Single Degree of Freedom System

There are four cases 1.Undamped free vibration. 2.Damped free vibration 3.Undamped force vibration 4.Damped force vibration

1.Undamped free vibration

or or Using hooks law Fa u F=-kx k is conxtant of proportionality F=-ku___________(1) Aslo we know that F=ma F=mu___________(2) u=double derivative of displacement (u)

Compare eq (1) and (2) mu=-ku mu+ku=0 This is linear equation of order 2 (i.e 2nd order) divided by m we get k u " ! u m Auxiliary
u u
2

 ! s

k m 

! k m

or

u ! s i !

k i m

1
k i m

k i and   m eq ( 2 ) is

u ( t ) ! e at ( A cos bt  B sin bt ) a ! 0 and ,b ! k m k t  B sin m k t m k t) m

u ( t ) ! e ( 0 ) t ( A cos u ( t ) ! A cos

k t  B sin m

we know that k Wn !

Sou ( t )  A cos w n t  B sin w n t p ( A ) derivative w .rt " t " u ( t ) !  A sin w n t  B cos w n t p ( B ) Initial or boundary conditions: u(0)=u and u(0)=0 displacement at t =0 velocity at t=0 Putting conditions in eq (A) Put u(0)=u in eq (A) at t=0

u ! A0 A ! u Nowputting Puttingthe u ( 0 ) ! uatt ! 0 ineq ( B ) valuesof " A " and " B " ineq ( A ) 0 ! B B ! 0 u ( t ) ! u cos wnt  0 u ( t ) ! u cos wnt Timeperiod 2T T ! wn 2T k m 2T k m