Prevention of Substance Use
and Abuse:
Gateway Drugs
GATEWAY DRUGS
Gateway drugs such as cigarettes and alcohol
are legal drugs that a non-drug user might try,
which can lead him/her to more dangerous drugs
such as marijuana and shabu.
TOBACCO
is a tall, leafy plant, originally grown in South and Central America, but now
cultivated throughout the world.
Nicotiana tabacum or sometimes called “common tobacco” is preferred for
producing present day cigarettes.
early as 600-900 C.E. as carved drawings on stones, were discovered in Mexico.
American Indians smoked it for special religious occasions and medical purposes
only. They never smoked cigar every day.
TOBACCO
tobacco smoking and chewing is the second leading cause of death
around the world.
one in ten adults worldwide approximately reaching about 5 million deaths
in a year.
death toll will rise to 10 million each year by the year 2020.
Each time a person puffs a cigarette or chew tobacco, more than 4,000
chemicals come into his/her contact.
43 of these chemicals are known carcinogens.
TOBACCO
Carcinogens are substances which cause
cancer. Nicotine, the addictive drug found in
tobacco products like cigarettes is a poisonous
stimulant. A stimulant drug increases the
central nervous system (CNS) activity.
TOBACCO
Carcinogens are substances which cause
cancer. Nicotine, the addictive drug found in
tobacco products like cigarettes is a poisonous
stimulant. A stimulant drug increases the
central nervous system (CNS) activity.
POLICIES AND LAWS AGAINST
TOBACCO SMOKING
Republic Act No. 9211, otherwise known
as “The Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003”
is the law governing tobacco production,
distribution and use. Some of its important
provisions are the following:
POLICIES AND LAWS AGAINST
TOBACCO SMOKING
c. Locations in which fire hazards are present, including gas stations
and storage areas for flammable liquids, gas, explosives or
combustible materials
d. Within the buildings and premises of public and private hospitals,
medical, dental, and optical clinics, health centers, nursing homes,
dispensaries and laboratories
e. Public conveyances and public facilities including airport and
ship terminals and train and bus stations, restaurants and conference
halls, except for separate smoking areas
f. Food preparation areas
POLICIES AND LAWS AGAINST
TOBACCO SMOKING
Section 9. Minimum Age Sales. – Under this Act, it shall be unlawful
a. for any retailer of tobacco products to sell or distribute tobacco products to
any minor (persons below 18 years of age);
b. for any person to purchase cigarettes or tobacco products from a minor;
c. for a minor to sell or buy cigarettes or any tobacco product; and
d. for a minor to smoke cigarettes or any other tobacco products.
POLICIES AND LAWS AGAINST
TOBACCO SMOKING
It shall not be a defense for the person selling or distributing that
he/she did not know or was not aware of the real age of the minor.
Neither shall it be a defense that he/she did not know nor had any
reason to believe that the cigarette or any other tobacco product
was for the consumption of the minor to whom it was sold.
Section 10. Sale of Tobacco Products Within School Perimeters. –
The sale or distribution of tobacco products is prohibited within
one hundred (100) meters from any point of the perimeter of a
school, public playground, or other facility frequented particularly
by minors.
POLICIES AND LAWS AGAINST
TOBACCO SMOKING
Chapter 2, Article 5, Section 24 of Republic Act No. 8749,
also known as the “Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999” states
that:
Smoking inside a public building or an enclosed public place
including public vehicles and other means of transport or in
any enclosed area outside of one's private residence, private
place of work or any duly designated smoking area is hereby
prohibited under this Act. This provision shall be
implemented by the Local Government Units.
ALCOHOL
ALCOHOL
colorless, bitter-tasting substance that
humans have been consuming since the
ancient times.
comes from plants that underwent
fermentation.
ALCOHOL
Fermentation is the process of extracting
alcohol from a plant or a fruit.
beer is extracted from grains.
wines are from grapes and other fruits.
EFFECTS OF
ALCOHOL
ALCOHOL
The main effect of alcohol drinking reflects
on a person’s central nervous system (CNS).
affects a person’s senses, feelings,
movement and breathing.
blood alcohol concentration
(BAC)
blood alcohol level (BAL)
0.05 percent means there is 5
parts of alcohol per 10,000
parts of blood in the body.
0.3-0.5 percent BAC could
lead to coma, brain damages
and even death.
ALCOHOL
INTOXICATION happens when physical and
mental changes in the body of an alcohol
drinker occur.
HANGOVER occurs when an alcohol drinker
feels uncomfortable effects after drinking.
TOLERANCE
Alcoholic regularly drinks alcohol with or without
friends.
result of often drinking, alcoholic does not appear
intoxicated anymore.
When stopped, alcohol cannot sleep and eat properly
and often sweats with fear and tremor.
DEPENDENCE
alcoholic decided to go back to drinking
alcohol to eat and sleep properly again
when a person literally depend his/her
everyday life on alcohol.
CIRRHOSIS
fatty liver, wherein the organ is not anymore functioning
normal to breakdown fats.
When alcohol is consistently consumed, the liver may
find it hard to function normally. When it happens, fat
will be stored in the liver, thus a condition called fatty
liver occurs. When liquids cannot pass through the
bloodstream because of the blockage of the fatty liver,
cirrhosis happens.
BRAIN DAMAGE
WATER<ALCOHOL
the blood that the heart will be pumping to
the whole body, especially to the brain, is
not healthy.
it will lead to brain damage and even death.
• Addiction – being dependent on a drug or
combination of drugs
• Addictive drugs – drugs that can cause
addiction physically and psychologically
• Alcoholism – condition when a person heavily
consumes alcohol consistently
• Alcohol poisoning – occurs when the body is
damaged physically due to too much alcohol
consumption.
• Depressant – a drug that suppresses the central nervous system,
slows down body function
• Drug – any substance not considered as food which alters body
structure of function.
• COPD – stands for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a
disease of smokers which worsens over time. It is characterized
by severe coughing, shortness of breath, wheezing, and tightening
of the chest.
• Emphysema – a lung disease which worsens in time. One of the
smokers’ disease which destroys the alveoli (air sacs) and nearby
tissues. It is characterized by shortness of breath, rapid breathing,
and expanded chest cavity.
• Gateway drug – a drug which can open doors for the user to
experiment and try more dangerous drugs. Drugs like nicotine
and alcohol.
• Heart attack – is the immediate death of heart muscles due
to blockage of the coronary arteries (heart arteries) by a blood
clot. It is also called myocardial infarction.
• Illegal drug – a drug mandated by law as not to be used by
anyone either in small or large amount
• Marijuana - a strong-smelling plant from whose dried leaves
are prepared as a euphoriant and hallucinogenic drug; the most
commonly used illegal drug either smoked or chewed
• Multiplier effect – condition when alcohol is
consumed simultaneously with any drug or
medicine, causing impairments in the physical and
mental functioning of the body
• Smoking – the act of smoking cigarette,
tobacco, or other substances
• Stimulant drug – a drug which temporarily
quickens the central nervous system
HOW WILL YOU SAY NO?
Step 1: What is the problem? Say what is wrong.
Step 2: What could happen?
Step 3: What are the ways of saying NO?
Say No.
Change the topic.
Tell the truth.
Joke about it.
Give reasons.
Tell a story.
Walk away if you can’t change your friend’s mind.
