Inclusive Education

Discussion

• DEFINITION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

• GOALS OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

• SCOPE OF SPECIAL AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

Objectives:

1. Define Special and Inclusive Education

2. Explain the VMGO of Special and Inclusive Education

3. Reflect on the importance of the Special and Inclusive

Education
Definition
Inclusive Education is when a school
educates children of all abilities and
backgrounds. It means that children with
additional learning needs and special
educational requirements are educated
within a 'mainstream' learning environment,
rather than a specialist school
 Studies over the years have found
improved skills and higher achievement in
Benefits
students with additional needs
through Inclusive Education. These studies
have proven that Inclusive Education boosts
friendships, improves communication, and
encourages more refined social skills for
everyone involved
Examples of Inclusive Classroom strategies

• Wheelchair Accessibility

• Audiobooks and Reading Aids

• Sign Language training

• Brailled printed textbooks

Inclusive Practice Within
Early Years
What is EYFS?

The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS)

sets the standards that all early years
providers must meet to ensure children learn
and develop well and are kept healthy and
safe. It promotes teaching and learning to
ensure children’s ‘school readiness’ and gives
children the broad range of knowledge and
skills that provide the right foundation for
future progress through school and life.
Inclusive Practice Within Early Years

Inclusive practice refers to the accessibility and

inclusion of all children regardless of their
attainment, religious and cultural beliefs, gender,
and background. Inclusive practice is a key 1 OF
principle throughout the EYFS and is the
underpinning ethos throughout all Early Years
frameworks and guidance documents. 
Inclusive Practice Within Early Years

The promotion of inclusive practice can be

implemented in a range of ways. Ensuring that
activities and resources are accessible to all
children is a vital way of enabling each child to
feel valued.
Inclusive Practice Within Early Years

The EYFS People and Communities aims are

particularly effective in promoting inclusive
practice, within these aims children are
encouraged to learn about lifestyles that are
different to their own and gain an awareness that
diversity should be celebrated and honored.
 Inclusive Practice Within Early Years

The underlining themes, principles, and

practices outlined in the EYFS are built upon
creating optimum learning environments for
children from all backgrounds with a wide range of
beliefs. Seeing each child as an individual is a vital
part of inclusive practice, through taking the time
to become familiar with each child’s beliefs,
religions, family dynamics, and circumstances you
will then be equipt to ensure that your provisions
and planning are fully inclusive
What is ECM?
Every Child Matters  is a UK government initiative for England and
Wales, that was launched in 2003, at least partly in response to the
death of Victoria Climbié. ECM is a policy that sets down the rights of
every child from birth until the age of 19 or 24 of those with disabilities

• to be healthy
•stay safe
•enjoy and achieve
•make a positive contribution
•achieve economic well-being

The purpose of the policy was to ensure that these five principles
were at the heart of all interaction with children to ensure that
children were safe and given the best chances in life.
What is British Values?
The British Values framework further explores children’s
abilities to understand inclusive practice. The framework has
the aim of supporting children to integrate positively within
our ever-growing and diverse society. Through supporting
children in gaining the skills needed to be supportive and
inclusive of their peers, they are more likely to go on to be
tolerant and respectful throughout their education and
beyond!

These 4 fundamental British values are:

• Democracy
• Rule of Law
• Respect & Tolerance
• Individual Liberty
Different settings that implement inclusive
practice
•Celebrating a range of cultural and religious
•Providing children with a diverse range of dolls, and
ensuring that the food within your role play area
incorporates foods associated with a range of cultures
•Have children discuss their home-lives
•Equality Needs Coordinator (ENCO) , Special Educational
Needs Coordinator (SENCO)
•Ensuring that parents feel included
•Answering their queries in a sensitive manner
•Makaton Language programme
•Themes like Elmer the Patchwork Elephant
Vision, Policy , Goals and Objective
of Special and Inclusive Education
 The Department of Education clearly states its vision for
children with special needs in consonance with the philosophy
of inclusive education, thus:
The State, community and family hold a common vision for
the Filipino child with special needs. By the 21stcentury, it is
VISION

envisioned that he/she could be adequately provided with basic

education. This education should fully realize his/her own
potentials for development and productivity as well as being
capable of self-expression of his/her rights in society. More
importantly, he/she is God-loving and proud of being a Filipino.
 The policy on Inclusive Education for All
is adopted in the Philippines to accelerate
POLICY

access to education among children and

youth with special needs.
 It is also envisioned that the child with special needs will
get full parental and community support forhis/her education
w/o discrimination of any kind. This special child should also
be provided with a healthy environment along with leisure
and recreation and social security measures” (Department
of Education Handbook on Inclusive Education,2000).

Inclusive education forms an integral component of the

overall educational system that is committed tan appropriate
education for all children and youth with special needs.
 The goal of the special education programs of the
Department of Education allover the country is to provide
children with special needs appropriate educational
services within the mainstream of basic education.
The two-pronged goal includes the development of key
GOAL

strategies on legislation, human resource development,

family involvement and active participation of
government and non-government organizations.
 Likewise, there aremajor issues to address onattitudinal barriers of
the general public and effort towards the institutionalization and
sustainability of special education programs and services.

Provide support services, vocational programs and work training,

employment opportunities for efficient community participation and
independent living,
GOAL

Provide a flexible and individualized support system for children and

youth with special needs in a regular class environment in schools
nearest the students’ home.
 Implement a life-long curriculum to include early intervention and parent
education, basic education and transition programs on vocational training or
preparation for college, and

Make available an array educational programs and services: the Special

Education Center built on “a school within a school concept” as the
resource center for children and youth with special needs; inclusive
GOAL

education in regular schools, special and residential schools, homebound

instruction, hospital instruction and community-based programs; alternative
modes of service delivery to reach the advantaged children in far-flung
towns, depressed areas and underserved barrages.
Special Education in the
Philippines
Special Education in the Philippines

Special education refers to the preparation of teaching

procedures and materials, and other interventions
designed to address the needs of a child with learning
differences, disabilities, and giftedness.

It is further mentioned in a case study conducted by

UNESCO, that in a country such as the Philippines which
guarantees to all its citizens, children and youth with
special needs are provided with access to educational
opportunities that develop their potentials and enable
them to become productive members of the society and to
live meaningful and fulfilling lives.
Special Education in the Philippines

On the other hand, provision of special education in the

Philippines is inferred from two provisions of the 1987
Philippine Constitution. Article II, section 17 provides that
the state must give priority to education, while Article XIV,
section guarantees that this education be accessible to all.
Furthermore, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
of 2004 (IDEA) is a federal law that requires schools to
serve the educational needs of eligible students with
disabilities. Its purpose is to protect the rights of children
with disabilities and to give parents a voice in their
children‘s education (Lee, 2014).
LCD Philippines Foundation

Leonard Cheshire Disability Philippines

Foundation is a non-stock, non-profit, NGO
with over 40 years experience working
with and for people with disabilities in the
Philippines. We are dedicated to promoting
the rights of disabled people through
Inclusive Education, Economic
Empowerment, and our advocacy program
for young people, Young Voices.
Importance of Inclusive Education
The purpose of inclusive education is to change
attitudes, behaviors, teaching methodologies,
curriculum and the environment to meet the need
of all learners. (Department of Education, 2001) By
doing this we are maximizing the participation of all
learners in the culture and curriculum of an
education institution, and minimizing the barriers to
learning. Inclusive education empowers learners
by developing their individual strengths and
therefore they can participate critically in the
process of learning.
Inclusive Education in other
Countries
Global Campaign for Education (GCE)

The Global Campaign for Education (GCE) is a civil

society movement that aims to end the global education
crisis. The GCE's mission is to make sure that
governments act now to deliver the right of every girl, boy,
woman and man to a free quality public education. GCE
campaigns throughout the year mobilizing pressure from
all sectors and holding governments and international
institutions to account.  Some of the activities that GCE
sponsors are: Global Action Week, year round
campaigning and global advocacy.
Mobility International USA

The mission of Mobility International USA

(MIUSA) is to empower people with disabilities
around the world to achieve their human rights
through international exchange and international
development. MIUSA works in four main areas to
provide international programs and services
including: the National Clearinghouse on Disability
and Exchange, International Development and
Disability, MIUSA International Exchange
Programs and Women, Disability and
Development
Inclusion Europe

Inclusion Europe is supported by the European

Commission and serves as a resource for
individuals with intellectual disabilities throughout
Europe. The organization works in 3 areas:
exchange of information, support for members and
influencing policy. Visit their website to find out
more about their events, publications and online
resources available in 23 languages
Inclusion International

Inclusion International (II) is a global
federation of family-based organizations
advocating for the human rights of people with
intellectual disabilities and their families
worldwide. The contents of the site are available
in English, Spanish, and French. II and its
members focus on the rights of people with
disabilities and their families, inclusive
education, poverty reduction, self-advocacy, and
much more
International Networking 

Enabling Education Network (EENET) is a UK-

based, information-sharing network on the issue
of inclusive education. The network is open to
the international community. The purpose of the
network is to share information and encourage
conversations and debates about inclusion and
rights in education. EENET is committed to
prioritizing the needs of countries, organizations,
and individuals who have limited access to basic
information and resources
Inclusion.com

Inclusion.com based in Toronto, Canada,

Inclusion.com comprises the Inclusion Press, the
Inclusion Network, and the Marsha Forest Centre.
Inclusion.com creates resource materials for
training events, public schools, high schools,
community colleges, universities, human service
agencies, health organizations, government
agencies, families, and First Nations organizations
—nationally and internationally
International Disability Alliance

The International Disability Alliance (IDA) represents

more than 600 million people with disabilities worldwide.
The alliance comprises the following eight international
organizations of and for people with disabilities: Inclusion
International, International Federation of Hard of Hearing
People, World Blind Union, Disabled Peoples’ International,
Rehabilitation International, World Federation of the Deaf,
World Federation of the Deafblind, World Network of Users,
and Survivors of Psychiatry. The alliance acts as a
spokesperson for the international disability movement in
global policy matters and of facilitating cooperation and
exchanges of information between the international
disability organizations
Open Society Institute

The purpose of the Open Society Institute (OSI) is to

shape public policy to promote democratic governance;
human rights; and economic, legal, and social reform.
The mission of OSI’s Education Support Program is to
promote justice in education, aiming to strengthen
advocacy, innovation, and activism. OSI believes that
the way a society organizes its resources to provide a
quality education, particularly for vulnerable children, is
a fundamental marker for democracy and an open
society.  
The World Bank 

The World Bank’s strategic thrust is to help

countries integrate education into national
economic strategies and develop holistic
education systems responsive to national socio-
economic needs. They are a partner in the
Education for All international movement.  This
website includes a key publication, “Inclusive
Education: Achieving EFA by Including Those With
Disabilities and Special Education Needs.” 
Thank you!