusses many other changes for instance preservative-free ketchup was
invented in 1907. (7) Ketchup is now used by people in many cultures still salsa is more popular than
ketchup in the United States.(8) Today, designer ketchups are being developed meanwhile Heinz has
introduced green and purple ketchup in squeeze bottles. (9) Some of today’s ketchups are chunky in
addition some ketchups are spicy. (10) Ketchup continues to change however Smith is now working on
a book about the history of popcorn.
B. Add semicolons and commas where required to set off transitional words and phrases that join two
independent clauses.
Example: Ketchup is a popular condiment; therefore, it is available in almost every restaurant.
(1) Dagmar Schmidt is the head of recruitment at a German telecommunications company then she
talks about the selection process that is the methods that the company uses to recruit people:
‘(2) We need new talented personnel therefore we advertise in national newspapers. (3) We look at
the backgrounds of applicants for instance their experience of different jobs and their educational
qualifications. (4) We don't ask for handwritten letters of application as people usually apply by email
in fact handwriting analysis belongs to the 19th century.
(5) We invite the most interesting candidates to a group discussion then we have individual
interviews with each candidate. (6) We also ask the candidates to do written psychometric tests to
assess their intelligence and personality besides we conduct a physical examination.
(7) After this, we shortlist three or four candidates furthermore we check their references by writing to
their referees for example previous employers or teachers that candidates have named in their
applications. (8) If the references are OK then we ask the candidates to come back for more
interviews. (9) Finally, we offer the job to someone however if they turn it down then we have to think
again. (10) If they accept it, we hire them therefore we only appoint someone if we find the right
person.'
C. Choose a word or phrase that logically connects each pair of independent clauses below into one
compound sentence. Be sure to punctuate appropriately..
Example: Every year since 1927, Time magazine has chosen a Man of the Year. The Man of the Year
has not always been a man.
Revised: Every year since 1927, Time magazine has chosen a Man of the Year; however, the Man of
the Year has not always been a man.
PAR 1
(1) The Man of the Year must have greatly influenced the previous year’s events. The choice is often a
prominent politician. (2) In the 1920s and 1930s, world leaders were often chosen. Franklin Delano
Roosevelt was chosen twice. (3) During World War II, Hitler, Stalin, Churchill, and Roosevelt were all
chosen. Stalin was featured twice. (4) Occasionally, the Man of the Year was not an individual. In1950,
it was The American Fighting Man. (5) Only a few women have been selected. Queen Elizabeth II of
England was featured in 1952. (6) Very few people of color have been named Man of the Year. Martin
Luther King Jr. was honored in1963. (7) The Man of the Year is not always a person. The Computer was
selected in 1982and Endangered Earth in 1988. (8) In 2006, Time did not choose a specific person. Its
person of the year was “You.”
C. Choose a word or phrase that logically connects each pair of independent clauses below into one
compound sentence. Be sure to punctuate appropriately.
PAR 2
(1) When recruiting a new employee, different opinions sometimes emerge. The HRD officers must
come to an agreement. (2) For some people, fresh graduates might create trouble. They might have
good qualification of paper. They have no work experience. (3) They have just left university. They just
don't know how business works.
(4) For others, Education should teach people how to think. Education does not prepare them for a
particular job. (5) For example, one of last year's recruits had graduated from Undip in economics and
business. She is doing well.
(6) The disagreement continues. The educational background does not fit with the company’s
requirement. (7) The company will train the candidate as a scientist. They must qualify as a biologist or
chemist. (8) Training for a specific job is better. They must be a scientist.
(9) It is true that scientists are important. Good managers are also vital. (10) They may not have enough
experiences. They can achieve through in-house training courses within the company. (11) The
company have put a lot of money into management development and management training. They
are very important and they can be trained to be better. (12) They need training. They are still young.
D. Choose a word or phrase that logically connects each pair of independent clauses below into one
compound sentence. Apply using either coordinating conjunction, semicolon, or transitional words
or phrases. Be sure to punctuate appropriately.
PAR 3
I'm an office worker in an insurance company. I have a nine-to-five job with regular working hours. The work is
not very interesting. I like to be able to go home at a reasonable time. We all have to clock in or clock on before
starting to work. We all also have to clock out or clock off before going home every day. In this company, even
the managers have to. It is unusual!
However, in my friend’s company, there is a system of flextime. They can work when they want, within certain
limits. They can start at any time before eleven. They can finish as early as three, as long as we do enough hours
each month. It is ideal for him. He has two young children.
Similarly, my other friend works in a car plant. He works in shifts. He may be on the day shift one week. He may
be on the night shift the next week. When he changes shifts, He has problems changing to a new routine for
sleeping and eating. He has to obey the rule.
Meanwhile, my brother is a commercial artist in an advertising agency. He has to live in a big city. He prefer living
in the country. He commutes to work every day, like thousands of other commuters. Working from home using a
computer and the Internet is becoming more and more popular. It is called teleworking or telecommuting. He
does not want to work at home. He likes going into the office and working with other people around him
E. Add the suggested transitional word or phrase to each of the simple sentences below. Then, create
a compound sentence by adding a new independent clause to follow it. Be sure to punctuate
correctly.
Example: Commuting students do not really experience campus life. (however).
Revised: Commuting students do not really experience campus life; however, there are some benefits
to being a commuter.
1. Campus residents may have a better college experience. (still) _____________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Living at home means students can have home-cooked meals. (in contrast) ____________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Commuters have a wide choice of jobs in the community. (on the other hand) ___________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Commuters get to live with their families. (however) _______________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
5. There are also some disadvantages to being a commuter. (for example) _______________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
6. Unlike dorm students, most commuters have family responsibilities. (in fact) ____________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
7. Commuters might have to help take care of their parents or grandparents. (in addition) ___________
__________________________________________________________________________________
8. Commuters might need a car to get to school. (consequently) _______________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
9. Younger commuters may be under the watchful eyes of their parents. (of course) ________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
10.Commuting to college has pros and cons. (therefore) _____________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
F. Using the specified topics, provide coordinating conjunction, semicolon, as well as transitional
words and phrases to three paragraph economics related topics. Be sure to punctuate
appropriately.
Choose one possible topics:
1. Think of a company you would like to work for.

2. Think of friends you would like to work with for a business creation.
3. Think of a business activity you would like to develop.
4. Think of skills and knowledge you would like to acquire for your future.
5. Think of university you would like to get higher education.
To be continued……………….

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MODUL 1

FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS

Coordinating Independent Clause Independent Clause

Coordinating Independent Clause Independent Clause

COMPOUND Independent Clause Independent Clause

Coordinating Independent Clause Independent Clause

COMPOUND Independent Clause Independent Clause

Transitional Words Independent Clause Independent Clause

1. The dog barked all night.

For shows a reason:

Joining Ideas with Coordinating Conjunctions

Joining Ideas with Coordinating Conjunctions

Joining Ideas with Coordinating Conjunctions

Joining Ideas with Coordinating Conjunctions

Joining Ideas with Coordinating Conjunctions

1. Smoking in bed is dangerous. ________________________________________________

Joining Ideas with Coordinating Conjunctions

EQUAL IDEA EQUAL IDEA

Joining Ideas with Semicolons.

1. Fast-food restaurants are an American institution. _______________________________

To add a similar, equal idea

To add an unexpected or surprising continuation

To add an expected result

To list ideas in order of time

To make a stronger statement

To give another possibility

Joining Ideas with Semicolons and Connecting Words (Conjunctive Adverb).

Example: I have a lot on my mind. it is hard to concentrate.

4. Commuters get to live with their families. (however) _______________________________________

8. Commuters might need a car to get to school. (consequently) _______________________________

10.Commuting to college has pros and cons. (therefore) _____________________________________

Choose one possible topics:

1. Think of a company you would like to work for.

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